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Biomedical subjects

E Jones

Publications and source records attributed to E Jones.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Protective effect of nonspecific immunostimulation in postsplenectomy sepsis.

The enhanced risk of severe sepsis following splenectomy is now well recognized in both adult and pediatric patients. Prophylactic antibiotics and bacterial vaccines have been utilized with limited success to inhibit the high morbidity and mortality. This study reports the use of glucan, a beta-1,3-polyglucose, as a nonspecific immunostimulant for postsplenectomy pneumococcal sepsis. ICR mice were treated with glucan or glucose (5% w/v) following splenectomy or sham operation. Mice were then challenged with 1 X 10(9) Streptococcus pneumoniae intranasally. Glucan significantly increased survival in the splenectomy group (75%) compared to controls (27%). Phagocytic function, as measured by the clearance of 131I-triolein-labeled reticuloendothelial test lipid emulsion, was increased in the glucan group when compared to control glucose animals, both in the presence and absence of pneumococcal infection. Splenectomy alone did not significantly decrease phagocytic function. An increased leukocytosis in response to pneumococcal infection was observed in splenectomized glucan-treated animals. Nonspecific immunostimulation appears to have significant potential as a treatment strategy against postsplenectomy infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Selected topics in therapeutic nutrition.

Although parenteral and enteral nutrition has advanced rapidly in the last 5 years, prevention of nutritional problems in children still depends on the practice of basic nutritional principles. Breast-feeding remains the best alimentation for the infant. Increased support of breast-feeding in children with cleft lip and/or palate is a simple application of basic therapeutic nutrition. Proper feeding can avert the need for parenteral or enteral nutrition. As our knowledge of nutritional therapeutics expands, the practitioner will be able to play a greater role in both preventive and therapeutic nutrition.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

Absence of mutagenic activity of WHR-1142A, lidamidine hydrochloride, in 4 short-term tests for mutagenic/carcinogenic potential.

WHR-1142A, lidamidine hydrochloride, an antidiarrhoeal agent, was tested for possible mutagenic/carcinogenic activity in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium/metabolic activation test, the micronucleus test, by analysis of metaphase chromosomes obtained from human lymphocytes grown in culture and in a cell transformation assay. No evidence of mutagenic/carcinogenic activity due to WHR-1142A, lidamidine hydrochloride, was found in any of the 4 tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[A new technic for the study of the physiology of erythrocytes: measurement of their deformability as a function of osmolarity. Results obtained by an automatized Ektacytometer in normal blood and in various hemolytic anemias].

A system has been added to the Ektacytometer to allow continuous variation and measurement of the osmolarity of the suspension medium from 50 to 500 mosm kg-1 permitting the analysis of erythrocyte deformability over a range varying from hypo- to hypertonicity. The curves are obtained automatically in 7 min. from a blood sample of 150 microliters. The "minimum index" observed in hypotonicity indicates that the cells are non-deformable at this point just preceding hemolysis. The osmolarity at which this index occurs provides a measure of the osmotic fragility of the sample. In hypertonicity there is a zero index, corresponding to non-deformable cells, which occurs at an osmolarity dependent on the original internal viscosity of the cells. This "null index" introduces the notion of erythrocyte resistance to deformation in hypertonicity. This new technique permits the evaluation of the erythrocyte response to various factors affecting their shape, internal viscosity or membrane flexibility. We present and discuss examples of curves obtained with normal blood before and after fractionation by density and after treatment with cystamine, as well as pathological bloods from two hemolytic anemias (hereditary spherocytosis and sickle cell anemia).

Anemia, Hemolytic↗