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Biomedical subjects

C M Boyd

Publications and source records attributed to C M Boyd.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Gallium-67 citrate imaging in head and neck tumors: report of Cooperative Group.

This report summarizes the experiences of the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Cooperative Group with the scanning of head and neck cancer using carrier-free gallium-67 citrate. Central nervous system and thyroid tumors and lymphomas were excluded. Fifty-six percent of primary head and neck tumors and their metastases were detected in 65 patients. The detection rates for primary and metastatic lesions were similar. Results of 1306 scans on patients with many types of cancer and suspicion of head and neck involvement indicate that a positive gallium scan was associated with tumor involvement five to nine times as often as no tumor, but a negative scan cannot reliably rule out involvement. In head and neck tumors, both primary and metastatic, lesions over 3 cm in diameter had a significantly higher detection rate than smaller lesions. Previous radiation or surgery did not affect accuracy.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1979

Significance of protein-bound neuraminic acid levels in patients with prostatic and bladder carcinoma.

The role of plasma N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NANA) level in detection and staging prostatic and bladder carcinomas was evaluated. Multiple determinations were obtained in 73 male subjects, including normal controls, patients with prostatic or bladder carcinoma or with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Patients with prostatic or bladder carcinoma had significantly higher NANA levels than normal individuals. Further, in patients with prostatic carcinoma, NANA values correlated well with both the stage of the disease and the response to therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Diffuse pulmonary uptake of Indium-111 chloride in idiopathic myelofibrosis.

Unusual indium-111 accumulation and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the lungs of a patient with idiopathic myelofibrosis are described. The bone marrow scan taken 24 hours after intravenous injection of 111InCl3 faithfully depicted the abnormal distribution of marrow elements as assessed histologically at autopsy, thereby supporting the usefulness of 111InCl3 for marrow imaging.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Radionuclide lymphangiography in the evaluation of pediatric patients with lower-extremity edema: concis communication.

The results of 99mTc-sulfur colloid lymphangiography in seven pediatric patients with lower-extremity edema were reviewed. Three scintigraphic patterns were identified: (A) normal uptake in the ilioinguinal nodes bilaterally, found in edema as a result of extrinsic venous obstruction; (B) diffusely increased activity over the involved extremity, with decreased visualization of the ipsilateral ilioinguinal nodes, found in secondary lymphedema; and (c) markedly decreased uptake by the ilioinguinal nodes on the affected side, found in primary (idiopathic) lymphedema. These preliminary results suggest that radionuclide lymphangiography is a useful procedure in the evaluation of pediatric patients with limb swelling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The role of profundaplasty in revascularization of the lower extremity.

Profundaplasty has been performed on 112 limbs (88 primary and 24 secondary) in eighty-five men. Seventy-six limbs had incapacitating claudication, twenty-three rest pain, and thirteen either gangrene or ischemic ulceration. In thirty-six limbs treated by profundaplasty alone there were no deaths but five subsequently had amputation for ischemic pain. In the seventy-six limbs treated by profundaplasty plus other operative augmentation there were three operative deaths and one late death; three required further operative surgery and in four amputation was necessary. Oblique arteriographic films of the femoral area are essential for evaluation of the profunda femoris artery. Both radionuclide and Doppler pressure studies confirmed physical and arteriographic findings. The latter would appear superior because of ease of availability and cost. After profundaplasty alone and aortofemoral bypass there was a moderate increase in calf blood flow, but in only those with a patent superficial femoral artery did blood flow and pressure studies return to within normal limits. Profundaplasty is an important addition to the armamentarium of the vascular surgeon in dealing with arteriosclerotic insufficiency of the lower extremities.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of inulin, iothalamate, and 99mTc-DTPA for measurement of glomerular filtration rate.

Clearances of inulin, 125I-iothalamate, and 99mTc-Sn-DTPA were measured simultaneously in five mongrel dogs exhibiting a wide range of glomerular filtration rates (GFR). Standard constant-infusion inulin clearance was compared to radionuclide clearances after subcutaneous injection of the emitters mixed with aqueous epinephrine. All three substances were found to have virtually identical clearances. The accuracy, accessibility, low cost, low radiation hazard, and short half-life of 99mTc-Sn-DTPA make it an excellent substance for measuring GFR. The subcutaneous technique offers an accuracy comparable to the more difficult constant-infusion method.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Studies in diagnosis of choroidal melanoma: use of 67Gallium.

A series of clinically suspected malignant melanomas was used to test the usefulness of 67Gallium citrate using external counting techniques. The comparison was made with angiograms, 32P uptake, and clinical examinations. 67Gallium citrate uptkae proved to be an unreliable diagnostic tool with the described techniques. However, sufficient tissue concentration was obtained tin the tumor to suggest that improved probe counting systems with better resolution of ocular from extraocular tissue may allow this to become a useful technique in differentiating tumor from nontumor ocular pathology. A good indirect and direct ophthalmoscopic examination, along with periodic observation, were the most useful techniques for diagnosis in these cases. 32P uptake was extremely reliable (100%) and quite helpful in assuring the proper diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effects of drug vehicles on ocular contact time.

Radioactive sodium pentechnetate Tc 99m was added to commonly used ophthalmic drug vehicles of saline, 1% methyicellulose, 1.4% polyvinyl alcohol, and a 6:4 mixture of white petrolatum-mineral oil ointment. These drug vehicles containing 99m Tc were placed on both rabbit and human eyes and the rate of disappearance of the radioactivity determined. The ocular retention of 99m Tc by the eye was much longer in the nonblinking eye regardless of the vehicle used. The rate of loss of 99m Tc from the eye was fastest with saline and slowest with the ointment, with methylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol in between. The longest contact time of the drug vehicle with the eye is afforded by the use of the ointment vehicle and the covering of both eyes.

Absorption↗
PubMed1975

Protein-losing enteropathy in lymphoma of the small intestine.

A patient with crampy abdominal pain was found to have involvement of the jejunum and ileum with innumerable small polypoid filling defects. At laparotomy, dilated serosal lymphatics were seen, and a diagnosis of lymphoma was established on the basis of intestinal and lymph node biopsy. Later, he was determined to have protein-losing enteropathy, and this parameter was used to assess his response to chemotherapy directed at the lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Diagnostic value of renal imaging incidental to bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-phosphate compounds.

An assessment of the sensitivity and reliability of renal images obtained incidentally to bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-phosphate compounds is reported, and certain patterns of abnormalities associated with those renal images are described. Renal images in 119 bone scintigrams were reviewed and correlated retrospectively with radiographic procedures done within 2 weeks of the bone images. The detection rate for renal abnormalities was 97.4%; the "false-positive" rate was 8.6% and the "false-negative" rate was 2.6%. Abnormal renal images were categorized as (A) nonvisualization of one kidney (13 cases), (B) asymmetric uptake (11 cases), (C) focal decreased uptake (4 cases), (D) bilateral decreased uptake (6 cases), (E) focal increased uptake (4 cases), And (F) miscellaneous (6 cases). The first three categories were always associated with renal abnormalities. Bilaterally decreased uptake and focal increased uptake were not reliable in detecting disease. Extensive metastatic carcinoma of the prostate was noted in three of four patients with bilateral decreased uptake and normal intravenous pyelography. We conclude that renal imaging incidental to bone scintigraphy with phosphate compounds is a valuable diagnostic test. An understanding of the different patterns of abnormalities described should improve the overall reliability of the test.

Adult↗