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D Cole

Publications and source records attributed to D Cole.

117 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid residues in semen of Ontario farmers.

Although paternal exposures to environmental toxicants probably play a role in adverse pregnancy outcomes, few data are available on the extent of this exposure. One semen and two 24-h urine samples were collected from 97 Ontario farmers who had recently used the phenoxy herbicides 2,4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and/or MCPA ([4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyl acetic acid). Both samples were analyzed for 2,4-D using an immunoassay-based technique. Approximately 50% of the semen samples had detectable levels of 2, 4-D (> or =5.0 pph (ng/mL)). Semen levels of 2.4-D were correlated more closely with the second of the two urine samples. Although several studies have measured 2.4-D in the urine of applicators, this study is the first to attempt to measure 2,4-D levels in semen. As these pesticides can be excreted in the semen, they could be toxic to sperm cells and be transported to the woman and developing embryo/fetus. Further research is needed to understand how pesticide handling practices can affect semen pesticide residues and the relationship between the levels observed and reproductive health.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measuring disability of the upper extremity: a rationale supporting the use of a regional outcome measure.

OBJECTIVE: Many existing upper extremity outcome measures have been designed for a specific anatomic site (e.g., shoulder) or a specific disease entity (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome). The purpose of this paper is to examine whether questionnaire items taken from very specific measures are considered relevant only to that specific region or are applicable to the whole extremity. METHODS: Fifteen practicing clinicians categorized a sample of 132 items from existing questionnaires according to whether the items reflected disability specific to an anatomic site or were relevant to the whole extremity. RESULTS: Seventy-two percent of the items were categorized as relevant to the extremity as a whole, while only 21% of the items were categorized as specific to an anatomic site. CONCLUSION: Items in existing specific upper extremity questionnaires are also relevant to other regions and conditions. This finding is in agreement with kinesiologic and biomechanical theories that the upper extremity acts as a single functional unit. Questionnaires designed for the whole extremity could provide a more practical and still valid measure of upper extremity disability.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selection and management of central venous access devices in the home setting.

In the last decade new central venous access devices (CVADs) inserted for long-term therapy have replaced conventional peripheral venous access devices. This shift contributes to the need for additional education as technological advances result in additional options for central venous access. Healthcare's transition from the hospital to a community-based system has increased the use of CVADs in the home setting. Issues that confront the patient with a CVAD in the home setting must be examined more closely than ever before.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The mercury emergency and Hamilton school children: a follow-up analysis.

In September 1993, children broke into a laboratory in an abandoned scrap metal recycling plant in Hamilton and removed mercury and other materials from the site. They began distribution of the mercury to their peers but this activity was halted once an emergency response was established. This paper focuses on the identification and assessment of children exposed to mercury and the use of Epi Info 6 in the analysis. Approximately 6,000 children were screened and 269 children identified as being exposed or at risk of exposure. We found that distribution of mercury within the school system was swift. Children exhibited a number of risky behaviours with mercury. There were no significant gender differences in these behaviours. The majority of children involved were 10 to 13 years of age. No child exhibited health effects from exposure.

Adolescent↗