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Biomedical subjects

C Janot

Publications and source records attributed to C Janot.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Lymphocyte proliferative responses in haemophiliac patients: relations to clinical and immunological findings.

Blood lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens were studied in 65 patients with haemophilia (haemophilia A: 54 patients, haemophilia B: 11 patients) in parallel with 39 male control subjects. As a group, patients with haemophilia did not demonstrate abnormal proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (ConA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) when compared with healthy controls. When the patients were analysed according to their seropositivity for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), those who were positive had significantly decreased PHA, ConA and PWM responses. Haemophiliac patients with T4+/T8+ ratios less than 1 had reduced proliferative responses to PHA, ConA and PWM when compared to patients with ratios greater than 1. No significant difference in mitogen responses were found when the patients were analysed according to the presence or absence of palpable lymphadenopathy. Those patients with haemophilia A who had received more than 5 x 10(4) units of factor VIII during the two years preceding the study showed no significant difference in PHA, ConA and PWM responses when compared to patients receiving less.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and biological evaluation of the preventive role of anti-cytomegalovirus specific immunoglobulins in bone marrow grafts. Randomized study of 60 patients].

The effects of i.v. cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin given for prophylaxis of CMV infections in recipients of allogeneic and autologous marrow transplants were evaluated in a randomized trial: 60 patients were randomly assigned to receive (30 patients) or not to receive (30 patients) CMV immunoglobulin for a period of 90 days after transplantation. As to the allografted patients, the cumulative incidence of asymptomatic and symptomatic CMV infections was significantly reduced in the CMV immunoglobulin-treated group as compared to the control group (56.5% versus 92.9%, P less than 0.05). No other statistically significant effect of CMV immunoglobulin could be found. In particular, the incidence of symptomatic CMV infections (including interstitial pneumonia), the mean delay of post-transplant viraemia and haematopoietic recovery were similar in the control and CMV immunoglobulin-treated groups. We conclude that prophylactic CMV immunoglobulin administration, as designed in our study, is no more than marginally effective and cannot be recommended without additional trials.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

[Occurrence of non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis in heart surgery. Prospective study on the value of the determination of serum alanine aminotransferase and detection of anti-HBc antibodies in blood donors].

We studied a group of 64 patients undergoing cardiac surgery for the occurrence of post-transfusion hepatitis during a follow-up period of 5 months. They received blood units (packed red cells in saline-adenine-glucose medium and/or fresh frozen plasma exclusively) from 447 volunteer donors. Post-transfusion hepatitis was identified in 5 patients: 1 patient had cytomegalovirus hepatitis and the remaining 4 cases were defined, by exclusion, as non-A, non-B hepatitis (with prevalence and incidence rates of 80% and 6.25% respectively). We found no statistically significant differences between the numbers of transfused blood product units in patients who developed non-A, non-B hepatitis as compared to those who did not. Our analysis of the predictive effectiveness of alanine aminotransferase and anti-HBc antibodies screening in blood donors to prevent non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis led to the following conclusions: we failed to confirm the association between anti-HBc in blood donors and enhanced risk of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients since no case developed among patients receiving blood products from anti-HBc positive donors. So, 20 donors (4.5%) would have been discarded without any reduction of the incidence of non-A, non-B hepatitis. we could not confirm nor exclude the possibility that screening donor blood for elevated alanine aminotransferase levels would have reduced the number of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Prevalence of viral hepatitis B markers in a sample population seen at a center of preventive medicine].

The frequency of hepatitis B markers was studied on 992 subjects attending health examinations in Preventive Medicine Center of Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy. The aim of this work was to precise some epidemiological factors in this population. Results of this study have specified that 9% of individuals have shown signs of past infection and 0.3% of subjects having at least one marker were positive for the HBs-antigen. Most results agree with the literature and markers prevalence was found associated with some parameters as age and ethnic origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Prevalence of anti-LAV antibodies in hemophiliacs, correlation with the immunological state].

49 french haemophiliacs (haemophilia A: 41 patients; haemophilia B: 8 patients) were serologicaly tested for LAV antibodies: 10 patients (20.4%) were seropositive including 9 (21.9%) with haemophilia A and 1 (12,5%) with haemophilia B. Between seronegative and seropositive patients total lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte sub-populations counts were not significantly different. The mean serum IgG level was higher and palpable lymphadenopathy more frequently encountered among seropositive patients.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Prevalence of antibodies to lymphadenopathy-AIDS virus in French haemophiliacs.

49 French haemophiliacs (haemophilia A: 41 patients; haemophilia B: 8 patients) were serologically testes for lymphadenopathy-AIDS virus antibodies: 10 patients (20.4%) were seropositive including 9 (21.9%) with haemophilia A and 1 (12.5%) with haemophilia B. Among haemophiliacs A, seropositive patients received significantly larger amounts of factor VIII concentrate during the 2 years preceding the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Refractory anaemia with excess of blasts as a terminal evolution of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. A case report with chromosomal analysis.

A 63-year-old man presented with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH). After a 31 months' course of typical PNH the patient developed a type 1 (refractory anaemia) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) which subsequently evolved into type 5 (refractory anaemia with excess of blasts in transformation) myelodysplastic syndrome. At this time, bone marrow chromosomal analysis revealed a clonal pseudodiploidy (46 XY, -10, -16, -20, +3 markers) while phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated blood lymphocytes had a normal male karyotype. Both the acid haemolysis and thrombin tests remained positive throughout the course of the disease. This case report emphasizes the link between PNH and the myelodysplastic syndromes. Serial chromosomal analysis may help to define the myelodysplastic potential of PNH.

Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts↗
PubMed1985

[Immunological status of hemophiliacs: study of blood T-lymphocyte populations, serum immunoglobulins, and the prevalence of anti-LAV antibodies].

Blood T-lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulin levels were studied in a group of 52 haemophiliacs (44 patients with haemophilia A and 8 patients with haemophilia B). None of the patients had AIDS or belonged to any AIDS high-risk group. Patients were exclusively treated with clotting fractions obtained from healthy volunteers in metropolitan France. As compared to a group of 52 normal donors, haemophiliacs had increased numbers of suppressor lymphocytes, which resulted in depressed helper/suppressor (H/S) ratios, and increased levels of serum IgG and IgA. 21 haemophiliacs (40,3%) had a H/S ratio less than 1.4. Among patients with haemophilia A a higher mean IgG level was found in patients presenting lymphadenopathy. Decreased mean H/S ratio and increased mean serum IgG level were found in patients receiving more than 50 000 U of factor VIII during the 2 years preceding the study. No striking difference in mean serum IgG, IgA and IgM levels was found in patients with haemophilia A when H/S ratios were higher and lower than 1.4 respectively. As AIDS and immunological abnormalities among haemophiliacs probably share a common viral origin, this study emphasize the need to discourage blood donation from donors who belong to any AIDS high-risk group, and to screen sera from the blood donor population for antibodies to LAV/HTLV III.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Level of the A, B and H blood group glycosyltransferases in red cell membranes from patients with malignant hemopathies.

Eight patients (4 suffering from acute myeloid leukemia) exhibiting a loss of ABO red cell antigens, as seen by a mixed-field reaction pattern in agglutination tests, were selected and examined for the level of the A, -B, -H blood group glycosyltransferases within membranes prepared from erythrocyte subpopulations (A or B positive and A or B negative red cells). A or B enzyme activities were largely decreased in membranes which had lost A or B antigens (A or B negative subpopulations) but were within normal level in membrane from cells which had not lost A or B antigens (A or B positive subpopulations). The H enzyme level which was frequently low in the serum was within normal limits in the membrane preparations examined. Since A or B negative subpopulations were normally glycosylated in vitro into A or B reactive structures, the results demonstrate that loss of A or B antigens is related to some alteration of the blood group gene products rather than to significant abnormalities of the membrane precursors.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

[Blood T lymphocyte populations in the hemophiliac].

We have studied a group of 31 hemophiliac patients (hemophilia A: 26 patients, hemophilia B: 5 patients); 29 healthy men were used as controls. Hemophiliac patients had increased percentages of suppressor T-lymphocytes and depressed T4/T8 ratios. These abnormalities were found to be significantly correlated with the amount of F VIII used per year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Problems posed by the preparation of specific anti-cytomegalovirus immunoglobulins].

The authors describe the preparation of a first batch of intravenous cytomegalovirus (CMV) immune globulin at the Nancy Regional blood transfusion centre. Immune plasmas were selected from 3 640 healthy volunteer blood donors on the basis of CF antibody titers to CMV (Kolmer's method modified) of, at least, 1:8; plasmas from approximately 10% of the donors were therefore selected. The 68 liters of pooled immune plasma had à CF antibody titer of 1:16 (CMV antibody titers of 1: 10 000 and 1: 640 when tested in the ELISA assay and passive hemagglutination assay respectively). Intravenous immune globulin was produced from pooled plasma by Cohn fractionation and treatment with pepsin at pH 4; 4.8 liters of immune globulin were prepared and divided in 96 doses of 50 ml each. The final product was found to have a CMV antibody titer of 1: 32 (CF) 1: 50 000 (ELISA) or 1: 2 560 (passive hemagglutination). Recent reports on the preparation of CMV immune globulin are briefly reviewed.

Cytomegalovirus↗