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Biomedical subjects

C Janot

Publications and source records attributed to C Janot.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in man: in vitro activity of FTS-Zn on T-cell markers and functions.

Thymulin (FTS-Zn) is a synthetic metallo-nonapeptide similar to the serum factor of thymic origin FTS, which induces the maturation of lymphoid cells. The activity of this compound on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 12 bone marrow recipients was studied in vitro. It was demonstrated that thymulin was able to induce or modulate the expression of T-cell membrane markers, to enhance the proliferative responsiveness of lymphocytes to mitogens or allogeneic cells, and to increase mononuclear cells' natural killer activity. This in vitro responsiveness was contemporary to a transient decrease of FTS levels in the patients' serum, documented by sequential assays. These results suggest that thymulin could be of interest as a prophylactic therapy to speed up the immunological reconstitution of bone marrow recipients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Levamisole in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a prospective study of 15 patients.

Several haematological and immunological parameters were studied before and after a 4-week trial of oral levamisole (300 mg/week) in 15 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. We found no statistically significant difference in the mean peripheral blood counts of total lymphocytes, E-rosette-forming lymphocytes, monocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, eosinophils and platelets. Mean serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, C3 and C4 were not statistically affected by levamisole nor was the mean lymphocyte stimulation modified by various mitogens (phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen, tuberculin, candidin). The mean IgE level was statistically increased (p less than 0.05) after levamisole administration but remained below the normal upper limit. A high rate (46%) of clinical and haematological adverse reactions (1 patient developed thrombocytopenia) was associated with levamisole administration. These results suggest that levamisole, as given in this trial, has no obvious beneficial effect and cannot be recommended in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Use of a laser-Doppler electrophoresis method in bacteriology (preliminary results).

A new electrophoresis system using Laser Doppler velocimetry has been developed. This technic allows fast measurements, (1 minute) over a large number of particles (several thousand or more). Furthermore, the small size of the particles is no longer a limitation of the measurement. These qualities made it possible to study the electrokinetic properties of cells. In this paper the authors present the first application obtained on different types of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) submitted to five antibiotics (gentamycin, minocyclin, cephalotin, spiramycin, sobramycin). After four hours of incubation at 37 degrees C, important decreases of electrophoretic mobility were observed on bacteria treated with antibiotics to which they were sensitive. On the other hand, no significant modification appeared on bacteria treated with antibiotics to which they were not sensitive. In conclusion, the electrophoretic mobility test seems to be useful to study the response of bacteria to antibiotics and perhaps could be used to set antibiograms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Study of allergy to general anesthetics and muscle relaxants using the lymphoblast transformation test].

This study aims to test the lymphocyte response in normal subjects and patients who presented an anaphylactoid shock to various anaesthetic and muscle relaxant drugs, by using the lymphoblast transformation test (LTT). The results show that, although the LTT is a specific test, which can be carried out in vitro, it is badly adapted to the biological diagnosis of anaphylactic drug accidents on the whole, because of a possible non specific lymphoblastic transformation in controls or, on the contrary, of false negative results in anaphylaxis. As a consequence of this, and some comparative studies, the diagnosis of drug induced anaphylaxis must rely on skin tests, human basophil degranulation test (HBDT) and the Prausnitz-Küstner test.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cellular immunity in the red fox vaccinated against rabies. Studies with the lymphocyte transformation test].

The best conditions for performing a lymphocyte transformation test have been studied in the red fox with three phytomitogens: phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A and Pokeweed (phytolacca). These assays were carried out with varying different parameters of the reaction, among which concentration of mitogens, nature and duration of the lymphocyte cultures. Isolation of fox lymphocytes gave lower yields than human lymphocytes, but were similar in number to those from other domestic animal species. The best mitogenetic reactivity was observed with concanavalin A (optimal concentration being not very different from one mitogen to another) and the maximum transformation ratio was usually observed after four days of lymphocyte cultivation in round bottom plates. Mean value of stimulation ratio is about ten times less that in man, but not very different from dogs. These results allowed the use of this technique a second time to explore specific stimulations by rabies antigen. These last were observed only in 33% of foxes recently vaccinated against rabies, either with live or inactivated virus vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Treatment by plasma exchange of a patient with hyperlipidemia and diabetic ketoacidosis with lesional pulmonary edema and acute pancreatitis.

The authors report a case of severe hypertriglyceridemia (148.5 mmol/l) in a 27-year-old woman admitted for coma of unknown origin. Initial investigations revealed ketoacidosis, pancreatitis and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. The diabetes was unknown. Ketoacidosis was rapidly controlled. The hypertriglyceridemia was corrected by one course of plasma exchange (4,400 ml) during which the patient returned to consciousness. The patient recovered without any sequelae. Only 2 similar cases, treated by plasma exchange, have been reported in the literature until now.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Familial hyperthyroidism without evidence of autoimmunity.

Thirty-four members of a single family were studied and 9 of them were found to be suffering from hyperthyroidism associated with diffuse goitre. Exophthalmos was absent and transmission seemed to be independent of HLA type. Four of the 9 were studied prior to treatment but in all cases serum immunoglobulin levels were normal, antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies absent, thyroid stimulating antibodies negative and the lymphocyte transformation responses to mitogens not different from those of controls. The results of testing the euthyroid family members were similarly negative, except in the case of a woman with type I diabetes mellitus who showed a low titre of antimicrosomal antibody. Seven of the patients underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. Lymphocytic infiltration of the excised portion was rarely present. Four of the glands were subjected to immunofluorescent and electron microscopy but neither immunosecreting cells nor immune complex deposits were found. These results point to the existence of a non-autoimmune form of goitrous hyperthyroidism, different from Graves' disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Cervical Pyoderma gangrenosum: treatment by plasma exchanges].

The authors report one case of Pyoderma gangrenosum whose unusual cervical localization was particularly bothering. Besides, the patient, an 18-year-old girl, had clinical symptoms of Crohn's disease confirmed by radiological investigations and bowel pathology. A benign monoclonal gammapathy and an auto-immune haemolytic anaemia were also found. After four plasma exchanges Pyoderma healed rapidly, Crohn's disease stabilized and biological abnormalities disappeared. Comments and review of the literature are reported. It appears that such a case is quite exceptional, as far as clinical, biological data and therapy (plasma exchange) are concerned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Anti-varicella-zona immunoglobulins. Discovery of antibodies and method of formation].

The screening of zoster's antibodies has been performed in blood donors population and persons convalescing from herpes zoster. The results show that 25% of blood donors and 83,5% of convalescents have respectively a titer of CF antibody of 8. Plasma units were pooled and the pool had a final titer of CF antibody of 16. Varicella zoster immunoglobulin prepared by alcohol fractionation had a fluorescent antibody titer of 1 024 and a CF antibody of 512. These results are discussed and compared with those of literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Association of acquired polyagglutinabilities of types T and B. An observation].

Although T and acquired B polyagglutinabilities are not exceptional, simultaneous occurence of the two types is a rarer phenomenon. Ten days after an open heart surgery operation, the patient, age 55, had an infectious syndrom : two strains, Clostridium perfringens and Peptococcus variabilis were isolated. Simultaneously, her red cells were found to be polyagglutinable. The association of T and acquired B polyagglutinabilities could be demonstrated by serological studies of the patient's red cells, and by in vitro transformation of normal red cells using culture supernatants obtained from the two isolated strains.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

Electrophoretic mobility of Sézary syndrome lymphoid cells.

The variations in electrophoretic mobilities found in different lymphocyte populations present in circulating blood of three patients with Sézary syndrome have been studied. Evidence is given for variations in electrophoretic mobilities being a function of the cytological type of the pathological cells found. The existence of a significant increase of "null" cells is shown, which seem to correspond to Sézary cells.

Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1978

A Mossbauer determination of the iron core particle size distribution in ferritin.

The important biological iron bearing molecule ferritin has been studied using the 57Fe Mossbauer resonance. Natural and reconstituted ferritin samples have been studied in the temperature range 4--300 K. At low temperatures six-line magnetic hyperfine spectra are observed but with noticeably asymmetric line shapes, at high temperatures doublets are observed and in an intermediate temperature range (30--40 K) complex spectra characteristic of superparamagnetic behaviour are observed. From a theoretical study of the dependence of the hyperfine splitting parameters on particle size and from the experimental probability distributions obtained for these parameters from the Mossbauer spectra, it has been possible to derive the ferritin micelle particle size distributions for four different samples. It is found that the natural and reconstituted samples have roughly similar distributions except for the sample reconstituted from apoferritin in the presence of a phosphate environment. This sample is shown to have a slightly narrower particle size distribution centred on a smaller mean diameter. The information derived from these Mossbauer measurements are finally shown to be consistent with conclusions reached from separate biochemical experiments.

Ferritins↗