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D Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to D Wilson.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

A microprocessor-based system for measurement of gas exchange.

The basic physical measurements for determining gas exchange are difficult to make accurately even in a well-equipped, human-performance laboratory with experienced personnel. A fully automated system has been developed to achieve the accuracy of standard laboratory measurements. The application of this instrument extends from critical care to stress-testing. Real-time, multitasking software integrates the data collected from several transducers and analyzers and calculates up to several dozen physiological variables, which are range-checked for reasonableness. The operator is provided with user-friendly means to tailor the data-reporting and- collection functions of the system to his own needs and requirements. Because the instrument is controlled by software, the functions of calibration, measurement, timing, reporting, plotting, and data quality assurance are highly cost-effective. Extensive use of formal test procedures permits verifying all systems and data reliability; it also assures meeting the desired specifications. The ease of operation and high-quality results inherent in this system make it unsurpassed in gas-exchange measurements.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Effect of volume of blood cultured on detection of Streptococcus viridans bacteraemia.

Fifty eight patients undergoing dental extraction each had 45 ml blood collected. This was divided into 30 ml and 15 ml blood samples for culture. The 30 ml sample was inoculated into 120 ml nutrient broth with 0.05% liquoid and the 15 ml sample into 60 ml of identical broth so that the final dilution of blood in broth was always 1/5. Bacteraemia due to viridans streptococci was found in 27 and 15 patients by culturing the 30 ml and 15 ml blood samples respectively. Only one further case of streptococcal bacteraemia was detected by culture of the total volume of blood collected (45 ml) rather than culture of the 30 ml blood sample alone. These findings suggest that the culture of 30 ml blood results in the detection of up to 80% more blood cultures yielding Streptococcus viridans than the culture of only 15 ml blood. The collection of more than 30 ml blood for each culture is unlikely to prove worthwhile. It is suggested that 30 ml rather than 15 ml blood is probably the optimal volume of blood for each culture of S viridans when patients with suspected infective endocarditis are investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Relationship between fertility and blood glucose and cholesterol concentrations in Holstein cows.

Jugular blood samples were collected prepartum and postpartum from 97 Holstein cows and heifers. Samples were analyzed for total serum cholesterol and plasma glucose. Plasma samples taken 4, 11, 18, and 25 days postpartum were also analyzed for progesterone. Concentrations of cholesterol, glucose, and progesterone were evaluated in relation to summer- and winter-calving seasons, milk production, lactation number, days-to-conception, number of postcalving uterine infusions given, and time relative to calving. A temperature-humidity index was used as a covariate in the analysis to adjust the data for climatic effects so that seasonal effects other than temperature and humidity could be determined. Average plasma glucose was within the normal range (62 +/- 8 mg/dl). It increased before calving and then declined to a minimum value between 11 and 25 days postpartum. Glucose then increased after 25 days for the summer-calving group and remained relatively stable for the winter-calving cows. Blood glucose concentrations were inversely related to milk production. Negative correlations existed between milk production and plasma glucose at days 4, 11, 18, 25, and 39 postpartum. First-lactation heifers had higher blood glucose levels than cows in their second or later lactation. Blood glucose concentrations were not related to days-to-conception over both seasons. Average serum cholesterol was within the normal range (125 +/- 29 mg/dl). It decreased before calving and then increased for 88 days after calving. Summer-calving cows had higher serum cholesterol concentrations prepartum and winter-calving cows had higher concentrations from 39 through 88 days postpartum. Cholesterol concentrations were directly related to milk production from 25 through 88 days postpartum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Respite care].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Family↗
PubMed1984

Selenium concentrations in feeds and effects of treating pregnant Holstein cows with selenium and vitamin E on blood selenium values and reproductive performance.

Holstein cows (n = 104) and heifers (n = 35) were used to determine the effects of treatment with selenium (Se) and vitamin E on whole blood Se values and fertility. At 21 +/- 3 days before parturition, 55 cows and 19 heifers were injected with 680 IU of vitamin E and 50 mg of Se as sodium selenite. Treatment had no effect on days to first estrus, days to first service, days to conception, services per conception, or number of uterine infusions required. Blood samples were obtained from 33 nontreated cows and heifers and 32 treated animals at 21 and 14 days (+/- 3) before calving and at 7 and 14 days (+/- 3) after calving. Mean whole blood Se level at -21 days (day 0 was day of parturition) and before Se-vitamin E treatment was 0.109 micrograms/ml. At days -14, 7, and 14, blood Se was significantly higher in the treated than the non-treated animals. Blood Se was lower on all sampling days in cows calving in July through November than in cows calving in December through April. Heifers in their 1st lactation had lower blood Se concentrations than did cows in their 2nd or later lactation. In feeds sampled at 2-week intervals, mean concentrations of Se in Bahia grass, mixed ryegrass and oats, corn silage, and sorghum silage were less than 0.1 micrograms/g on a dry matter basis. Bermuda grass, alfalfa hay, and concentrates contained greater than 0.1 micrograms of Se/g. Large variation existed in Se concentrations of individual feedstuffs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of severe hypertension with labetalol compared with methyldopa and furosemide. Results of a long-term, double-blind, multicenter trial.

Eighty-one severely hypertensive patients were enrolled in a multicenter, double-blind, parallel group study evaluating the efficacy and safety of labetalol alone or in combination with furosemide versus methyldopa in combination with furosemide. A one day to four week placebo lead-in phase was followed by a one- to six-week titration period and a one-year maintenance period. Treatment with labetalol alone or in combination with furosemide, as well as methyldopa plus furosemide, was associated with significant reductions in supine and standing blood pressure levels. Moreover, after six months and one year of treatment, respectively, labetalol caused a significantly (p less than 0.05) greater reduction in the systolic blood pressure than the methyldopa regimen. The antihypertensive effect of labetalol was associated with small, yet significant reductions in heart rate; in contrast, resting tachycardia was observed in methyldopa-treated patients. Side effect profiles of the two treatments were different, with nausea being the most commonly reported side effect during labetalol therapy, and asthenia, somnolence, and dry mouth during methyldopa therapy. Overall, 33 of 65 (53 percent) labetalol-treated and 28 of 60 (47 percent) methyldopa-treated patients had at least a good response (that is, standing diastolic blood pressure 90 to 94 mm Hg) to therapy, including 26 (40 percent) and 22 (37 percent) patients, respectively, who had standing diastolic blood pressure levels of less than 90 mm Hg. Thus, labetalol is a potentially safe and effective agent in the long-term management of the patient with severe hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Lafora disease: liver histopathology in presymptomatic children.

Lafora disease is an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism with storage of a polyglucosan in various tissues including brain and liver. Recently, distinctive histopathological changes in liver have been emphasized, and the diagnosis has been confirmed by the relatively simple procedure of percutaneous liver biopsy. We utilized this technique to study three asymptomatic preadolescent children from one family in which older siblings had symptomatic Lafora disease confirmed by brain or liver biopsy. Liver biopsies from the asymptomatic children showed altered hepatocytes identical to those seen in symptomatic subjects, although the cells were considerably less numerous. All three children subsequently became symptomatic. Distinctive liver changes can antedate the onset of symptoms in Lafora disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The effect of preceding anaerobic exercise on aerobic and anaerobic work.

The effects of exercise-induced elevation of lactic acid concentration in blood [Lab] up to 12-14 mM on the subsequent aerobic (less than or equal to VO2 max) and anaerobic (supramaximal) performance was investigated in a group of trained non-athletic subjects. For submaximal loads ranging from 0.6 VO2 max to VO2 max the VO2 max/external work load (Wext) ratio was unaffected by preceding anaerobic exercise, VO2 max was not significantly different, whereas the maximal performance time of a standard exercise was reduced. The kinetics of the VO2 on- adjustment at the onset of 0.9 VO2 max rectangular loads carried out by the arms and/or by the legs was significantly increased by a preceding supramaximal anaerobic load carried out by the same as well as by the non-exercised limbs. It is concluded that in the presence of high [Lab] (1) the maximal aerobic power (VO2 max) is unchanged; (2) the efficiency of aerobic work is unaffected, which implies that during active recovery most La is used as substrate, provided the metabolic level during the latter exceeds 0.6 VO2 max; (3) the endurance for anaerobic as well as for aerobic exercise is reduced; (4) the kinetics of the VO2 adjustment at the onset of submaximal rectangular loads is faster, both in primed and in non-exercised muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The origin of the endothelium in the developing marginal vein of the chick wing-bud.

The origin of the endothelium of the developing limb vasculature has received little attention. From early accounts of the pattern of vessel development in the limb it has been assumed that the endothelia are provided by sprouting and growth of the earliest formed vessels such as the aortae, large veins (the 'genetic' vessels). An alternative origin of the endothelium is the transformation in situ of mesenchymal cells of the limb bud. The origin of the vascular endothelium in the developing marginal vein was investigated by the creation of an enlarged avascular zone of mesenchyme at the distal tip of early chick and quail wing-buds. This was achieved by grafting, heterospecifically, avascular tips of correspondingly aged wing-buds. Using the nucleolar marker of the quail cells, the newly formed vessels within the grafted tissue were shown to originate from the host wing-bud vasculature. Thus, it was concluded that the endothelium in developing vessels of the limb bud are derived from the preexisting vessels rather than by the recruitment of undifferentiated limb mesenchyme cells.

Animals↗