Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Delaporte

Publications and source records attributed to E Delaporte.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Absence of a relationship between antibodies to hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mozambique.

To study the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), sera from 178 patients with HCC and 194 blood donors from Maputo, Mozambique were tested for antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) using a second generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a confirmatory test with six synthetic peptides as reagents. The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was tested using an enzyme immunoassay. The prevalence of anti-HCV was higher in patients with HCC than in controls, but the difference was not significant after adjustment for age. Therefore, this difference reflected a difference in the age structure between the two groups. The prevalence of HBsAg was higher in patients with HCC than in controls. There was a negative association between anti-HCV and HBsAg in patients with HCC that was not significant after adjustment for age. These serologic results, which contrast with previous reports, show the need for further studies on the relationship between HCC and HCV using second generation serologic tests and molecular biology techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Epidemiological features of retroviral infection by HTLV-1 in central Africa].

Subsaharian Africa is the most important reservoir of HTLV1 virus but its epidemiology is not well-known. The authors have studied from 1987 to 1990 the situation in 6 countries in Central Africa. The already described routes of transmission are present: through blood transfusions (but it's not such a common practice), heterosexual transmission (but it doesn't seem to be as important as in other continents), and mother to child transmission through breast feeding. Nevertheless, environmental factors--which have to investigated--could play a role for transmission, among them one could think to vectors and parasites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Mycobacterium kansasii cutaneous infection].

The authors report a case of cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium kansasii in an immunocompetent woman. The mycobacterium was identified after a search for mycolic acids and the species-specific phenol-glycolipid K1. As minocycline followed by ciprofloxacin were ineffective, a conventional antituberculous treatment was prescribed and was fully successful.

Ciprofloxacin↗
PubMed1993

[Oculocutaneous type II tyrosinosis].

Richner-Hanhart syndrome, also called oculo-cutaneous tyrosinosis type II, is a recessive autosomal genodermatosis consecutive to a disorder of tyrosine metabolism. It presents as a varying association of palmo-plantar keratosis, bilateral keratitis and mental retardation. The authors report a new case which is atypical in that palmoplantar keratosis made a late appearance. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of hypertyrosinaemia, hypertyrosinuria and urinary excretion of phenolic acids, and the absence of hepato-renal lesion. Needle biopsy of the liver, which demonstrates the deficiency of soluble cytosolic tyrosine aminotransferase, is not indispensable to the diagnosis and was not performed in our patient. Treatment consisted of a dietary measure: a controlled phenylalanine and tyrosine intake to obtain a tyrosinaemia below 10 mg/100 ml. This resulted in a favourable and durable course of the oculo-cutaneous lesions. In case of isolated skin lesion, retinoids can be prescribed either alone of combined with a diet, making it less strict.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Blood transfusion as a major risk factor for HTLV-I infection among hospitalized children in Gabon (Equatorial Africa).

To study the risk factors for HTLV-I infection of African infants living in a high seroprevalence area, a survey was conducted among hospitalized children and their mothers in Franceville, southern Gabon. A total of 610 children (6 months to 14 years old) from 555 families and 434 mothers participated in the study. HTLV-I seroprevalence was 7.1% in the mothers and 2.8% in the children. No increase by age was observed in the children. Significantly more children with sickle cell anemia (11 of 57, or 19.2%) were infected than others (1%) (Fisher's exact test p < 0.001). Of the 13 seropositive infants (C+) whose mothers were tested, six (43%) had a seropositive mother (M+) [p < 0.001, prevalence ratio (PR) 10.12, 95% CI 3.40-30.35, attributable risk (AR) 0.55]. Risk factors for nonmaternally acquired HTLV-I infection were previous blood transfusion (Fisher's exact test p < 0.001, PR 15.74, CI 5.20-47.60, AR 0.71) and hospital admission. In a hospitalized pediatric population in Gabon mother-to-child transmission and blood transfusion (because of sickle cell disease) were equally implicated in HTLV-I infection. Control of HTLV-I infection in children in Africa requires prevention of both vertical and transfusion-associated transmission, which may be exceedingly difficult in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Virological and polymerase chain reaction studies of HIV-1/HIV-2 dual infection in Côte d'Ivoire.

Dual serological reactivity to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 is common in Côte d'Ivoire. To assess whether dual infection is the reason for dual seropositivity we sought HIV-1 and HIV-2 proviral DNA in primary uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from selected seropositive patients in Côte d'Ivoire with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR on primary lymphocytes in 36 dually seropositive samples revealed the presence of both HIV-1 and HIV-2 proviral DNA in 12 cases and the presence of HIV-1 only in 24 cases. In 18 of these 36 samples a virus was isolated and identified by PCR. HIV-1 was isolated from the 9 specimens with only HIV-1 proviral DNA in the primary lymphocytes. Among dually PCR-positive samples, 2 viral isolates reacted with both HIV-1 and HIV-2 primers; and only HIV-2 (n = 1) or HIV-1 (n = 6) strains were isolated from the other samples. The findings show that surveys based on serology may overestimate the prevalence of mixed infections in areas where both HIV-1 and HIV-2 occur.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

Isolation and characterization of a new chimpanzee lentivirus (simian immunodeficiency virus isolate cpz-ant) from a wild-captured chimpanzee.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolate cpz, a lentivirus closely related to HIV-1, in chimpanzees, and to obtain new SIVcpz isolates. METHODS: Forty-four wild-captured chimpanzees in Belgium and Côte d'Ivoire were tested for HIV and SIV antibodies. Virus was isolated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of positive animals and characterized by electron microscopy, Western blot and radioimmunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS: One animal had antibodies that cross-reacted with HIV-1. A lentivirus was isolated and referred to as SIVcpz-ant. With regard to molecular weight patterns, SIVcpz-ant differs from SIVcpz-gab' an HIV-1-related virus isolated from a wild-captured chimpanzee in Gabon. The major core protein, the transmembrane and outer membrane glycoproteins of the SIVcpz-ant strain consistently had higher molecular weights. Significantly more HIV-1-positive sera reacted with the envelope proteins of the Gabonese SIVcpz-gab strain than with the SIVcpz-ant strain. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that natural infection of wild-captured chimpanzees with an HIV-related virus may not be uncommon. The diversity of the two chimpanzee isolates, the different geographical origin and the absence of disease suggest that chimpanzees have not recently become SIVcpz-infected.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Humoral responses against the 85A and 85B antigens of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in patients with leprosy and tuberculosis.

Immunoglobulin G antibodies against the 85A and 85B components of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG antigen 85 complex separated by isoelectric focusing were investigated in serum samples from 129 patients representing the major forms of leprosy, 111 tuberculous patients, and 153 healthy subjects. For both of the antigens, a higher degree of staining was observed for lepromatous leprosy patients and patients with active tuberculosis than for the other groups. Because sera from some healthy subjects recognized the 85A antigen, we suggest that antigen 85B is the most useful component of the antigen 85 complex for the serodiagnosis of the multibacillary forms of leprosy or of the active forms of tuberculosis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

Subcorneal pustular dermatosis in a patient with Crohn's disease.

A case of subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease) is reported in a patient with a one-year history of Crohn's disease. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis has been described in association with monoclonal gammopathy, but to our knowledge it has not been associated with Crohn's disease. This new association reinforces the hypothesis of a possible common pathogenesis for neutrophilic dermatoses and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Retrovirus infections in the south of Cameroon.

The results of a national HIV seroprevalence survey carried out in 1986/87 showed a 1% HIV seroprevalence in the South of Cameroon, which is higher than in the other regions of the country. We here demonstrate the presence of HTLV-I infections in the South of Cameroon with possible clustering of infection in some villages. Some evidence suggestive of the presence of HTLV-II was obtained. Sera from patients with onchocerciasis did not react on HTLV testing. No HTLV associated haematological or neurological syndromes were observed during this survey. Regarding the human immunodeficiency viruses, the HIV-1 prevalence varied from 0 to 3% in the different populations studied. None of the subjects was HIV-2 positive.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection in Gabon, Africa: comparison of the serological and PCR results.

A cluster sampling survey was performed in 1989 in Libreville, Gabon, to determine HTLV-I and HTLV-II prevalence and to compare the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serology in detecting HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections. A total of 322 sera from adults were tested by ELISA and by Western blot (WB). The WB patterns were interpreted according to WHO criteria and those of the manufacturer. PCR analysis using primer pairs in the gag and pol region, with a specific probe for HTLV-I and HTLV-II, was performed on the lymphocytes of the 322 adults. In addition, 134/322 samples were re-tested with tax primers, in a second laboratory. Using WHO criteria, 8/322 (2.5%) samples were positive on WB and 25 were indeterminate; with the criteria of the kit, 26/322 (8.1%) were positive and 7 were indeterminate by WB. By PCR, 13 (4%) samples were positive, including 12 for HTLV-I (3.7%) and one for HTLV-II (0.3%). All 8 seropositive samples (by the WHO criteria) were positive by PCR, as were 4 out of 25 indeterminate samples. Only one out of 289 seronegative samples was positive by PCR. In contrast, only 12/26 positive samples by the kit criteria were confirmed by PCR. These results confirm the relatively high HTLV-I/II seroprevalence observed in Gabon. HTLV-I infection is preponderant, but HTLV-II is also present. The WHO criteria for WB give a better fit with PCR results than the kit criteria for WB. In the absence of a specific confirmatory test and based on the uncommon "seronegative" HTLV-I/II infection, the indication for PCR appears limited to the positive WB samples (to differentiate HTLV-I and II infection) and to the indeterminate WB samples.

Blotting, Western↗