Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Fanta.
In vitro autoradiography was used to study the effect of a 5% benzoyl peroxide preparation, or its gel base alone. After three weeks' local application, there was no change in the labelling index of epidermis or follicular infundibulum, while there was a significant reduction in the labelling index of the sebaceous glands. Treatment with the base alone brought about no change.
Skin specimens of patients suffering from actinic comedones, young patients with acne vulgaris, and normal controls of the same age groups respectively were subjected to in vitro autoradiography. From the results it can be concluded, that a rise in the proliferational activity in the follicular infundibulum due to actinic stimuli is responsible for the development and growth of actinic comedones.
63 patients suffering from predominantly papulo-pustular acne vulgaris were treated with 5-10% benzoyl peroxidegel over a period of 2-4 months. The skin condition showed marked improvement in 80% of the patients. Two patients developed cutaneous allergy. Benzoyl peroxide is the therapy of choice for the inflammatory form of acne vulgaris. Systemic tetracyclines need not be given concomitantly. Autoradiographic studies revealed that benzoyl peroxide also has a truly sebostatic effect.
The epidemiology and clinical features of diseases caused by the herpes simplex virus, are reviewed and recent results are discussed which give an insight into the complex mechanism of primary and chronic, recurrent HSV-1 infections. Immunological reactions in HSV infection and data concerning the oncogenic potential of HSV-1 and -2 are dealt with. Furthermore, current therapeutic possibilities are outlined.
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Several pathogenetic factors contribute to the development of acne vulgaris. These include genetic predisposition, hormonal influences, increasing sebaceous secretion, bacterial colonization of the follicle and keratinization defects in the follicular epithelium. Modern acne therapy can take specific forms on the basis of recent research on pathogenesis. Sebostatic therapy can be performed by the topical application of benzoyl peroxide or the systemic administration of hormones (oestrogens, antiandrogens). Local treatment with retinoic has proved optimal in achieving a comedolytic effect. Moreover, the long-term use of antibiotics--tetracyclines, erythromycin systemically or benzoyl peroxide topically--is beneficial in respect to a reduction in Propionibacterium acnes. Experiments with immunological therapy are still in the early stages. Optimum results are obtained by the rational combination of several therapeutic modalities adapted to the type of acne to be treated.
In order to compare the state of immunity of HSV-2 infected animals with their sham treated counterparts, several in vivo methods for cell-mediated immunity in addition to the stimulation in vitro of mouse splenocytes with PHA were performed. The grafting of C 3 H mice with heterologous skin and the paw test with PHA showed no noticeable difference between the two groups. The tuberculin test performed on guinea pigs infected via the footpads, permitted the detection of a slightly impaired reactivity of the virus-infected animals. The PHA assay in vitro showed reduced stimulation indices with cultures of splenocytes from virus-infected mice about 10 days p.i. These reduced stimulation indices are the result of 1. a low 3 HTdR incorporation by the PHA stimulated cultures and 2. of a relatively high 3 HTdR uptake by the unstimulated control cultures. An interpretation of these results is suggested. Finally, the possible implications of a shortlived impaired cell-mediated immunity on the tumour enhancing property of the HSV-2 infection, which has been described in previous publications, are discussed.
A group of women suffering from acne vulgaris or post-pubertal acne was selected for a trial of anti-androgen treatment on the basis of suspected concomitant endocrine disorder from the case history. A satisfactory response to anti-androgen treatment was obtained in 80% of these subjects. The serum testosterone levels, which were slightly elevated or within the normal range prior to therapy, decreased significantly in response to anti-androgen treatment with an oral contraceptive of the combined type containing cyproterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol. The highest rate of response was observed in patients with post-pubertal acne resistant to conventional therapy.
Strains of P.a. were isolated from seborrheic filaments from 11 persons and investigated according to their production of porphyrins. After growing the organisms during a 5 resp. 10 days cultivation period on solid as well as in liquid culture medium the quantity and quality of the bacterial porphyrins were determined. There existed intense variations in quantity not only when the special strains were compared with each other but also when the same strains were treated with different preparations. The porphyrin-spectrum, as demonstrated by thin-layer-chromatography, showed porphyrins with 2--8 carboxyclic groups, the coproporphyrin standing out in most cases as the most intense band.
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The neutralizing antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 were determined in the sera of 128 patients. Infection was detectable in nearly 100% of the cases in each of the three investigated groups (patients with carcinoma of the cervix, female patients with chronic recurrent HSV infection in the genital area and a control group without and history of HSV infection). The percentage of patients displaying HSV-2 antibodies in the group with carcinoma of the cervix (38%) is significantly higher than in the control group (12%). The results are compared with the findings of other authors and the possible causal significance of HSV in carcinogenesis is discussed.
Various classifications of recurrent aphthous ulcers, their differential diagnosis, especially the herpetic ulcers of the oral mucous membranes, are discussed. The clinical and histological pictures show three variants, the minor form, the major form or periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens (Sutton), and the herpetiforme aphthous ulcers. Recent investigations discussing the etiology of these ulcers assume that an auto-antigen might be responsible for the immuno-pathological mechanism. This auto-antigen is supposed to be formed by the contamination of the oral mucosa with microorganisms, particularly streptococci.
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100 basal cell epitheliomas were surveyed for the presence of cytoid bodies by histological and histochemical techniques. By this means a differentiation of the following structures was possible: 1. Elastic globes were present in 32 specimens. Their localisation corresponded in part to the typical subepidermal situation, but invasive tumor growth resulted in their translocation into the deeper corium. 2. Civatte bodies were found in the dermoepidermal junction area in 16 cases. Similar structures were present within the tumor cell islands of 37 patients. 3. Russel bodies could be observed within the inflammatory peritumoral infiltrate containing numerous plasma cells in 30 specimens. 4. Clumpy or ovoid deposits of amyloid were present within the stroma of 41 epitheliomas, whereas no amyloid was found in the tumor cell islands.
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Of 240 patients treated with 1% tromantadine hydrochloride ointment, 20 showed local irritation, of which 12 were due to contact allergy as demonstrated by patch testing.
A report is given on a 33-year-old female with periorbital changes of the skin; based upon histological and immunofluorescence-optical examinations, the diagnosis of a chronic lupus erythematodes could be made. Following direct infiltration with a crystalline suspension of corticosteroids prompt improvement of the lesions was observed.