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Biomedical subjects

C Martin

Publications and source records attributed to C Martin.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Peculiarly slow development of several acoustic neuromas. Management].

Thirteen patients presented with neurinomas of particularly slow evolution, including 5 cases with a history of over 20 years chronicity. These cases appear to be more common after 60 years of age and correspond often to stage I and II tumors. The decision to operate to resect the tumors is a difficult one to make, particularly in the bilateral forms.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of a zinc phosphate suspension of a long-acting somatostatin analog on postprandial plasma glucose, triglyceride and glucagon concentrations in alloxan diabetic dogs.

The effects of a zinc phosphate suspension of a long-acting, reportedly selective somatostatin analog, Des-Ala1,Gly2 [His4,5,D-Try]-somatostatin (100 micrograms/kg) on postprandial plasma glucose, glucagon, xylose and triglyceride levels were evaluated in alloxan diabetic dogs. Compared to the analog in aqueous solution, the zinc phosphate suspension had a more gradual onset of action in suppressing plasma glucose and xylose levels but a similar onset of action on suppression of plasma triglyceride and glucagon responses. On all these responses, the zinc suspension had a duration of action (greater than 6 hrs) at least three times as long as the aqueous solution. We conclude that such a somatostatin analog in zinc phosphate suspension may have a sufficient duration of action to be useful as an adjunct to insulin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Regulation of expression and nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli dapD gene.

Regulation of the Escherichia coli dapD gene involved in diaminopimelate and lysine biosynthesis was unknown as no convenient enzymatic assay was available until recently. This gene was cloned into pBR322 from a lambda transducing phage; its complete nucleotide sequence was established. This sequence shows that the dapD gene is composed of a single cistron encoding a 274-amino acid polypeptide, Mr 30,040. Enzymatic activity measurements show that this gene encodes the tetrahydrodipicolinate N-succinyltransferase which catalyzes the third step of the specific lysine-diaminopimelate pathway. The transcriptional start of the dapD gene was localized; the identified promoter signals are weak compared to those from the E. coli promoter consensus sequence. The dapD gene-coding sequence is followed by a typical rho-independent transcriptional termination sequence. A study using an operon fusion constructed in vitro between the dapD promoter and the galK structural gene indicated that dapD gene expression is repressed by lysine; no attenuation-like sequence can be found to account for this regulation. At the present time, out of the 9 genes involved in diaminopimelate and lysine biosynthesis, 6 are known to be lysine regulated.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1984

Giant inhibitory miniature currents in crayfish muscle in the presence and absence of extracellular sodium and serotonin.

At opener muscles of the claw, or first walking leg of small crayfish, giant spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (gsIPSCs) were recorded. In some experiments, the rate by which they occurred could be enhanced by application of 1 mumol/l serotonin (5-HT). The largest gsIPSCs seen were at least up to ten-fold larger than normal inhibitory miniature currents. Picrotoxin (10 mumol/l) reversibly abolished the gsIPSCs. Tetrodotoxin (0.1 mumol/l) or withdrawal of Na+ from the superfusion did not abolish gsIPSCs. Decay time constants of gsIPSCs, tau(gsIPSCs), were about two-fold larger than those of nerve evoked IPSCs and of normal inhibitory miniature currents. In Na+-free superfusion tau(gsIPSCs) was larger by a factor of about 1.8 than in normal superfusion, which might be a result of inhibition of a Na+-dependent transport process for inhibitory transmitter by removal of Na+ from the incubation medium.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Astronomical observations with the FAUST telescope.

The far-ultraviolet space telescope (FAUST) was flown on Spacelab 1 to provide wide-field imaging in the wavelength range 1300 to 1800 angstroms. Most of the developed film showed high levels of background exposure. Frames with a lower background included exposures of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant and an exposure in the direction of the galaxy cluster Abell 2634. Several exposures will be used in a search for hot white dwarf stars.

Astronomy↗
PubMed1984

Volatile nitrosamines in the main stream smoke of black tobacco.

The cigarettes studied are smoked through an automatic device. The mainstream smoke is trapped in Citrate-Phosphate buffer pH 4.5 containing 20 mM ascorbic acid. The volatile nitrosamines are extracted in dichloromethane, purified on alumina column, then analysed by gas-chromatography with a thermal energy analyzer (TEA) detector. The two main volatile nitrosamines quantified are: Nitrosodimethylamine and Nitrosopyrrolidine.

Nitrosamines↗
PubMed1984

The early period of experimental Mendelson's syndrome in dogs with PaCO2 and pH in a normal range.

In 9 dogs the first 240 min of experimental Mendelson's syndrome were studied. To minimise hemodynamic alterations, the PaCO2 and pH were kept within the normal range. An increase in pulmonary artery pressure, Qs/Qt and a decrease in PaO2 were demonstrated. Diminution of heart rate and cardiac index were associated with the decrease of systemic oxygen transport. The first 30 min appeared as a para-sympathetic syndrome, the remainder of the experiment as a hypovolemic syndrome. Severe hypoxia was observed during the two periods.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Surgery and circulating antiprothrombinase-type anticoagulant in the Soulier-Boffa syndrome].

A case is reported of a young female patient with a circulating lupus anticoagulant. The illness, associated with several spontaneous abortions, is characterized as a "Soulier and Boffa syndrome". No severe bleeding occurred when she underwent several major operations. The clinical picture of lupus anticoagulant is discussed, as well as the perioperative management of such patients. The presence of a lupus anticoagulant, if not associated with other hemostatic defects, is not a contraindication to surgery. The risks and benefits of postoperative heparinization are recalled. Thrombin time seems to be the best coagulation test for adapting heparin doses.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1984

[Prolonged catheterization of the radial artery. Prospective evaluation of the thrombogenic and infectious risk].

The rates of thrombosis and infection were studied in 102 patients who underwent 107 radial artery cannulations. A Leader cath, ORX cannula (Vygon) was placed using Seldinger's method. It was continuously perfused with an heparinized 5% dextrose solution via an Intraflo fixed upon an arterial catheter. The cannulae were used for arterial pressure monitoring and measuring arterial blood gases. Before removing the catheter, a forearm arteriography was realized with 20 ml Hexabrix. Bacterial examination and culture were carried out on the cannula tips. 70 men and 32 women (mean age: 50 +/- 17 years) were studied. Mean duration of cannulation was 9 +/- 7 days (range: 1-34 days). Complete or partial radial artery thrombosis occurred in 85%. Complete thrombosis occurred more frequently in women (84%) than in men (54%) (p less than 0.05). There was no correlation between thrombosis and duration of cannulation (9.9 +/- days for thrombosis and 7.9 +/- 4.3 days without thrombosis). Bacterial cultures of cannula tips were positive in 24% of cannulations. Pathogenic bacilli grew in only 9%. Infected cannulas were in situ for 9.9 +/- 7 days against 8.9 +/- 6.7 days for the non-infected cannulas (NS). There was no correlation between infection and radial artery thrombosis. The use of another material (silicone, Teflon) must be studied in order to decrease the occurrence of thrombosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of several alimentary fats on serum lipids during long-term stabilized diets.

The intake of a stable diet during 25 months by 68 women living in a closed religious community allowed us to study the effects of various alimentary fats on the serum lipids. Thus we could observe the consequences of the quantitatively and qualitatively different fatty acids in the diet, while the total quantity of lipids and the other constituents of the dietary intake were unaltered. The serum total cholesterol and apoprotein B levels are correlated with the P/S ratio of the diet; on the contrary, the serum HDL cholesterol and apoprotein A levels are not correlated with the fatty acid composition of the diet. The moderate supply in lipids (30% of the total caloric intake) and cholesterol (300 mg/day) maintained during this study corresponds to the usual dietary recommendations. Therefore, not very high levels of serum total cholesterol were observed, whichever vegetable oil was consumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Value of cefotaxime in gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Apropos of 3 developmental forms in neonates and infants].

Three cases of meningitis with E. coli and H. influenzae are reported. They illustrate the recrudescence and relapse in bacterial meningitis. After the failure of initial antibiotic therapy, the treatment by Cefotaxime allowed a good outcome in all the cases. On account of the bacteriological, pharmacological and clinical data the authors advise using Cefotaxime in first purpose in meningitis with common gram negative bacilli.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1984

[Injections of fibrin glue in severe epistaxis and Rendu-Osler disease].

Our experience of the control of epistaxis by "in situ" injections of tissucol is essentially based on the use of this procedure for the treatment of epistaxis associated with Rendu-Osler's disease. We reported our first trials of this technique at the meeting organised by Immuno France Laboratories in Bordeaux in November 1983. Since this time, our initial experience has been greatly enriched, with very good results. We have treated two unusual cases of very severe epistaxis which did not respond to any of the treatments administered. We feel that these special cases warrant being reported in order to demonstrate the value of this technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Binding capacity of sera from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to C3c. Evaluation by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Immunoconglutinins (IKs) are autoantibodies directed against antigenic determinants on C3 complement component. An ELISA was performed to detect IKs in sera from 50 RA patients, 50 SLE patients and 50 normal subjects. Comparison showed significantly higher levels in patients than in normal subjects (p less than 0.001) and higher IKs levels in RA than in SLE (p less than 0.001). IKs were not related to others biological tests, except a statistically significant inverse correlation between IKs and circulating immune complexes levels detected by conglutinin binding assay in RA.

Adult↗