Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E Belgrano.
A case is described of idiopathic priapism successfully treated by transcatheter embolization of the left internal pudendal artery with autologous clots. The rationale for the use of this new approach in the treatment of priapism is discussed briefly.
Transcatheter embolization of the hypogastric arteries has become a more and more largely used therapeutic approach in mastering unrestrainable hemorrages in bladder cancer patients. In this paper the Authors report their experience with this method based on 9 cases, which could be followed for 1 year or until patient's death. The immediate and long-term results are presented and discussed. The Authors conclude that transcatheter hypogastric embolization is the best non-invasive method to handle neoplastic pelvic hemorrages.
The aim in the management of struvite stones is to remove all of the stones and to treat urinary infection. The bacterial species which are known to cause struvite stones produce the enzyme urease, which increases urinary pH by splitting urea and consequently causes urinary supersaturation with respect to struvite and hydroxyapatite. The use of bacterial urease inhibitors with antibiotics is a new and interesting aid in the management of chronic urea-splitting infections. We describe our experience with the use of hydroxyurea in 15 patients with chronic urea-splitting infections.
Nine cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) in patients with urinary calculi are reported and discussed. Selective venous catheterization and parathormone (PTH) radioimmunoassay confirmed the diagnosis in all cases, preoperatively discriminated between adenoma and diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia, and permitted exact preoperative localization of 5 of 7 adenomas. The interest of the urologist in PHP and the usefulness of selective PTH radioimmunoassay are discussed and emphasized.
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Transcatheter arterial embolization is a useful technique to manage urological tumors. Herein we describe a new embolic material (isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate) in 5 cases of renal cancer embolization and in 1 case of bilateral hypogastric embolization for bladder cancer hemorrhage. Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate provides a complete, distal and irreversible embolization, making it suitable material in cancer embolization.
Three patients with severe haemorrhage from inoperable bladder cancer were treated by selective transcatheter embolisation of both internal iliac arteries. The technical details, results and a rare complication are described. Both gelatin foam and isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (IBC) are suitable embolic materials, but we prefer IBC when possible in patients with tumour.
A case of massive vesical and vaginal bleeding due to a primitive uterine cancer that relapsed hemorragically after bilateral hypogastric embolization and required an additional embolization of all arterial sources supplying the tumor is reported.
The cellular immune response has been reported to be impaired in patients with renal cancer and to be increased by removal of the tumor bulk. T lymphocyte levels in the vein of the neoplastic kidney were investigated in 4 patients to assess the presence of a T lymphocyte inhibiting factor produced by the tumor. T lymphocyte levels resulted in significantly decreased tumorous venous blood, whether compared to arterial, contralateral or peripheral blood. A similar result was not found in 10 control patients. Some hypotheses on the nature of this T lymphocyte inhibition are discussed.
Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate were used in experimental trans-catheter embolization of rat kidneys and in two patients as preoperative embolization of renal carcinoma. The agents produced an efficient and lasting embolization, with no evident complication; however, their usage is difficult and an appropriate dosage is also difficult.
Transcatheter arterial embolization is an interesting technique; its usefulness in urology has not yet been well assessed. The properties and characteristics of some embolic materials among the more commonly used were investigated by means of a new experimental model, i.e., transcatheter embolization of rat kidney. Autologous clots and Oxycel were found to give a transient embolization, whereas Gelfoam, barium, and cyanoacrylates did not allow recanalization or revascularization. Only barium was found in venous vessels. The findings are discussed in view of the clinical application of the embolic materials considered.
Preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas by various methods is today in increasing clinical use. The practical value of the methods is discussed, with particular reference to the PTH radioimmunoassay on selective venous samplings, which is the most reliable. The authors report on their 38 cases with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism during the last six years.
Preoperative embolisation with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate by means of an intra-arterial catheter during selective angiography was experimented in 2 cases of carcinoma of the kidney. The technique and the results obtained are described and discussed.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The properties and characteristics of a variety of embolic materials (Clots--surgicel--gelfoam--barium--cyanoacrylates) were investigated by transcatheter embolization of the rat kidney. Clots and surgicel result in temporary embolization, with return of normal renal function. Gelfoam barium and cyanoacrylates produce definitive embolization. Only barium was found in veins.
The mean percentage of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood was tested in 6 patients with renal cancer before and after preoperative transcatheter embolization and radical nephrectomy. While no significant difference was found in B lymphocyte levels compared to those in healthy control subjects a clear impairment in circulating T lymphocyte levels was observed in renal cancer patients who had not been treated. This reduction in T lymphocyte levels persisted after embolization but there was a significant increase after radical nephrectomy.