Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Lubach.
This report describes a case of subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Seddon-Wilkinson). Because of marked side effects the treatment with diaminodiphenylsulphone (DDS) was stopped. A good therapeutic effect was obtained with aromatic retinoid (Ro 10-9359) in decreasing doses. This treatment was combined with UV-light irradiations. Maintenance treatment was carried out only with aromatic retinoid.
Sixtyfour patients with chronic renal failure who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis showed no recovery of the cutaneous stigmata which were related to their renal insufficiency. In addition several changes of hair and nails were found.
This report describes 3 cases of yellow nail syndrom. The examination either did not reveal lymphedemas or only transitory edemas were found. But both typical changes of nails and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract were found. Remarkably enough, two of our patients showed a decrease in serum immunoglobulin M (IgM). Both patients had a most serious disorder of the respiratory tract. In the form of a table this report contains a survey of the literature published hitherto about the combinations of symptoms of yellow nail syndrom occurring most frequently.
Acne fulminans is a rare disorder of male teenage patients. The disease is characterized by the sudden appearance of highly inflammatory, tender, ulcerative and crusted lesions on back, chest and face. At the onset of the disease all patients show febrile temperature, leucocytosis, increased sedimentation rate and frequently polyarthralgia. The reported case showed typical lesions and distribution, fever, leucocytosis, elevated sedimentation rate, anemia, a decrease in albumin and an increase in alpha 2-globulin. Intradermal skin tests (delayed reactivity) showed marked decrease responses. Systemic treatment with antibiotics (ampicilline, tetracycline) with concomitant topical therapy was effective.
Diisocyanates are widely used as polymerizing agents in the production of polyurethanes. Exposure to high concentrations of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) causes the development of toxic-irritative symptoms in the respiratory tract. It has been observed that some workers, after repeated exposures and a latent period of months to years, develop asthmatic symptoms upon re-exposure to minute concentrations of diisocyanates. An immunological mechanism for this typical extrinsic asthma has not been adequately documented.
Monilethrix is a disorder of the hair manifested by fragile, beaded hair and baldness. The four children described below showed no regulary rhythm of node and internode formation. Light microscopy supported the hypothesis that periodic inhibition of keratin synthesis explains the production of the constriction. Scanning electron microscopy shows longitudinal ridging of the internodes in monilethrix and distinctive surface irregularity. Chromatography of urine for argininosuccinic acid do not support the theory that this hair abnormality is a metabolic defect.
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The yellow nail syndrom consists of the triad of scleronychia (yellow nails), lymphedema and respiratory tract involvement. The nail changes include symmetrical involvement of finger and toe nails with regression of the nail sheath, paling of the half-moon, arrest of longitudinal growth, thickening, yellow coloration, increased transverse convexity, ridging and partial separation of the nail. This report describes a case of drug-induced yellow nail syndrom due to penicillamin.
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This report describes a case of necrotic dermatitis in relation to a permanent wave process. The possible causes of the necrotic dermatitis are discussed.
Toluylene diisocyanate (TDI) has an uncommon importance in the production of irritation of respiratory system. In the last few years less volatile isocyanate compounds have been substituted for TDI. Commercial available diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (PAPI) were analyzed in 1971. The analysis indicated the presence of 21% TDI in several samples. It is evident, with respect to the relatively high vapor pressure of TDI, that such impurities will be able to cause air concentrations in excess of the current threshold limit value (TLV) of 0.02 ppm. Liberation of TDI by heat from varnish insulinations is a difficult problem. This problem was described as "an old hazard in new guise". Especially, in a soldering process on polyurethane coated wire, excess of TLV is possible in unfavourable conditions. By the regulation that the concentration of TLV must not exceed 0.02 ppm and by the use of new non-volatile isocyanate the risk of acute and subacute intoxications has considerably subsided. Chronic irritations of respiratory system and asthma-like diseases, however represent still an unsolved problem.
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The method of equilibrium centrifugation for determining the number of antibody molecules (A) and their equilibrium constant K characterizing the reactivity of antibody with antigen described in this paper is based on the use of virus-coated formaldehyde-treated erythrocytes as immuno-adsorbent. Graded doses of the immuno-adsorbent are mixed with the serum to be tested and the degree of antibody adsorption is measured. By analogy to the formula used in the method of equilibrium filtration, these data can be evaluated in order to determine the concentration of antibody molecules and the equilibrium constant K. Adsorption of virus on formaldehdye-treated erythrocytes results in steric hindrance of a part of the antigenic sites of the virus particles. This was taken into account by measuring sera comparatively both by means of equilibrium centrifugation and by use of equilibrium filtration and establishing correction formulas. Both techniques were found to have the same sensitivity and accuracy. In comparison to equilibrium filtration, equilibrium centrifugation offers the advantage that it can be used with test antigens which are below the minimum size needed in equilibrium filtration.
The kinetics of the reactions of antihemagglutinin (AH) and antineuraminidase (AN) antibodies with homologous influenza virus were examined by use of a photometric hemagglutination inhibition test (antibody concentration unit [ACU] test). The following results were obtained. (i) The isotherms describing the reaction of AN antibodies with homologous virus were found to have much steeper slopes than did the corresponding AH antibody isotherm. This finding indicates that the photometric ACU method can discriminate objectively between AH and AN antibodies. (ii) The reaction of mixtures of AH and AN antibodies with homologous virus was examined and found that AH antibodies combine with virus independently from the presence of AN antibodies, whereas AH antibodies were found to reduce greatly the measurable degree of hemagglutination inhibition by AN antibodies. (iii) A formula was developed and experimentally confirmed by means of which the binding of virus by mixtures of AH and AN antibodies can be predicted. Thereby, the influence of the relative concentration of AH and AN antibodies on the establishing of isotherms and on their subsequent use for antibody titration by means of the photometric ACU method was investigated. It was found that the procedure routinely employed for establishing isotherms yielded data reflecting the reaction of AH antibodies only. As a consequence, the use of these isotherms will identify AH antibodies.
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