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Biomedical subjects

D Weinstein

Publications and source records attributed to D Weinstein.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Synthesis and secretion of alkaline phosphatase in vitro from first-trimester and term human placentas.

The synthesis and secretion of alkaline phosphatases in vitro by human placental tissue incubated in organ culture were studied. First-trimester placenta synthesizes and secretes two different alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes (heat-labile and heat-stable), whereas in term placenta nearly all the alkaline phosphatase synthesized and secreted is heat-stable. The specific activities of alkaline phosphatases in first-trimester and term placental tissue remain constant throughout the time course of incubation. In the media, specific activities increase with time. Hence, alkaline phosphatase synthesis seems to be the driving force for its own secretion. The rates of synthesis de novo and of alkaline phosphatases were measured. The specific radioactivities of the secreted alkaline phosphatases were higher than the corresponding specific radioactivities in the tissue throughout the entire incubation period. The intracellular distribution of the alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes was compared.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Use of rat/hamster S-9 mixture in the Ames mutagenicity assay.

Based on the findings of Nagao et al [1978] that phenacetin is negative in the standard Ames test with Aroclor induced rat S-9 and positive with hamster S-9, the test was performed with a mixture of rat/hamster S-9. Phenacetin was mutagenic with the mixture. The activity of the mixture was compared to the rat S-9 alone with low concentrations of 2-aminoanthracene (a strong promutagen for Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535, TA 100, TA 1537, and TA 98), nitrosopiperidine (a weak promutagen), and 1,2 epoxybutane (a weak, direct-acting mutagen). Except for an increased mutagenic activation by the mixture with nitrosopiperidine the mixture was comparable to the rat S-9 alone, indicating that replacing rat S-9 with a rat/hamster S9 mixture in the standard Ames test could increase the sensitivity of the test without interfering with rat S-9 activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Antepartum fetal evaluation by assessment of fetal heart rate and fetal movements.

Three antenatal monitoring tests--fetal movement acceleration test (FMAC-test), fetal heart rate-nonstress test (FHR-NST), and daily fetal movement recording (DFMR) were evaluated in 212 high risk pregnant women. While in 196 cases all three tests were normal, in 16 patients one to three tests showed pathological results. In the latter group, there was a significantly higher incidence of perinatal mortality, low Apgar score and growth retardation. Since false positives are known to occur in these tests, at least two should be pathological to warrant delivery in am attempt to prevent fetal death in utero. The sequence in which the pathology appears in the deteriorating fetus is as follows: the first to become non-reactive is the FMAC-test, followed by decreased fetal movements till cessation, and, finally, severe changes in the FHR-NST take place. The importance of this sequence of events is discussed.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1981

Conservative management of suspected prolactin secreting pituitary adenoma during pregnancy.

Seventeen women with prolactin levels of 100 ng/ml and above suspected of harboring prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma, from the basis of this study. Ten patients had radiological signs of an adenoma while in 7 the radiological criteria for such a diagnosis were not fulfilled. Ovulation and pregnancy were induced with bromocriptine in all 17 patients. They were carefully observed during pregnancy and following delivery. All gave birth to full-term babies after uneventful pregnancies, except for one patient who experienced intrauterine fetal death at 31 wk of gestation. It is our policy that women with suspected intrasellar prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma be allowed to conceive and give birth without previous surgical intervention. The patient should be closely followed during pregnancy for clinical symptoms of enlargement of the tumor, including periodic visual field examinations. In cases of neurologic or ophthalmologic complications, surgery or bromocriptine administration without interruption of pregnancy is advocated, or if lung maturity is achieved, delivery should be induced.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

Quintuplet pregnancies.

Five quintuplet pregnancies, following induction of ovulation with clomiphene and HMG-HCG, are the subject of this communication. In 3 women, pregnancy was associated with ovarian overstimulation, and two patients required emergency surgery because of torsion of an ovarian cyst. Two women aborted in mid-trimester, while the other 3 delivered by cesarean section at 33-35 wk gestation. 15 babies were born, weighing 700-2200 g. 8 infants suffered from respiratory distress syndrome and 5 babies were born with correctable malformations. 13 newborns survived, and all are mentally and physically well-developed. Four of the 5 women conceived again. The management of the patients during multiple gestation and the outcome of pregnancy are discussed.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1980

Clefts in quintuplets--a case report.

A report of clefting in three siblings of quintuplets, following treatment with Pergonal, is presented. It is suggested that the varying degrees of the abnormality may be related to cramped intra-uterine conditons or differing pressures at a critical developmental stage. To our knowledge, no previous reports of congential abnormalities associated with Pergonal therapy exist, and we feel that the causal relationship should be explored using a suitable animal model.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1979

Estradiol and testosterone levels in the peripheral and ovarian circulations in patients with endometrial cancer.

Estradiol and testosterone levels in the peripheral and ovarian circulation of patients with endometrial cancer and of postmenopausal women were studied. These levels proved to be the same in the two groups. The ovaries of neither group secreted estradiol. The testosterone level in the ovarian circulation of all examined women was four times higher than that in the peripheral circulation, thus indicating the ovarian origin of testosterone.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Triploidy in human abortions.

Seven triploid embryos and fetuses, six spontaneously aborted and one resulting from pregnancy interruption are described. A wide range of malformations, from amorphous, nodular embryos, to apparently normal phenotypes were observed. The degree of hydatid degeneration in the placentae ranged from minimal to severe. In several cases large, atypical cells were present in the villous stroma. There was no apparent correlation between the degree of placental lesion and fetal malformations. It is suggested that termination of triploid pregnancies is determined more by the degree of placental damage rather than the severity and type of fetal anomalies.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Eosinophilic fasciitis.

Localized areas of indurated skin, which were adherent to the underlying tissues of the upper extremities, suddenly developed in 55-year-old woman. Histologic examination of these bound-down areas disclosed a thickening and inflammation of the deep fascia. There was an associated eosinophilia and a marked clinical improvement after 18 months of oral steroid therapy. These gross and microscopic findings, as well as the peripheral eosinophilia and clinical response while oral steroids were administered, are all characteristics of the recently described entity called eosinophilic fasciitis. Its recognition is important since it may be steroid responsive.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1977

Chromosomal effects of carcinogens and non-carcinogens on WI-38 after short term exposures with and without metabolic activation.

The human diploid fibroblast culture, WI-38 was analyzed for chromosomal damage after 24 h exposures to benzo(a)pyrene (BP), 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), n-methyl-n'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), pyrene and caffeine. A low concentration of 4NQO (0.15 micron) and MNNG (1.9 micron) produced breakage and exchange figures. A relatively high concentration of caffeine (1300 micron) caused breakage. The other compounds (BP, MCA and pyrene) caused little or no increase in damage above the control levels. A 1-h pulse exposure of WI-38 cells to BP (40 micron) in the presence of a rat liver homogenate supernate (S-9) resulted in damage significantly greater than the untreated cells or cells treated with BP alone. 4NQO (0.25 micron) produced exchange figures after a similar 1-h exposure, but this effect was eliminated by the S-9. A much higher concentration of caffeine (10,300 micron) was required to cause breakage greater than control levels after a one hour exposure. The results indicate a possible short term in vitro human cell system for distinguishing carcinogens, procarcinogens, and noncarcinogens.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1977

Hysterography before and after myomectomy.

Pre- and postmyomectomy hysterograms were compared in 12 consecutive cases. In 11 cases, the uterine cavity was of normal shape and size after surgery, irrespective of the degree of preoperative uterine distortion. In two cases fallopian tubes were not visualized before surgery but were found patent after removal of the fibroids. In all cases studied, preoperative hysterography was valuable in confirming the presence and localization of myomata but of limited value in predicting the feasibility of the procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prenatal diagnosis of achondrogenesis.

An achondrogenic fetus, in whom the diagnosis was made prior to delivery by plain abdominal X-rays, is presented. The intrauterine characteristic roentgenographic manifestations are the short dense tubular bones of the extremities. An early diagnosis in fetuses with this disease can be made on a plain abdominal X-ray in the 22nd-24th week of gestation.

Abortion, Induced↗