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Biomedical subjects

D Aubert

Publications and source records attributed to D Aubert.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The distribution of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus by age, sex, secular trend, seasonality, time clusters, and space-time clusters: evidence from Montreal, 1971-1983.

The etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus remains obscure. In an attempt to clarify some aspects of the epidemiology, including its compatibility with an acute infectious process, the authors undertook in-depth analyses of childhood cases accumulated in a population-based register in Montreal during the period from 1971-1983. Incidence rates increased with age until puberty, at which point they plateaued and decreased. There was no overall difference in incidence between males and females; however, the rate for females peaked approximately two years before the rate for males. While there was some variation over time, there was no evidence of a long-term trend, nor was the yearly variation impressive in magnitude. The findings further indicate that the disease is not characterized by explosive outbreaks. There was slight seasonality, with a 28% higher rate of onset in fall and winter than in spring and summer. There was some evidence of space-time clustering in 1971-1973, but not thereafter. Taken as a whole, these findings do not support the hypothesis that a significant portion of insulin-dependent diabetes is caused by an acute infectious process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Primary testicular tumors in children. Apropos of 23 cases].

23 cases of primary testicular tumors (TT) were observed in 6 different French divisions of Pediatric Surgery during a 10 year period. This series combined with a survey of the literature serve to stress the rarity of such tumors in boys under the age of 15 years. Yolk sac tumors are the most frequent ones (40%), followed by teratomas (32.5%) which, in children and in this localization, are almost always benign tumors of nongerminal origin, in particular rhabdomyosarcomas and tumors of sexual cords, represent 22% of an TT. They are different from what is observed in adults, in whom the most frequent tumors are seminomas, embryonal carcinomas and teratocarcinomas. Most testicular tumors reveal themselves as unilateral testicular masses. High serum alpha-foeto-protein is specific to yolk sac tumors and its post-operative surveillance is mandatory. Scrotal ultrasonography constitutes the main investigation in view of diagnosis and also serves to detect less evident tumors in case of precocious puberty, gynecomastia. Since lymphatic invasions are unusual in children, surgical exploration of the retro-peritoneal space is no longer considered necessary for the stagging and is replaced nowadays by ultrasonography and CT scan. In case of teratomas and others benign tumors, high inguinal orchiectomy is sufficient; in certain cases (well-delineated and superficial tumor in single-testis), tumorectomy alone is possible. As concerns Yolk sac tumors, the addition of chemotherapy from the age of 2, cures more than 90% of stage I tumors; radiotherapy is necessary when it comes to stage II or III. As for testicular rhabdomyosarcomas, in which prognosis is better than in others areas, the combination of surgery, chemotherapy and perhaps radiotherapy is able to cure from 80 to 90% of them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Advantages and disadvantages of peroperative isotopic localization in the excision of osteoid osteoma. Considerations apropos of 6 cases].

We have excised six cases of osteoid osteoma in children, by using intra-operative accurate radioactive localization. The value of this technique is considerable and allows a better localization of the lesion. Exact detection and elective excision are the two advantages of this technique. We are reporting these case and describing the equipment being used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Panmedullary ependymoma with complete excision in several stages. Apropos of a case].

Treatment of a panmedullary ependymoma involved a three-stage operation with total excision under microscopic control and the use of the Cavitron. The patient, a 22 year old woman, presented with a three-year history, with clinical onset of staged spinal pain and cervicobrachial neuralgia, of spasmodic paraparesis with sensory and sphincter disturbances. The extent of the lesion from C3 to L2 was determined from data from conventional myelography with Iopamiron, a CT scan with intrathecal contrast and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of sagittal and frontal sections. The tumor, a grade I ependymoma, was treated by three-stage laminectomies (L2-T12, T12-T3, T3-C3), total excision being obtained by ultrasound fragmentation (Cavitron). Gross pathology showed a heterogeneous appearance with two cysts, one capping the tumor from the bulbospinal junction to C3, the other attached to the medullary cone. Hemorrhagic cavities were noted at cervicothoracic region and multiple microcysts in the dorsal expansion. The postoperative course was uneventful with recovery of walking wearing a bivalve acrylic corset, the most disturbing functional complication being the posterior cord syndrome responsible for an ataxia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Quality of response in different population groups in mail and telephone surveys.

Mail and telephone survey methods, with follow-up by other methods, can provide high response rates. However, it is not clear whether different population groups provide responses of different quality, thus creating risk of biased comparisons. A closely related problem is whether proxy response adequately substitutes for self-response. This study addressed these issues in the context of parallel mail and telephone health surveys carried out in Montreal. In the telephone survey, proxy respondents provided lower estimates of morbidity and health care utilization than self-respondents; in the mail survey, there was no difference between proxy and self-response. Response validity was assessed by comparing reported physician visits with those recorded by the government-run universal health insurance plan. In general, mail responses were more valid than telephone responses. In both methods, there were suggestive but not persuasive differences in validity among sociodemographic subgroups. In both methods, those reporting illness or medication use had less underreporting of physician visits than those not reporting such things.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Daily rectal bleeding caused by venous angiodysplasia of the rectum].

The authors report a case of venous angiodysplasia of the rectum in a child. This 5 years old boy presented rectal bleeding about each day. The treatment was abdomino-anal pull through resection of the rectum. The localisation of this malformation is quite exceptional in the literature.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Vesical instability and reflux: frequent pathogenic association].

Of 175 children from 4 to 15 years with reflux, 62 (35%) have uninhibited bladder associated. In the association, the reflux is frequently bilateral and grade 2. Uninhibited bladder contractions may predispose to vesico-ureteral reflux when the orifice is abnormal. So some reflux would appear only continence age just as incoordination between bladder and urinary sphincter can produce pathophysiologically significant obstruction. The anticholinergics drugs don't improve few reflux evolution and may even emphasize. The uninhibited bladder pathology has no effect anatomical reimplantation quality but decrease often functional results: remnants mictionary disorders and lower recurrent infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Vesico-sphincteric dysfunction in children. Apropos of 85 cases, neurologic contexts excluded].

The authors have evaluated the dysfonctional patterns of low urological tract in 85 children between 3 and 14 years old, without urinary malformations or neurologic disorders. The clinic, radiologic, endoscopic and urodynamic studies identified three most common voiding patterns abnormalities: --non inhibited bladder, --detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia during voiding, --bladder neck contracture. The three abnormalities obstructive dysfonction must be recognized before vesico-renal reflux or chronic cystitis treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Separation of pygopagous Siamese twins].

The successful separation of pygopagous twins is described. The sacrum formed a common canal since S 1 to coccyx with two medullary cords side to side and diastematomyelia with, at this level, two dural sacks. In each baby there was small atrophy in one lower limb. There were two opposite vulvovaginal ducts and two recto-perineal fistules.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1981

[Fractures of the anterolateral tubercle of the distal tibial epiphysis in adolescence (author's transl)].

The authors have observed this type of fracture in 5 adolescents. They describe the etiology and the mechanism of trauma by internal rotation of the tibia combined with eversion of the foot. These fractures create a tibio-fibular diastasis and disrupt the articular surface. It is concluded that conservative treatment is not satisfactory and that the bone fragments should be fixed accurately by screwing, using an anterolateral approach.

Adolescent↗