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Biomedical subjects

E Delaporte

Publications and source records attributed to E Delaporte.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I infection and pregnancy: a case-control study and 12-month follow-up of 135 women and their infants.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection is common in Gabon, but its influence on pregnancy is unknown. A single case of acute T-cell leukemia in a pregnant woman has been reported in the literature, but, as far as we know, we present the first case-control study analyzing the relationship between HTLV-I seropositivity and the course and outcome of pregnancy. The study concerned 45 HTLV-I seropositive pregnant women matched with 90 seronegative pregnant women. None has clinical features of HTLV-I infection during pregnancy or during the year after delivery. HTLV-I seropositivity did not significantly affect the course or outcome of pregnancy. After losing maternal antibodies to HTLV-I, none of the infants had seroconversion to HTLV-I 1 year after birth. Filaria infection was correlated with HTLV-I seropositivity, but confounding factors may account for this observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Interleukin-1 beta stimulates fibroblast elastase activity.

We report the stimulation of elastase activity of human skin fibroblasts by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1). Elastase activity was determined by the hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate succinoyl trialanine paranitroanilide (Suc(Ala3)NA). Recombinant human IL-1 beta induced a concentration-dependent increase in the elastase activity of fibroblasts. The supernatants of keratinocyte cultures that contained IL-1/ETAF showed similar stimulatory activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Pemphigus vulgaris induced by radiotherapy].

A 54-year-old male patient who had been suffering from lymphoma for four years developed pemphigus vulgaris three weeks after exposure to radiotherapy. Skin lesions were initially strictly confined to the irradiated area and later extended over other skin areas. The eruption rapidly improved with glucocorticosteroid therapy which could be stopped after six months. Thirteen cases of pemphigus following X-ray irradiation have been published, twelve of them being associated with an internal malignancy. Clinical data strongly indicate radiation therapy as a provoking factor for the development of pemphigus, but a possible role of the neoplasia in our patient cannot be ruled out. It is suggested that immunological disturbances associated with lymphoma lead to an autoimmune response after exposure to X-rays. Ionizing radiation may alter the antigenicity of the epidermal cell surface or unmask epidermal antigens.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1991

Seroprevalence of retroviral infection in women with different fertility statuses in Gabon, western equatorial Africa.

Seroprevalence of retroviral infection (HIV-1, HTLV-1) in women with different fertility statuses was studied in Gabon (Western Equatorial Africa). The overall prevalence rate of HIV-1 was 1.4% and of HTLV-1, 6.8%. In the primary infertile women the age-adjusted prevalence rate of HIV-1 was significantly higher than in the fertile women (9.3% versus 0.7%) and in secondary infertile women (9.3% versus 2.1%). There was no difference in sero-prevalence of HTLV-1 among women with different fertility statuses, but a steady increase with age was seen. Concomitant infection with HTLV-1 and HIV-1 was observed in two women. In Gabon primary infertile women could be considered a risk group for HIV-1 infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiology of HTLV-I infection in its hyperendemic foci (Japan, tropical Africa, Caribbean)].

HTLV-1 infection is endemic in Japan, black Africa, the Caribbean and several regions of South America. In these foci, the infections is very heterogeneously distributed (variations from village to village, intrafamilial clustering). The virus is transmitted from mother to child, and breast feedings seems to play a major role. Sexual transmission is usually from man to woman. The frequency of transmission by blood transfusion must not be underestimated. It justifies the systematic detection of HTLV-1 infection in areas where it is economically feasible.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMed1990

[Solid facial edema associated with acne. Therapeutic efficacy of isotretinoin].

Persistent solid facial edema is considered a complication of acne vulgaris and has never been reported in the French literature. The authors report the cases of 2 patients, a 15-year old girl and a 20-year old man, who suffered from the condition for 1 and 2 years respectively. Clinical features and course are described. Treatment with isotretinoin in doses of 1 mg/kg/day administered during 6 and 8 months resulted in an 80 p. 100 and 50 p. 100 reduction of the edema respectively.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1989

Interpretation of antibodies reacting solely with human retroviral core proteins in western equatorial Africa.

Out of 4176 sera from asymptomatic adults originating from Chad, equatorial Guinea and Gabon tested for HIV-1 antibodies, 146 (3.5%) were positive by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). By Western blot (WB), 20 (0.5%) were positive, i.e. with antibodies to the core and the envelope proteins, 96 (2.3%) were indeterminate, i.e. with antibodies to the viral core proteins only and 30 (0.7%) were negative. On testing for HIV-2 by WB, two of the 96 indeterminate sera had antibodies to the HIV-2 envelope glycoproteins. Two complementary tests were used: a radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) and a HIV EIA recombinant assay (ENVACOR) to check 53 of these indeterminate sera. Forty-one were positive for the p25 protein in RIPA, of which 34 were negative in ENVACOR; six were positive for core proteins only and one was positive for envelope and core proteins using this assay. Twelve of the 53 indeterminate sera were negative in RIPA, of which 11 were negative and one positive for core proteins in ENVACOR. Thus, 42 of these sera remained indeterminate even after the two additional tests which did not allow a distinction between retroviral infection or non-specific reactions. We were able to isolate an unusual HIV-1 virus from lymphocyte cultures of two subjects presenting antibodies directed only against the core proteins.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed1989

Isolation and partial characterization of an HIV-related virus occurring naturally in chimpanzees in Gabon.

Two cases of wild-born chimpanzees which were positive for HIV-1 antibodies were observed in Gabon. These animals were never experimentally exposed to HIV-1 and had no history of inoculation with human blood products. A retrovirus was isolated from one of these chimpanzees. Several of the viral proteins from this virus, designated SIVcpz-GAB-1 (simian immunodeficiency virus from chimpanzee), differed in molecular weight from the known corresponding HIV/SIV proteins. The major gag protein of SIVcpz migrated on SDS-PAGE with a relative molecular mass of 25.5 and the outer membrane proteins were 110, 155 and 185 kD, respectively. SIVcpz did not induce severe cytopathic effects in human and chimpanzee lymphocytes. Antigenically, SIVcpz seems to be closer to HIV-1 than to HIV-2 and the other SIVs. Nucleic acid hybridization experiments appear to indicate that the virus is different from HIV-1 and HIV-2.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Sweet's syndrome associated with Crohn's disease.

The first known case involving an association of Sweet's syndrome with Crohn's disease is described. A 36-year-old woman developed a diarrhea, fever, and infiltrated erythematous cutaneous plaques on neck and limbs, consistent with a presumptive diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. This was confirmed by a skin biopsy showing a dense dermal infiltrate of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Crohn's disease, extending from the anus to the terminal ileum, was diagnosed as well. Prednisolone treatment resulted in the improvement of both the bowel disease and skin lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Keratinocyte-fibroblast interactions: I. Production by the keratinocytes of soluble factors stimulating the proliferation of normal human skin fibroblasts].

Epidermal cells produce IL-1 and contra IL-1 which respectively stimulate and decrease fibroblast proliferation. In order to get better insight into the nature of keratinocyte-fibroblast interactions, we have analyzed the effect of soluble factors produced by unstimulated normal human keratinocytes and keratinocyte cell lines on the proliferation of normal human dermal fibroblasts. The results were compared to these obtained with human recombinant IL-1 and IL-2. We observed that: 1) normal keratinocytes (monolayers or stratified) released in the culture medium a factor stimulating fibroblast proliferation by 45 to 160%; 2) supernatants of unstimulated PAM 212 keratinocyte cell line also contained the stimulatory activity; 3) addition of IL-1 beta to the culture medium at concentration ranging from 0.1 to 1.000 U/ml induced a dose-dependent increase in fibroblast proliferation, whereas IL-2 was ineffective; 4) gel filtration analysis (ACA 54) of serum-free supernatant showed that the activity could be eluted from 3 peaks (Mw ranging from 10 to 20 kD). The present data show that unstimulated normal human keratinocytes produce soluble factor(s) (maybe related to IL-1) which stimulate human dermal fibroblast proliferation and which could be of major importance in the modulation of fibroblast metabolism, in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Seroepidemiological survey of HTLV-I infection among randomized populations of western central African countries.

Between 1987 and 1988, a survey to determine the distribution of HTLV-I infection was conducted in a representative population of adults, living in southern Chad, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea. Populations studied were selected by the cluster sampling technique. Sera were tested for IgG antibodies to HTLV-I by ELISA. ELISA-positive sera were retested by Western blot. The study comprised 2,301 adults, all apparently healthy. Crude prevalence rates range from 0.5 to 11.8%. We found three clearly different areas of HTLV-I seroprevalence rates. An area of low seropositivity in southern Chad and northern Cameroon (0.5-2.0%), an area of moderate seropositivity in the savannah region of Ngaoundere, Cameroon (4.2%) and in Bata, Equatorial Guinea (6.5%), and lastly an area of high seropositivity (8.6-11.8%) in the equatorial forest area of Equatorial Guinea and southern Cameroon. HTLV-I seroprevalence rates increased with age up to 12.6% after 40 years old in the areas of high seropositivity. There was no difference between male and female age-adjusted prevalence rates in all of the areas studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome). Association with rheumatoid vasculitis.

A 58-year-old woman suffering from rheumatoid arthritis complicated by a leukocytoclastic vasculitis had an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome) develop immediately after worsening of her arthritic condition. This association supports the hypothesis that immunologic abnormality is involved in the pathogenesis of Sweet's syndrome and raises the question of a possible common pathogenic pathway between neutrophilic dermatoses and leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Acute Disease↗