Biomedical subjects

C C Lin

Publications and source records attributed to C C Lin.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

The pharmacological and pathological studies on Taiwan folk medicine (III): The effects of bupleurum kaoi and cultivated bupleurum falcatum var. komarowi.

The protective effects of water extract from roots of Bupleurum kaoi Liu, Chao et Chuang and Bupleurum flacatum L. var. Komarowi Koso-Polj on CCl4-induced hepatoxicity have been investigated. Both B. kaoi (p less than 0.05) and B. falcatum var. komarowi (p less than 0.01) possessed more marked anti-hepatotoxic pharmacological effects than Bupleurum chinense DC., the typical strain widely used in Taiwan. The pathological improvement from treatment by means of the three drugs to alleviate CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity was estimated using morphological changes of hepatocytes, reduction of inflammatory cells infiltration and liver function tests.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1990

The pharmacological and pathological studies on Taiwan folk medicine (IV): The effects of echinops grijisii and e. Latifolius.

The protective effect of "San-fang-feng" derived from the root of Echinops grijsii Hance on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity has been studied. This crude drug was found to possess a marked hepatoprotective effect. A comparison of the protective effect with "Lou-lu" derived from the root of E. latifolius Tausch and "Pei-chai-hu" original Bupleurum chinense showed that E. grijisii and E. latifolius were more effective than B. chinense as reported previously. The results suggested that both E. grijisii and E. latifolius could correct the hepatocyte necrosis and functional disorder induced by the CCl4 treatment.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1990

Nitric oxide modulates epicardial coronary basal vasomotor tone in awake dogs.

This study evaluates the role of endogenous nitric oxide in the modulation of basal coronary vasomotor tone by studying the effects of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide formation from L-arginine, on resting epicardial coronary diameter and coronary flow. L-NMMA (5 mg/kg) was infused in seven awake dogs chronically instrumented with coronary dimension crystals for measurement of epicardial coronary diameter, and Doppler flow probes for quantitation of phasic coronary flow (vasomotion of distal regulatory resistance coronary vessels). Epicardial coronary diameter decreased 5.5% from 3.47 +/- 0.17 to 3.28 +/- 0.15 mm (mean +/- SE). The diameter change was gradual, reaching a maximum at 13 +/- 2 min after infusion, and persistent, lasting greater than 90 min. Phasic coronary flow did not change. Mean aortic pressure significantly increased from 99 +/- 3 to 111 +/- 3 mmHg and heart rate decreased from 56 +/- 4 to 46 +/- 3 beats/min. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and contractility were not significantly altered. L-Arginine (66 mg/kg) but not D-arginine reversed all hemodynamic parameters. These data support an important role of nitric oxide in modulating basal epicardial coronary vasomotor tone and systemic vascular resistance.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Preferential proximal coronary dilation by activators of guanylate cyclase in awake dogs.

The vasodilation effects of activators of guanylate cyclase, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), nitroglycerin (NTG), and acetylcholine (ACh), on the epicardial conductance arteries and the distal resistance coronary vessels were examined in chronically instrumented awake dogs and related serially to plasma guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Left atrial bolus injections of ANP (3 micrograms/kg; n = 7), NTG (13 micrograms/kg; n = 7), or ACh (0.13 micrograms/kg; n = 3) induced sustained increases in epicardial coronary dimension (ultrasonic crystals), 3.3, 5.7, and 6.7%, respectively, lasting greater than 40 min for ANP and NTG and greater than 3 min for ACh, and relatively brief increases in blood flow (resistance artery vasomotion) for each agent. Plasma samples withdrawn serially after injections of each agent demonstrated that only ANP increased cGMP level; the time course of ANP-induced epicardial vasodilation followed more closely the increase in cGMP than that of plasma ANP. These data demonstrated that these three activators of guanylate cyclase induced preferential sustained epicardial vasodilation and only brief distal coronary vasodilation with minor or no change in systemic hemodynamics. The prolonged increase in plasma cGMP after ANP injection suggested continuous cGMP production during ANP-induced proximal vasodilation. These data demonstrate a striking heterogeneity of vasomotor responses in the coronary arterial vasculature and suggest that cGMP-mediated vasodilation mechanisms are more predominant in proximal conductance arteries compared with distal resistance vessels.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1990

Chromosome localization of two human serine protease genes to region 14q11.2----q12 by in situ hybridization.

Two human serine protease genes have been cloned. One corresponds to CTLA1, the human equivalent of the mouse cytotoxic cell protease gene Ctla-1, and the other is novel. Both genes were localized to 14q11.2----q12 by in situ hybridization. This result confirms the assignment of human CTLA1 to 14q11.2----q12 and provides new mapping data for another human serine protease gene located in the same chromosome region.

Chromosome Mapping↗

PubMed1990

Ischemia-induced epicardial vasoconstriction. A potential mechanism for distant myocardial ischemia.

This study evaluated the effects of transient coronary occlusion on the diameter of a nonischemic vessel or a nonischemic coronary segment proximal to the site of occlusion. Awake mongrel dogs chronically instrumented with dimension crystals, Doppler flow probes, and distal pneumatic occluders on the circumflex coronary arteries were subjected to transient 2-minute circumflex occlusions (n = 9) under constant heart rate (120 beats/min). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure increased by 60% (from 10 +/- 1 to 16 +/- 2 mm Hg), and dP/dt decreased by 8% (from 2,048 +/- 130 to 1,885 +/- 110 mm Hg/sec); systemic hemodynamics were unaltered. Epicardial coronary diameter proximal to the site of occlusion decreased by 4.37% (from 3.62 +/- 0.25 to 3.46 +/- 0.29 mm, p less than 0.05). Constriction began 15-20 seconds after the onset of ischemia and progressed to maximum in 1-2 minutes. Combined alpha- and beta-receptor blockade (n = 8) with phentolamine (2 mg/kg) and propranolol (1 mg/kg) or cyclooxygenase inhibition (n = 5) with indomethacin (7.5 mg/kg) did not attenuate the ischemia-induced vasoconstriction response. Transient 2-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (n = 6) also elicited significant epicardial vasoconstriction in the circumflex coronary artery in the first minute (from 3.88 +/- 0.31 to 3.81 +/- 0.31 mm, p less than 0.05); the constriction was attenuated subsequently by an increase (25.5%) in circumflex flow. When left anterior descending occlusion was repeated (n = 6) with circumflex flow held constant, the ischemia-induced circumflex constriction was augmented; diameter decreased 3.7% (from 3.83 +/- 0.29 to 3.69 +/- 0.29 mm, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1990

A study of the relationship between childhood nephrotic syndrome and allergic diseases.

The incidence of atopic diseases in 206 children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) was studied. Boys with NS had three times higher incidence of bronchial asthma than the general population. There was no difference in the girls. Both boys and girls with NS had about three times more allergic rhinitis and ten times more atopic dermatitis than the general population. In NS patients with associated allergic disease, skin test and allergen-specific IgE antibodies by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) were performed. Most of the patients with dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae), egg white, or cow's milk protein-specific antibodies had positive skin tests. One hundred of the 206 children with NS received renal biopsies and serum IgE levels were measured. During the acute nephrotic phase the geometric mean serum IgE levels in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), IgM mesangial nephropathy (IgMN), hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy, and treatment-responsive focal segmental glomerular sclerosis patients were all significantly elevated, in descending order of significance. These high serum IgE levels decreased in remission of NS and elevated again during relapse. The relationship between high serum IgE levels in NS patients and the incidence of allergic diseases showed that one third to one fourth of either IgMN or MCNS patients developed allergic diseases. These results suggest that NS patients had a higher allergic disease incidence. Serum IgE level may serve as one of the prognostic factors. However, an increase in the IgE level may be a reflection of body immunoregulatory imbalance that plays a direct pathogenic role in the occurrence of NS and proteinuria.

Child↗

PubMed1990

Subcutaneous injection of 99mTc pertechnetate at acupuncture points K-3 and B-60.

The acupuncture points are known to be morphologically related to the nerves and vessels. Yet the physiological role of blood vessels in the formation of acupuncture points remains unknown. With subcutaneous injection of 99mTc pertechnetate at the acupuncture points K-3 and B-60 and with intra-acupuncture point injection of 99mTc pertechnetate at K-3 and B-60, a lower-limb venography like what was obtained by intravenous injection of 99mTc macroaggregated albumin was demonstrated in the present study. It seems that some acupuncture points do play a role in drainage of tissue fluid from soft tissue into the veins.

Acupuncture Points↗

PubMed1990

[Acute hemodynamic effects of upper airway obstruction in normal dogs].

Eight normal dogs were anesthetized to assess the effects of an upper airway obstruction (UAO) on arterial blood gases (ABG) and hemodynamic (HD) parameters. Each dog was fitted with an arterial line, a Swan-Ganz catheter and an endotracheal tube. The HD parameters including heart rate, systolic blood pressure, central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (CI), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI), left ventricle stroke work index (LVSWI) and right ventricle stroke work index (RVSWI), were monitored. The baseline ABG and HD parameters were taken prior to endotracheal tube clamping, and then checked at 0.3, 1.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 minutes. The clamp was subsequently removed to allow spontaneous breathing, and then another set of measurements were taken at 5, 15 and 30 minutes, respectively. The above procedures were then repeated a second time. The results showed that UAO can produce the following: (1) decreases in the CI, PaO2 and pH; (2) increases in the mean systemic and pulmonary arterial pressure, PCWP, SVRI, PVRI, LVSWI, RVSWI, and PaCO2; (3) significant and acute changes in PaO2 and pH, with the most significant changes occurring within 90 seconds after clamping and then reaching a plateau; and (4) repeated UAO increases in SVRI and PVRI. In conclusion, upper airway obstructions may possibly induce serious ABG and HD changes in humans, as it does in normal dogs.

Airway Obstruction↗

PubMed1990

Application of a procedure starting with an HIV-I/HIV-2 mixed EIA.

A procedure to diagnose the infections by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) was proposed. The specimens were first screened by a mixed enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the presence of antibodies to HIV-1 as well as to HIV-2. Those screened positive were thereafter confirmed and differentiated their antibody reactivities toward the antigens of HIV-1 and HIV-2 by Western blot (WB). This procedure was found to be one hundred percent accurate to diagnose 66 coded specimens with well defined seroreactivities to HIV-1 from Centers for Disease Control (CDC). While its accuracy in HIV-2 antibody testing could not be evaluated in the present study owing to the lack of HIV-2 standard reference specimens. With this procedure, six out of each of two groups of 176 foreigners and 719 individuals who visited the Taipei Municipal Venereal Disease Control Institute (TMVDCI) were screened repeatedly reactive by the mixed EIA. By WB only four of the first six and two of the second six were confirmed HIV-1 positive. Their antibody reactivities toward HIV-2 antigens were either absent or significantly much lower than those toward HIV-1 antigens. Furthermore, none reacted to the env proteins gp160 and gp120 of HIV-2. We therefore concluded that out of the 895 test individuals, only six were confirmed infected with HIV-1. There were neither HIV-2 infections nor dual infections. The similar pathogenicity and trans mission of HIV-2 as of HIV-1 justify an equal appreciation for HIV-2 testing. The present study indicated that a procedure starting with a mixed EIA aimed to diagnose HIV-1 as well as HIV-2 did not have any adverse effects on HIV-1 testing.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemical detection and ultrastructural features of solitary plasmacytoma of maxillary bone--case presentation].

Plasma cell neoplasm have been classified as multiple myeloma, solitary plasmacytoma and extramedullary plasmacytoma. The solitary plasmacytoma of maxilla is a rare condition. It is a single focus of myelomatous tissue with no dissemination to other parts of the skeleton. This paper presents a case of solitary plasmacytoma in the maxillary bone. Roentgenographic examination revealed a cystic-like osteolytic lesion over the left posterior portion of maxillary bone, invading maxillary sinus. The CT scan showed the tumor mass occupied the left maxillary sinus and lateral wall of the nasal cavity, protruding to the buccal side of the left face. The tumor cells were composed of densely packed round and polygonal cell structures which were scattered in relatively sparse stoma. The neoplastic cells have large, single eccentric nucleus, resembling typical plasma cells. The ultrastructural studies of tumor cells revealed numerous endoplasmic reticulum. There were arranged in a lamellar pattern, large numbers of mitochondria in perinuclear distribution and prominent Golgi complex. Nuclei showed patch condensation of chromatin and large nucleoli. The monoclonal staining (anti-Kappa and anti-IgG) of tumor cells by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase immunohistochemical technique, proved that the plasma cell lesion is neoplastic in nature. The tumor mass was eradicated by total resection, followed by X-ray radiation (4200 RADS). The patient is in good physical condition. There has been no clinical evidence of recurrence three years after surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible--a case report.

Aneurysmal bone cysts originating in the craniofacial region have seldom been reported in Taiwan. A case of aneurysmal bone cyst arising in the right mandible of a 15-year-old Chinese boy was presented with both the roentgenographic and microscopic findings. In view of the high recurrent rate and the large destructive mandibular lesion, segmental resection with immediate bone grafting for reconstruction and a conscientious follow up regimen was employed. The etiology and pathogenesis of this interesting lesion remained unclear but several theories were reviewed and the differential diagnosis of this lesion was also discussed. Furthermore, immunoperoxidase staining for Factor VIII related antigen was performed to help differentiate between the aneurysmal bone cyst and a central hemangioma and then to elucidate the pathogenesis of the former.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Calcifying odontogenic cyst presenting as a lateral periodontal cyst--a case report.

We report a case of the calcifying odontogenic cyst occurring on the left anterior mandible of a 41-year-old male with clinical and radiographic features which made it initially to be a lateral periodontal cyst. This unusual presentation of a calcifying odontogenic cyst is discussed and its significance for the clinician is reviewed. A calcifying odontogenic cyst may present some problems for the differential diagnosis both clinically and histopathologically. The differential diagnosis of a lesion occurring in a lateral periodontal location should include the calcifying odontogenic cyst.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

The association between oligohydramnios and intrauterine growth retardation.

Among 147 cases of suspected intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) identified based upon ultrasonic abdominal circumference below the tenth percentile, 56 were confirmed IUGR infants at birth and 91 were non-IUGR infants. Eight of 316 control fetuses with abdominal circumference above the tenth percentile turned out to be IUGR infants at birth. The incidence of oligohydramnios was strikingly different among the three groups: 29% for the IUGR group, 9% for the non-IUGR group, and 0.6% for the controls (P less than .001). When the criteria of abdominal circumference below the tenth percentile and presence of oligohydramnios were used together, the positive predictive value doubled (from 38.1 to 66.7%; P less than .01). Oligohydramnios developed some time after the somatic evidence of fetal growth retardation in all cases in this study. Finally, there were no significant differences between fetal growth retardation with or without oligohydramnios with respect to maternal risk factors or fetal outcome. We conclude that in fetal growth retardation, the occurrence of oligohydramnios during the third trimester of pregnancy is not associated with worse fetal outcome.

Female↗

PubMed1990

General anesthesia with propofol (continuous intravenous infusion) supplemented with nitrous oxide: comparison with isoflurane.

Thirty adult surgical patients (ASA I-II) undergoing superficial operations of short duration (about 1h) were arbitrarily divided into two groups. In group A (n = 15), anesthesia was induced with propofol, 2 mg/kg, iv. After endotracheal intubation with the aid of succinylcholine (1 mg/kg, iv), anesthesia was maintained by continuous iv infusion of propofol (0.05-0.2 mg/kg/min) with nitrous oxide and oxygen (2:1). In group B (n = 15), induction and endotracheal intubation were accomplished using thiopental (4 mg/kg, iv) and succinylcholine (1 mg/kg). Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane (0.5-2.0%), nitrous oxide and oxygen (2:1). Atracurium was used in both groups as muscle relaxant. Hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation and during operation were not significantly different between the two groups. However, recovery to verbal command and orientation was significantly more rapid in the propofol group (7.8 +/- 4.8 min and 11.2 +/- 5.1 min) than in the isoflurane group (15.6 +/- 4.9 min and 22.6 +/- 6.0 min). In conclusion, continuous propofol infusion combined with nitrous oxide and muscle relaxant is suggested as a better method compared with isoflurane for short operations because of more rapid complete recovery.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Is it necessary to rotate the epidural needle to obtain successful sacral segment block?

The effect of rotating the level of touhy needle to obtain successful sacral blockade was controversial. During the rotation, dural puncture was reported by some studies. In our study, we divided forty patients into two groups randomly. They all belonged to ASA I-II, receiving epidural needle insertion at L 2-3 epidural space, before epidural catheter was inserted. Total of 10 mL of 2% xylocaine was injected into the epidural space. In group A, the level of Touhy needle was pointed upward, that is, parallel to the ligament flavum. In group B, the level was pointed caudally. We determined the cutaneous extension of loss of cold sensation by using a swab of cotton wool soaked with alcohol 15 min and 25 min after the test injection. Our result showed no different in loss of cold sensation in sacral area between these two groups. So we concluded that there is no need to rotate the epidural needle for sacral blockade.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Screening of Taiwanese crude drugs for antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans.

Preliminary antibacterial screening of local crude drugs was carried out using the cariogenic bacterium, Streptococcus mutans. Of 79 aqueous extracts tested, 6 crude drugs were shown to have significant antibacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration equal to or lower than 7.8 mg/ml (expressed in terms of dry starting material). Of these effective crude drugs, Morus australis, Ludwigia octovalvis and Thuja orientalis were very effective in inhibiting the growth of serotypes c and d of S. mutans (MIC less than or equal to 2.0-7.8 mg/ml). Elephantopus scaber, Artemisia vulgaris, Mosla chinensis and Orthosiphon aristatus also exhibited considerable antibacterial activity (MIC = 7.8-23.4 mg/ml) against both serotypes. In the presence of 5% sucrose, the antibacterial potency of the majority of the extracts did not change for type c, while the potency decreased about one-half for type d.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1989

Cloning and characterization of a tandemly repeated DNA sequence in the crane family (Gruidae).

A tandemly repeated DNA sequence possessing a unique PstI site has been characterized in several species of the crane family. The "Pst family" comprises at least 8800 monomer units 187 base pairs (bp) in length and constitutes 0.14% of the genome of the sarus crane (Grus antigone). The array is located in the centromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 2 in the two species where in situ hybridizations of a cloned monomer to metaphase chromosome spreads were carried out. DNA sequence comparisons between five monomer units from G. antigone revealed a high degree of homology between four of the individual repeats, while the fifth was somewhat divergent. The G + C content deduced from the DNA sequence makes it likely that the Pst family constitutes part of a density satellite seen in profiles of crane DNA centrifuged to equilibrium in CsCl. The common occurrence of tandem arrays such as the Pst family, with repeat lengths close to 200 bp, leads us to an hypothesis implicating nucleosomes in the evolution of such families.

Animals↗