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Biomedical subjects

C C Lin

Publications and source records attributed to C C Lin.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The hypoglycemic effect of the crude drug prescription resources from Taiwan on experimental diabetic-mellitus (II)--the antihyperglycemic effect of tang-niao-tung no. 2 and no. 3.

The water extracts of crude drugs of Taiwan Tang-Niao-Tung (T.N.T.) No. 2 and No. 3 were administered to normal and diabetic rats for investigating the antihyperglycemic effect of these two prescriptions. It was found that the blood glucose level in normal rats was temporarily increased after T.N.T. No. 2 and No. 3 administration; this may be caused by the starch content of the drugs component. In contrast, the diabetic rats have shown a significant decrease (P less than 0.01) of blood glucose in 2, 4, 6 hours after T.N.T. No. 2 and No. 3 have been given. The blood glucose percentage at 6 hours was 78.1% of T.N.T. No. 2 and 79.2% of T.N.T. No. 3 as compared to the original level. The hypoglycemic effect of T.N.T. No. 2 and No. 3 on alloxan-induced diabetic rats have suggested that action mechanism might not mediate through the release of insulin or positive feedback of glucose to insulin, neither acted on insulin receptor. It might be possible by the indirect promoting of enzyme activity. However, the pharmacological effect of some drugs could elucidate the hypoglycemic action of these prescriptions. Temporary promotion of blood glucose in normal rats will decline to normal level by 12 hours after T.N.T. No. 2 and No. 3 administration. The pharmacological effect of these herb prescriptions for diabetic rats is valuable for further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The pharmacological and pathological studies on several hepatic protective crude drugs from Taiwan (II).

Four crude drug extracts of Solanum incanum (entire plant), Ixeris chinensis (entire plant), Gardenia jasminoides (wild and cultivated, fructus) were administered to rats as dose of 1.0 g/kg, I.P. injection to screen the liver protective effect on CC14 induced hepatotoxicity. The acute increase of transaminase SGOT and SGPT levels that was caused by CC14 (1.0 ml/kg) S.C. injection can be significantly improved when treated with Solanum incanum (p less than 0.005), Ixeris chinensis (p less than 0.001), Gardenia jasminoides (cultivated) (p less than 0.005) but only a moderate change was shown by means of wild Gardenia jasminoides (p less than 0.05). As our results indicated, the extraction of these drugs has been found to possess a marked hepatic protective effect. The hepatic fatty metamorphosis and necrosis of central lobule were obviously improved by S. incanum and I. chinensis, administration, while the effect of treatment with G. jasminoides (cultivated) demonstrated a moderate protective action and little histopathological change by G. jasminoides (wild). In contrast to B. chinese, which has been reported previously as a treatment criteria, the S. incanum (p less than 0.01) and I. chinensis (p less than 0.01) in the present study have indicated that a significantly different hepatic protective effect on CC14 induced hepatic injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on transmural blood flow and reactive hyperemia in the presence of flow-limiting coronary stenosis in the awake dog: evidence for dilation of the intramural vasculature.

The effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on transmural myocardial blood flow distribution and the reactive hyperemic response in the presence and absence of flow-limiting coronary stenosis were examined in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Ten-second coronary occlusion without subsequent flow restriction resulted in marked reactive hyperemic responses (Doppler flow probes), mean flow debt repayment was 481 +/- 55%. When the 10-second coronary occlusions were followed by a 20-second partial restriction that allowed normal preocclusion coronary inflow, the subsequent reactive hyperemia was significantly augmented, mean flow debt repayment was 938 +/- 91% (p less than 0.05). Pretreatment with ANP (3 micrograms/kg) did not alter the flow debt repayment after a 10-second occlusion without restriction (474 +/- 30%, NS) but attenuated the augmentation of reactive hyperemia resulting from the 20-second inflow restriction, flow debt repayment (613 +/- 66%, NS). Regional myocardial blood flow to the ischemic region was measured during restricted inflow after a 10-second coronary occlusion before and after ANP pretreatment. Before ANP, subendocardial flow decreased (0.54 +/- 0.04 ml/min/g) and subepicardial flow significantly increased (1.03 +/- 0.12 ml/min/g) when compared with the nonischemic zone (subendocardial, 1.03 +/- 0.09 ml/min/g; subepicardial, 0.87 +/- 0.09 ml/min/g, p less than 0.05), indicating maldistribution of the restricted inflow. The resultant subendocardial-to-subepicardial ratio in the ischemic region was significantly decreased when compared with the nonischemic region (0.56 +/- 0.03 vs. 1.18 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Chemiluminescence and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity between human alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood monocytes in smokers, nonsmokers, and lung cancer patients.

Some evidence suggests a capability of peripheral blood monocytes to destroy tumor cells, while this ability by human alveolar macrophages, the main defense cells in the alveoli, is still debatable. We measured the chemiluminescence and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the PBMs and HAMs of 12 lung cancer patients and 20 healthy subjects; the latter included ten smokers and ten nonsmokers. The PBMs were prepared by using a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient, then separated by Petri-dish adherence. The HAMs were taken during the bronchoalveolar lavages. The chemiluminescence in the HAMs of smokers was significantly higher than nonsmokers, (p less than 0.05), which did not occur in the PBMs. Chemiluminescence in HAMs from the lung cancer patients was also significantly higher than the smoker control subjects (p less than 0.01). However, the lung cancer patients had significantly lower ADCC activity than the smokers in the control group (4.52 +/- 2.96 vs 8.27 +/- 2.83 percent; p less than 0.05). The chemiluminescence in the PBMs showed no statistical difference between the lung cancer patients and smoker control, but PBMs of the lung cancer patients had significantly lower ADCC activity than the smoker normal control group. The HAMs from lung cancer patients produced more superoxide anion, for an increased chemiluminescence reaction was noted, although ADCC activity was lower than in smokers, ie, HAMs were ineffective in killing tumors. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking affect HAM's function by causing an increase of superoxide anion production. The chemiluminescence and ADCC activity in the PBMs does not always correspond to the HAMs findings. These results suggest that PBMs can not accurately reflect or predict the HAMs' function in lung diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Austin endolymph dispersement shunt surgery for Menière's disease.

This paper analyses the results of 53 Austin endolymph dispersement shunt procedures as compared to previously reported data on 87 Arenberg inner ear valve implants and 339 cases employing various other surgical techniques. Overall results are similar regardless of the surgical method involved, however findings indicate that capillary endolymph dispersement both affords more class A results, with isolated spectacular hearing gains, and creates a greater chance of completely eliminating dizziness in both definite and adjunctive spells. Furthermore, Austin's endolymph dispersement drain evidenced no adverse effects on inner ear function, unlike Arenberg's inner ear valve, and is herein documented as a safe and effective surgical option for the treatment of Meniere's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Duodenal hemangioendothelioma: report of a case.

A case of duodenal hemangioendothelioma with bleeding is reported. The possibility of duodenal hemangioma should be borne in mind when there is unexplained bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract. This lesion was visualized by endoscopy, removed surgically, and confirmed upon histological examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Dose-response of intrathecal morphine for post-cesarean analgesia].

Intrathecal morphine for post-operative analgesia is famous for its quality and safety, but its role in post-Cesarean analgesia is not well established. In this study, we investigate its analgesic effect, complication rate and neonatal outcome under various dosages of morphine. The parturients divided into five groups according to morphine dosage: 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg respectively. The duration of analgesic effect was 19.1 h in 0.1 mg group, 23.6 h in 0.25 mg group, 28.1 h in 0.5 mg group, 30.5 h in 1.0 mg group. Complication rate increased markedly as more than 0.5 mg morphine was injected. Respiratory inhibition (respiratory rate less than 10/min) that required naloxone treatment had occurred twice in 0.5 and 1.0 mg group respectively. Neonatal outcome did not bear any difference among the five groups. In conclusion, adding 0.1 to 0.25 mg morphine to intrathecal anesthetics can be effectively and safely extended into post-Cesarean analgesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Enhancement of interleukin-2 and gamma-interferon production in vitro on cord blood lymphocytes and in vivo on primary cellular immunodeficiency patients with thymic extract (thymostimulin).

Cord blood mononuclear cells (MNC) were isolated from 20 normal full-term newborns. These MNC were preincubated with either 50, 100, or 200 micrograms/ml Thymostimulin or without Thymostimulin. The interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) production, cytotoxicity, and lymphoproliferation and IL-2 receptor (Tac) expression were all significantly increased after Thymostimulin treatment. For evaluation of the in vivo effect, two combined-immunodeficiency patients defective on the thymic level, one with progressive BCG infection, and one with DiGeorge syndrome were used. Before Thymostimulin treatment, the patient's MNC did not produce sufficient amounts of IL-2 and gamma-IFN. The cytotoxicity and lymphoproliferation were also low. After Thymostimulin treatment, the IL-2 and gamma-IFN production, cytotoxicity, and lymphoproliferative response were enhanced. These results suggest that Thymostimulin may be beneficial in the clinical treatment of primary cellular immunodeficiency. The improved immune reactivity including cytotoxicity and enhanced IL-2 and gamma-IFN production in the Thymostimulin treatment also indicates that there may be a beneficial effect on the combination of chemotherapy and Thymostimulin.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

High malic enzyme activity in tumor cells and its cross-reaction with anti-pigeon liver malic enzyme serum.

Rabbit antibodies against pigeon liver malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40) were prepared. The antiserum gave single precipitation line with crude pigeon liver extract. Cross reaction was observed with partially purified malic enzyme or crude extract from chicken liver. Positive cross reaction was also observed with the concentrated cytosolic fraction of two human carcinoma cell lines which were demonstrated to contain high malic enzyme activity. All other proteins examined did not react with the antibodies. When purified pigeon liver malic enzyme was mixed with the antiserum in vitro, a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme activity was observed. Protection of the enzyme activity against antiserum inactivation was afforded by NADP+ or L-malate. Metal Mn2+ gave little protection.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Accuracy of impression materials for complete-arch fixed partial dentures.

The accuracy of 12 impression materials of six different types were studied by using complete-arch FPD impressions. Sixty impressions were made of a Columbia dentoform maxillary model with complete cast crown abutment preparations on the canines and the second molars. A one-piece casting was constructed by connecting the four individual castings made for the four abutment teeth. The master prosthesis was seated on the stone casts produced from the impressions. The marginal adaptation on the four abutments was then evaluated with a travelling microscope. The individual marginal adaptation of the four castings on the abutments was also examined after sectioning the four joints. The following conclusions were drawn. 1. The polyethers produced the most accurate complete-arch replicas. The second most accurate were the vinyl polysiloxanes, followed by the polysulfides and the irreversible-reversible hydrocolloids. The least accurate were the reversible hydrocolloids and the irreversible hydrocolloids. 2. The polyether impression materials exhibited the most consistent accuracy for a master cast to fabricate a complete-arch FPD.

Alginates↗
PubMed1988

"Otodental" dysplasia.

The case of a 3 11/12-year-old Chinese boy with the dental abnormalities of "otodental" dysplasia is reported. Hearing was normal. Dental anomalies consisted of delayed eruption of globe-shaped molars, bulbous deciduous canines, and double pulp chambers in the molars. Radiographs taken 4 years later showed taurodontic molars, supernumerary microdontic teeth, retarded formation of premolars, and probable aplasia of the mandibular second premolars.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Effect of magnesium sulfate on fetal heart rate variability in preeclamptic patients during labor.

Forty-two preeclamptic patients between 36 and 41 weeks gestation were investigated for baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) variability 1 hour after the initiation of magnesium therapy, at midlabor, and at the time of delivery. With a standard regimen of intravenous magnesium sulfate therapy, the mean maternal serum magnesium levels at the three different sampling times were statistically different (f = 6.94, p less than 0.01 by one-way analysis of variance), documenting the cumulative effect of continuous intravenous magnesium administration. The majority of the fetuses (86%) that exhibited a decrease in long-term FHR variability were associated with a maternal serum magnesium level above the lower limit of the therapeutic range (4.8 mg/dl). Of all fetuses whose maternal serum magnesium levels were 4.8 mg/dl or greater at delivery, only 40% exhibited a decrease in FHR variability. A higher mean maternal magnesium level, a higher mean cord blood magnesium level, and a higher total dose of magnesium sulfate were observed in the group of fetuses showing a decrease in FHR variability than in the group showing no change in FHR variability. The good fetal outcome seen in both study populations suggests that the effect of magnesium sulfate on FHR variability is a transient, reversible phenomenon that should not be considered as a sign of fetal distress.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The pharmacological and pathological studies on several hepatic protective crude drugs from Taiwan (I).

This study is to investigate the hepatic protective effect of several Taiwan crude drug extractions on the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The pharmacological and pathological effects of Bupleurum chinense, Phellodendron wilsonii, Clematis chinensis and Hedyotis corymbosa were analyzed by liver enzyme function test and pathological studies. However, the results of amine transferase SGOT and SGPT have shown a significant hepatic protective effect after treatment with Bupleurum chinense (P less than 0.005), Phellodendron wilsonii (P less than 0.001), Clematis chinensis (P less than 0.005) and Hedyotis corymbosa (P less than 0.005, SGPT only). The fatty degeneration around the central vein area and necrosis of the central lobule can be significantly improved by P. wilsonii and moderately changed by B. chinense or C. chinensis. Although fatty metamorphosis has been affected by H. corymbosa, various inflammatory cell infiltrations in the cytoplasm were noted.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary function in normal subjects after bronchoalveolar lavage.

Twenty seven healthy individuals were divided randomly into three groups. The first group of nine subjects received only a routine bronchoscopic examination. The second group of nine subjects was examined with the bronchoscope followed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with 200 ml of 25 degrees C normal saline solution. The third group of nine subjects received a bronchoscopic examination followed by BAL, but with 200 ml of 37 degrees C normal saline solution. Examination in all groups included arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis and pulmonary function test (PFT), both pre- and post-procedure. In group 1 there was no statistical difference in the pulmonary function test result after routine bronchoscopic examination except for decrease in PaO2. The results in group 2 showed a statistical difference in both ABG and PFT data, especially PaO2, FEF 200-1200, FEF25%-75%, FEF25%, FEF50%, and FEF75%. In group 3, there was a significant decrease of PaO2 and no significant difference in PFT before and after BAL. From these data we conclude that BAL is a safe examination. However, the administration BAL fluid (BALF) with 25 degrees C normal saline solution can affect the results of the PFT significantly. Much of this adverse reaction can be minimized by using body temperature (37 degrees C) saline solution. At 37 degrees C, the ABG data showed a decrease in PaO2, but pulmonary function was not affected significantly.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunomodulation of influenza virus infection in the precipitating asthma attack.

Twelve asthmatic children (ages four to ten years) had attacks of asthma associated with influenza infection during the spring of 1985. Virus isolation and serologic studies proved eight cases were A/Philippine/2/82 (H1N2) and four cases were B/USSR/100/83. Four cases of A/Philippine/2/82 and two cases of B/USSR/100/83 were isolated from six control subjects who had suffered from influenza infection without asthma attack. The absolute lymphocyte count, T cell subsets increased in influenza patients both with and without asthma attack. However, the OKT4/OKT8 ratio markedly decreased in the influenza with asthma group during the acute phase. Since the fresh asthmatic patients had decreased OKT4/OKT8 ratio and increased lympho-proliferative response, IL-2 production increased after their lymphocytes were stimulated with housedust antigen and returned to near normal after hyposensitization therapy. Therefore, these results suggest that influenza virus has asthmagenicity and may contribute to precipitating an asthma attack.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of high levels of insulin on glucose utilization and glucose production in pregnant and nonpregnant sheep.

The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that pregnancy in sheep alters the effects of insulin on glucose utilization and glucose production. Euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp experiments were performed in chronically catheterized, unstressed, fed or 24-hr fasted, nonpregnant sheep and fed, pregnant sheep. Endogenous glucose production rate for the whole sheep and glucose utilization rate of the uterine and nonuterine maternal tissues were measured in control and high-insulin periods by tracer technique using [6-3H]glucose. Control glucose utilization rate in the fed, nonpregnant sheep was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than that in the fasted, nonpregnant sheep, 2.29 +/- 0.17 and 1.86 +/- 0.11 mg/min/kg, respectively, and also in the nonuterine maternal tissues of the pregnant sheep (1.71 +/- 0.18 mg/min/kg). Insulin stimulated glucose utilization 116.4 +/- 14.8% in the fed, nonpregnant sheep but only 82.8 +/- 11.0% in the fasted, nonpregnant sheep and 94.2 +/- 14.3% in the nonuterine tissues of the fed, pregnant sheep. Also, insulin suppressed endogenous glucose production to 53.2 +/- 5.6% in the fed, nonpregnant sheep, to 3.9 +/- 3.1% in the fasted, nonpregnant sheep, and to 9.0 +/- 3.7% in the fed, pregnant sheep. In the pregnant animals, uterine glucose uptake and uterine glucose utilization were not different and were not altered by changes in maternal insulin concentration. The results indicate that during late pregnancy glucose utilization is reduced and resistance to the effect of insulin to enhance glucose utilization is present in the nonuterine maternal tissues compared with nonpregnant, fed sheep. In contrast, the effectiveness of insulin to suppress glucose production in the pregnant sheep is greater than that in nonpregnant, fed sheep. These results also demonstrate that differential changes in the effect of insulin can exist simultaneously between peripheral (glucose consuming) and central (glucose producing) tissues. The changes in glucose utilization and in insulin effect in the pregnant sheep are both qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those of the nonpregnant sheep when fasted, suggesting that similar substrate and/or hormonal factors may be involved.

Animals↗