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Biomedical subjects

C Chastel

Publications and source records attributed to C Chastel.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Effects of hyperbaric environment on the course of experimental lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) in the mouse (author's transl)].

During a week, adult Swiss mice inoculated with LCM virus were exposed to hyperbaric environment (51 ATA) in He-O2 mixture. This exposure delayed the mortality by virus infection for 5-6 days and/or lowered or abolished the specific cerebral pathology. However, at the moment of death, the infectious titer of virus in the brain of exposed mice was not significantly decreased. Some physico-chemical factors involved in hyperbaric environment were investigated in order to determine their possible role in inducing the delayed mortality. Temperature has no effect on the course of experimental LCM in the mouse while He-O2 mixture at atmospheric pressure aggravate the viral disease. Pure O2 applied at 2 ATA intermittently has some beneficial effect but only on specific cerebral alterations. Thus, it seems likely that "per se" hydrostatic pressure and/or an hyperabaric helium specific effect is responsible for the delay of mortality after hyperbaric exposure. Possible mechanisms leading to this delay, i.e. a transient abolition of immunologic response of mice to LCM virus, are briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Simple and rapid technic of grouping of streptococci].

The authors propose a simple and rapid technique of grouping of streptococci. Streptococcal extracts were obtained by the action of nitrous acid at laboratory temperature. Serogrouping was carried out by electro-immunodiffusion. A study was made of 200 strains of hospital origin. The qualities of specificity and sensitivity of the method proposed are emphasized.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Viral contamination in laboratories and hospital units].

Viral contamination is at least as important in hospital laboratories and wards as contamination by bacteria or microscopic fungi, but it is much more insidious and sometimes unrecognized. There are two main types: The first has a purely technical effect and only interest the virologist. This is contamination of reagents, reference strains, cell cultures, etc.., by foreign viral agents. It may be the cause of errors on diagnosis or regrettable errors of interpretation of certain experimental data. It is most difficult to detect, if not to avoid. The second is much more worrying as it is liable to cause disease in man, which may induce severe, and even fatal infections in patients or in the medical, para-medical and technical personnel. This is the case with type B hepatitis virus which tends to invade surgical units using extra-corporeal circulation, hemodialysis units and transplantation units, blood transfusion centres, dental units and even causes victims in routine laboratories. However, type B hepatitis is not the only virus which may lead to severe infections; other viruses include: poxvirus, cytomegalovirus, arbovirus, etc. Finally, other often severe accidents may occur in research laboratories and in the pharmaceutical industry, owing to manipulation of dangerous viruses or by contact with experimental animals, e.g. rodents, or monkeys, which contain the virus in a latent state, e.g. lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Sabin virus, Marburg virus, type A hepatitis virus, etc. With regard to such accidents, we are almost completely powerless from the therapeutic point of view and, even poorly equipped, from the point of view of prophylaxis.

Animals↗