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Biomedical subjects

C Chastel

Publications and source records attributed to C Chastel.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Arbovirus infections in Morocco: serosurvey in small wild mammals in the northern part of the country].

Sera of 128 small wild mammals (rodents, insectivora) trapped in Northern Morocco in March 1979, were studied for antibody against 15 arboviruses. In inhibition-haemagglutination tests, positive reactions were found against West Nile (0.8%), Tahyna (21 %), Arumowot (14 %) and Sicilian Sandfly fever (9.4 %) viruses. In complement fixation tests, an unique serum from Apodemus sylvaticus was simultaneously positive for Quaranfil virus and for a Kemerovo group virus, Brest/Ar/T222, previously isolated from Ornithodoros (A.) maritimus ticks caught in Morocco. These results are discussed according to the bioclimatic profile of the station where the mammals originated and to the potential vectors known to occur here.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1981

[Superficial herpes simplex keratitis. Double-blind comparative trial of acyclovir and idoxuridine (author's transl)].

In a double-blind, randomized trial 52 patients with superficial herpes simplex keratitis were treated with a new antiviral compound, acylclovir (ACV) 3% ointment, or with idoxuridine (IDU) 0.5% ointment. No statistically significant difference was found in the number of patients cured with either drug, but healing was achieved more rapidly with ACV than with IDU.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1981

Studies on Bunyaviridae including Zaliv Terpeniya virus isolated from Ixodes uriae ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) in Brittany, France.

Three viruses were isolated from ticks parasitizing nesting seabirds on Cape Sizun, Brittany, France, during the spring of 1979: Soldado like virus (Bunyaviridae, Nairovirus genus) from Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) maritimus (Argasidae), Zaliv Terpeniya (ZT) virus (Bunyaviridae, Uukuvirus genus) from Ixodes (Ceratixodes) uriae (Ixodidae) parasitizing chicks of the kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), and a virus of the Sakhalin group from I. (C.) uriae. Certain virological and ultrastructural properties of ZT virus were studied and the antigenic relationships between th French isolate and other UUK serogroup viruses from I. (C.) uriae were analyzed in the complement fixation and immune diffusion tests. Cape Sizun is notable for the unusual presence of both argasied (Ornithodoros) and ixodid (Ixodes) ticks infesting seabirds in adjacent niches in a single locality, where they are infected by different viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A comparative study of oxygen toxicity in vertebrates.

Survival time in conditions of hyperbaric oxygenation were measured in trout and eels in water, and in frog in water or in gas phase at various temperatures. In eel and trout, the gill surface is altered within 90 min at 15 ata pressure of oxygen. Survival times of the frog during hyperoxia in aquatic or gaseous conditions are only slightly different, in spite of the marked difference in the oxygen concentration of the two media. Oxygen toxicity is well correlated with the aerobic metabolic rate, (1) in a given species adapted to various temperatures; (2) in trout eel and frog observed at the same temperature. The differing O2 toxicities in homeothermic and poikilothermic animals are also related to the differences in metabolic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Fatal neurological syndrome in a collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) and fixation of ixodes pari (= I. frontalis) tick (author's transl)].

Tick paralysis is probably a common condition in wild birds, but rarely observed. The authors report the case of a collared dove (S. decaocto) presenting a fatal neurological syndrome associated with the fixation of a Ixodes pari female above the right eye. Virological studies of bird's tissues and of the tick were negative. These findings were compatible with tick paralysis or a minor equivalent of this syndrome. In addition, it was the first time that a collared dove is found as host for I. pari.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical resistance of herpetic keratitis to antiviral agents (author's transl)].

Clinical resistance of herpetic keratitis to antiviral agents constitutes one of the reasons for failure of treatment after their administration. A retrospective study of 42 cases of superficial herpetic keratitis resistant to IDU, IDU and IDC, and Ara-A demonstrated that in 2 out of 3 cases this resistance appeared in patients previously treated locally with antiviral compounds for anterior ocular lesions. Patients resistant to IDU were then treated with Ara-A, and those not responding to Ara-A, with TFT. Resistance may be observed following this new treatment during the subsequent relapses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Treatment of experimental herpetic keratitis in rabbits with acycloguanosine (author's transl)].

The antiviral activity of a new antiherpetic compound called acycloguanosine was compared to the activity of 0.12 per cent idoxuridine against a superficial herpes simplex keratitis in the rabbit, using a multiple microinoculation technique. The results of the acycloguanosine group were better than the other group. No toxic side effects could be detected by slitlamp examination.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of therapeutic activity of idoxuridine and acyclovir in experimentally-induced herpetic keratitis in rabbits (author's transl)].

Antiherpetic activity of a new antiviral agent, Acyclovir (ACV), was compared with that of Idoxuridine (IDU) in the treatment of keratitis induced in rabbits by type I herpes simplex virus (HSV). After topical application for 5 days, both compounds were well tolerated, but ACV was significantly more effective than IDU. Virological tests demonstrated that virus multiplication continued for a shorter period in eyes treated with ACV than in those of controls, or of animals treated with IDU, but early viral regrowth was possible. Using two HSV markers, seroneutralization and thermal sensitivity of cell culture development, variations were observed in a rabbit treated with IDU and in a control animal also. Epithetial regeneration after treatment was assessed by optical microscopy and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Epithelial scarring was observed to be almost complete in rabbits treated with IDU. The correlation between therapeutic, virological, and histological results in positive evidence for the use of ACV in HSV-induced ocular lesions.

Acyclovir↗