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Biomedical subjects

D C Moore

Publications and source records attributed to D C Moore.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The evaluation of a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic for use in grafting long-bone diaphyseal defects.

The effectiveness of a sintered hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) ceramic in bridging large diaphyseal defects in the canine ulna was studied. One-hundred percent morselized HA-TCP, a 50:50 mixture of morselized HA-TCP, and autogenous cancellous bone, and 100% autogenous cancellous bone were used to bridge 2.5-cm defects in the left ulnae of three groups of six dogs each. At 24 weeks the ulnae were explanted and studied by radiography, microradiography, mechanical testing, and histology. Pure HA/TCP was not osteoinductive, and four of six ulnae in this group progressed to a fibrous nonunion. The HA/TCP-cancellous bone mixture and pure cancellous bone were approximately equal in effect, leading to good callus formation at 4 weeks and strong bony union by 24 weeks, with no evidence of bioincompatibility. Morselized HA/TCP promises to be useful as a graft extender when mixed with autogenous cancellous bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Prolonged suppression of hirsutism with combination therapy in an adolescent with insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans.

Spironolactone and oral contraceptives have been used separately with some success in the treatment of hirsutism. Hirsutism associated with the Kahn type-A syndrome of insulin resistance, acanthosis nigricans, and polycystic ovaries may be severe and refractory to conventional treatment. In view of their different sites and mechanisms of action, spironolactone and an oral contraceptive were used in combination to treat severe hirsutism in a 13-year-old girl with features of this syndrome. The two therapeutic agents, apparently acting together, resulted in a marked reduction in facial hair and serum androgen concentrations, which persisted during 18 months of treatment. Testosterone and androstenedione levels fell from 100 ng/dl and 628 ng/dl, respectively, to 47 ng/dl and 230 ng/dl by six months and to 35 ng/dl and 156 ng/dl by 18 months. This result suggests that combination therapy may be an effective treatment for severe hirsutism.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1987

Effect on rat embryos of in vitro culture in sera from human diabetic patients.

Recently conditions have been established whereby rat embryos can be cultured in vitro in human serum over the period of their major morphogenesis. By standardizing the amount of glucose in sera from diabetic subjects prior to culture, it has been possible to investigate factors other than hyperglycemia which might account for the increased incidence of congenital defects seen in infants of diabetic mothers. The incidence of abnormalities in rat embryos cultured in sera from chlorpropamide-treated diabetics was not significantly different from that using control sera from normal subjects. On the other hand, sera from insulin-dependent diabetics produced more defects in rat embryos than sera from either normal subjects or diabetics on oral agents. The incidence of abnormal rat embryos does not appear to be correlated with patient age, with the original blood glucose concentration or with the concentration of hemoglobin A1 or, in the insulin group, with the total daily insulin dosage.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Morphometric analyses of changes in cell shape in the neuroepithelium of mammalian embryos.

During neurulation the elevation of the neural folds is accompanied by, and thought to be partly driven by, changes in the shapes of the neuroepithelial cells. This paper explores the use of form factors for the measurement of changes in cell shape during normal and perturbed neural fold elevation in rat embryos; it is the first attempt to quantify changes in the shapes of cells during neurulation in mammalian embryos. Rat embryos at 9.9 days of gestation, when the neural epithelium is a biconvex plate, and at 10.4 days of gestation, when the cervical neural epithelium has formed the neural tube and when the cephalic neural folds have elevated but not fused, were used. In addition, embryos in which the cephalic neural folds had been caused to re-open by culture in saline with low calcium were examined. Embryos were fixed and then fractured across the neural axis. A montage of the fractured edge of the neuroepithelium was prepared from a series of scanning electron micrographs. Cells of the neuroepithelium were classified according to the shapes of their profiles as rectangular, round, apically tapered, basally tapered or spindle-shaped, the last three categories being considered as 'tapered'. The outlines of the cells were digitised using a computer-linked graphics tablet to provide estimations of the perimeters (p) and areas (a) of the cell profiles, and the form factors, f. of the cell profiles were calculated by f = 4 pi a/p2. This factor is a unitless ratio which is unity for a circle and less than unity for any other shape. It provides a measure of the efficiency with which a perimeter encloses an area, and thus indicates the degree of deformation of a shape from circular. From 9.9 to 10.4 days the cervical neuroepithelium shows a decrease in the percentage of rectangular cells and an increase in the percentage of spindle-shaped cells. The mean form factors of cells in the apically tapered and spindle-shaped categories decrease, showing that these cells are more elongated and tapered in later embryos. When embryos at 10.4 days are cultured in saline with low calcium the elevated cephalic neural folds collapse. Concomitantly the percentage of round cells in the cephalic neural folds increases and the percentage of apically tapered and spindle-shaped cells decrease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the child with growth retardation.

Although growth retardation usually has a nonpathologic cause, it can be the primary symptom of a number of underlying organic disease. The family physician can evaluate growth retardation with confidence by using the history and physical examination, screening tests, comparisons of chronologic age, bone age and height age, and prior anthropometric measurements.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1986

Tremor and tardive dyskinesia.

A retrospective review of charts for the prevalence of tremor in patients with tardive dyskinesia revealed that 10% of 232 patients with a diagnosis of tardive dyskinesia also had parkinson-like tremor. No demographic or clinical risk factors for this tremor could be identified. The body areas affected by tremor are described, and it is suggested that tremor occurring in areas other than the wrist may pose a problem in differential diagnosis of patients with tardive dyskinesia. Changes in tremor and tardive dyskinesia after alterations in medication dose are reported, and recommendations for management are given.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1986

Calcium requirement for neural fold elevation in rat embryos.

To investigate the calcium requirement for the maintenance of the elevation of the neural folds in mammalian embryos 10.4-day-old-rat embryos, at a stage when the cephalic neural folds had elevated but not yet fused, were cultured in salines containing different concentrations of calcium. At 3 x 10(-3) M calcium the neural folds remained intact. As the concentration of calcium was reduced the elevated cephalic neural folds re-opened, flattened and then, at 10(-5) M calcium, collapsed. Replacement of calcium by strontium at 5 x 10(-3) M did not prevent the collapse of the cephalic neural folds, although at higher concentrations strontium partially prevented the collapse of the neural folds. In the cervical region most of the neuroepithelial cells were apically tapered. In intact cephalic neural folds nearly half of the cells were apically tapered. In cephalic neural folds which had been induced to collapse by culture in saline with low calcium there was an increase in the proportion of round cells and a decrease in the proportion of apically tapered cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The treatment of tardive dyskinesia with baclofen.

Thirty-one psychiatric outpatients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) on neuroleptic medication were followed in a double-blind, randomized trial comparing baclofen (30-90 mg per day) to placebo. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed no statistical difference between the baclofen-treated group and the placebo group for the total Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores. There was a trend (P = 0.09) for an initial improvement, then a worsening of frequency counts across four visits. The authors attempt to explain this finding on the basis of information obtained from animal research.

Adolescent↗