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Biomedical subjects

D C Moore

Publications and source records attributed to D C Moore.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Plasma prolactin and cortisol concentrations in epileptic patients during the night.

Plasma cortisol and prolactin concentrations were determined every four hours, from 8 PM to 8 AM, in 19 epileptic patients during EEG recording of sleep. Data were compared with those obtained from 12 healthy young male volunteers studied under similar conditions. Patients had normal cortisol rhythm, with peak levels at 4 AM or 8 AM and trough at midnight. A sleep-related increase in prolactin concentration was observed in all patients. The range of prolactin concentrations in the patients was also normal. Treatment with valproic acid (ten patients) and frequent abnormal EEG discharges (five patients) did not affect cortisol and prolactin secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Tardive dyskinesia. A discontinuation study.

Twenty-one nonschizophrenic and 12 schizophrenic outpatients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) were followed up for a mean of 12.0 and 8.6 months, respectively, following discontinuation of neuroleptic therapy. Of the 33 patients, only one demonstrated complete reversal of TD. Cumulative survival curves of the length of time to first improvement (reduction in movement ratings by 50% of baseline) did not differ between the two groups. The median time to first improvement was seven months. If a patient can be kept off of a neuroleptic regimen for 18 months, the estimated probability of showing a 50% reduction in movement is 87.2%. In the nonschizophrenic group, depressed mood was negatively correlated with severity of abnormal movements.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Galactorrhea secondary to chest wall surgery in an adolescent.

Although nonpuerperal galactorrhea in youth may be a sign of pituitary prolactinoma, the etiology may be benign and extensive neurologic or endocrinologic evaluation and treatment may be unnecessary. An 18-year-old female with an unusual but benign form of transient galactorrhea due to chest wall surgery is reported. It is hypothesized that the sectioning of the intercostal nerves may result in reflex stimulation of hypothalamic centers controlling lactation through the same neural pathways involved in puerperal lactation. The patient experienced galactorrhea for two months and transient amenorrhea. She is asymptomatic without galactorrhea at nine months follow up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Perinatal factors that influence the incidence of subependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage in low birthweight infants.

A total of 95 preterm infants, delivered consecutively in a perinatal center, over a 9-month period, were studied serially with real-time ultrasound for detection of subependymal/intraventricular hemorrhage (SEH/IVH); all infants were less than or equal to 32-week gestation and/or less than or equal to 1500 gm birthweight. Detailed statistical analysis was carried out to determine the influence of perinatal factors on the occurrence of SEH/IVH. The incidence of SEH/IVH was 34%; severe hemorrhage (Grade III-IV) occurred in only 13%. Gestational age was an important factor associated with SEH/IVH. Thus, the incidence in infants less than or equal to 29-weeks gestation was 45%, whereas in infants greater than 29-weeks gestation age, it was 19% (p less than 0.01). The overall incidence of SEH/IVH in the group which was less than or equal to 29-weeks gestation and delivered by cesarean section was 53%, whereas in those infants delivered vaginally it was 47%. In infants whose gestational age was less than or equal to 29-weeks, the incidence of hemorrhage was 47% if delivered vaginally and presenting as a vertex and 31% if delivered by cesarean section. In infants greater than 29-weeks gestation, the incidence of SEH/IVH was 42% in those delivered by the vaginal vertex route, 5% if presentation was vertex and delivered by cesarean section (p less than 0.05). In infants greater than 29-weeks gestation, cesarean section in vertex presentation decreased the incidence of SEH/IVH when compared with vaginal vertex delivery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1984

Hormonal changes during puberty: V. Transient pubertal gynecomastia: abnormal androgen-estrogen ratios.

The plasma profiles of 8 hormones were followed over the course of prepuberty and puberty in 30 adolescent males who developed gynecomastia and 24 who did not. Throughout puberty, ratios of delta 4-androstenedione to estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) were significantly lower in the gynecomastia group than in the control group. Similarly, ratios of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate to E1 and E2 were significantly lower in the gynecomastia group. In contrast, ratios of plasma testosterone to E1 and E2 as well as plasma progesterone and PRL concentrations, were similar in both groups. Because of the adrenal origin of dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate, and of peripheral conversion of adrenal androgens to E1 and to E2, it appears that either decreased adrenal production of androgens and/or increased conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and delta 4-androstenedione to estrogens cause transient gynecomastia in adolescent boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The relationship of circulating estradiol to tardive dyskinesia in men and postmenopausal women.

In order to assess the relationship between tardive dyskinesia (TD) and baseline circulating concentrations of estradiol, prolactin and homovanillic acid, we studied 43 outpatient men and postmenopausal women on chronic antipsychotic medication. Serum estradiol did not correlate with severity of TD, antipsychotic medication dose, serum prolactin or plasma HVA. Multiple regression analysis indicated a significant relationship between plasma HVA and severity of TD in postmenopausal women. These findings support the hypothesis that estrogen might serve a protective role against neuroleptic-induced striatal dopamine pathology.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1983

Tardive dyskinesia and plasma homovanillic acid.

Using 61 patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) and 25 normal controls, we explored the possibility that plasma HVA may reflect alterations in central dopamine activity or clinical aspects of TD. There were no significant differences between the two groups in plasma HVA level. Analyses of variance with age and sex as independent variables revealed that the major variance in plasma HVA was accounted for by age in both TD patients (p less than 0.001) and normals (p less than 0.049). Examining the TD patients alone, using multiple regression analysis, revealed that age, neuroleptic dose, and severity of TD accounted for 40% of the variance in plasma HVA in males, with age alone accounting for 28%. By comparison, females showed no association to neuroleptic dose or severity, and age only accounted for 8.9%. When severity of TD was the criterion variable, neuroleptic dose, plasma HVA, and age accounted for 20% of the variance in severity in female TD patients and showed no relationship in males. Possible implications of these differing findings in male and female TD patients are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Anatomy of the intercostal nerve: its importance during thoracic surgery.

Complications from attempts to block the intercostal nerves intraneurally before closure of a thoracotomy have resulted in hypotension with or without spinal block. Placement of a chest tube has resulted in transection of the intercostal nerve. The first of these complications can be avoided by not attempting intraneural block of the nerves intrathoracically. Avoidance of the latter requires careful dissection of the intercostal spaces and identification of the intercostal nerve, as opposed to stab insertion of a chest tube.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Plasma somatomedin-C as a screening test for growth hormone deficiency in children and adolescents.

Random plasma somatomedin-C (SM-C) levels were measured in 143 children and adolescents with growth at or below the 5th percentile. 124 patients had short stature due to constitutional delay or genetic predisposition and 19 patients were growth hormone deficient (GHD). When analyzed according to bone age, mean somatomedin-C levels rose gradually with increasing bone age in non-GHD patients, while there was no change with increasing bone age in GHD patients. All patients with SM-C levels less than 0.05 U/ml underwent growth hormone testing to rule out GHD. This criterion resulted in 52% accuracy in identifying non-GHD patients and 100% accuracy in identifying GHD patients. Comparison of the SM-C test with the exercise GH screening test demonstrated the advantage of greater convenience for the SM-C test, and comparable cost effectiveness despite a lower specificity associated with the SM-C test. SM-C levels were not predictive of peak growth hormone response nor could they be used to differentiate constitutional delay of growth and maturation from genetic short stature.

Adolescent↗