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Biomedical subjects

B Trollfors

Publications and source records attributed to B Trollfors.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Liver function during treatment with cefuroxime.

The liver function was studied in 15 patients before and during treatment with cefuroxime. Four elderly patients had a prolonged half-life of galactose at admission but they all showed declining values during the cefuroxime treatment. Only in one patient did the galactose half-life increase during treatment (from 14 to 25 min.). This patient was an old diabetic who also had prostatic cancer. Cefuroxime treatment seems to be well tolerated also in patients with signs of impaired metabolic liver function at start of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clinical course of whooping cough in children younger than six months.

The patient records of 59 children aged 2--26 weeks with culture-verified pertussis were analysed. Twenty-four of them were hospitalized, in most cases for social reasons. Only one child with hypothyroidism and a complicating pneumonia was critically ill. Seventeen of the 35 non-hospitalized patients had a mild disease without developing typical whooping attacks. Thirteen children were treated with erythromycin in the catarrhal stage. There was a tendency towards milder disease in this group but the differences compared to untreated children were not statistically significant.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis of sputum and blood for the diagnosis of chest infections caused by pneumococci or Haemophilus influenzae.

In 107 patients with lower respiratory tract infections, counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) of blood and sputum, bacterial cultures of blood, sputum and nasopharyngeal secretion, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibody determination were performed, with special reference to pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae. For pneumococci CIE of sputum was superior to culture especially in antibiotic-treated patients. The clinical significance of a positive CIE of sputum was supported by close correlation to significant antibody increase. The usefulness of CIE regarding H. influenzae was more difficult to evaluate.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Local and Gastrointestinal reactions to intravenously administered cefoxitin and cefuroxime.

Side effects of cefoxitin and cefuroxime were noted in 2 different studies during intravenous treatment for at least 14 days. In the cefoxitin group of 33 patients thrombophlebitis was observed in 3 cases and diarrhoea in 4 cases. In the cefuroxime group of 31 patients 1 case of thrombophlebitis was noted and 5 cases of diarrhoea occurred. Most patients with diarrhoea had decreased renal function or received higher dosage of the antibodies than the other patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Effect of erythromycin and amoxycillin on Bordetella pertussis in the nasopharynx.

The effectiveness of oral erythromycin and amoxycillin in eradicating Bordetella pertussis from the nasopharynx was compared. Erythromycin in a dosage of 40--50 mg/kg/day was significantly more effective than amoxycillin in a dosage of 25--30 mg/kg/day. The organism did not disappear in three cases receiving a lower dosage of erythromycin. As antibiotic treatment does not affect the clinical course of fully-developed whooping cough, erythromycin is indicated primarily when particularly susceptible individuals are threatened by exposure. In such cases erythromycin should be given as soon as whooping cough is suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects on renal function of treatment with cefoxitin alone or in combination with furosemide.

The glomerular filtration rate measured by 51Chrome-EDTA and serum half life of cefoxitin were followed in patients with preexisting moderate renal impairment. The patients were treated with cefoxitin for two to three weeks because of chronic serious infections. The dose used in patients with an initial clearance of more than 40 mg/ml was 1 g three times daily giving a mean peak concentration of 100 microgram/ml. Seven patients were treated with cefoxitin alone and twelve with cefoxitin and furosemide (80 mg daily orally). The glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly during treatment time. There were no signs of accumulation of cefoxitin as serum half life of the drug remained unchanged both in patients treated with and without furosemide concurrently.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary alanine aminopeptidase and beta 2-microglobulin as measurements of aminoglycoside-associated renal impairment.

The value of urinary alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) and urinary beta 2-microglobulin as predictors of aminoglycoside-associated nephrotoxicity was studied in 46 patients treated with gentamicin or tobramycin. In three patients serum creatinine increased by more than 50 mumol/l. Urinary AAP increased in virtually all patients. The degree of these increases could not be correlated to subsequent increases in serum creatinine. Increases in urinary beta 2-microglobulin were also seen in many patients who did not show subsequent increases in serum creatinine. Moreover, urinary beta 2-microglobulin was elevated before the onset of aminoglycoside treatment in many patients with septicaemia and malignant diseases, thus making an evaluation of antibiotic-induced changes impossible. These results indicate that neither urinary AAP nor urinary beta 2-microglobulin can be used to predict aminoglycoside-associated nephrotoxicity of clinical importance in individual patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive infections caused by Haemophilus species other than Haemophilus influenzae.

In a retrospective study covering a 13-year period and a population of 817,900 inhabitants, 13 cases of invasive infection caused by Haemophilus species other than Haemophilus influenzae were found. Ten of the infectious episodes were caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae and three by Haemophilus aphrophilus. The clinical manifestations comprised endocarditis, meningitis, pleuropneumonia, epiglottitis and septicaemia from an unknown focus. These 13 infectious episodes caused by uncommon Haemophilus species constituted less than 3% of the total number (473) of invasive Haemophilus infections registered during the same period of time. Invasive H. influenzae infections were more common in all age groups than infections caused by other Haemophilus species. In contrast to H. influenzae infections, which predominate in childhood, invasive infections due to uncommon Haemophilus species had no predilection for any age group.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum antibodies to the components of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine in Polish children related to vaccination status.

In Poland vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) is recommended from 2-3 months of age. Three doses at approximately 6-week intervals are given. A booster dose of DTP is given at 19-24 months and boosters of DT at 6 and 14 years. In this study serum samples were obtained from 166 Polish children aged 2 weeks to 14 years. Vaccination status was verified from the children's Health Books. Antibodies were determined against pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin, tetanus toxoid and diphtheria toxin. Antibodies of maternal original against all five antigens were detected in almost all sera from infants not yet vaccinated. Antibody levels increased with the number of vaccinations given. Children who had recently received the fourth vaccination had the highest antibody levels. Antibody levels decreased with time after the fourth vaccination for all antibodies except FHA. It was concluded that the Polish whole cell pertussis vaccine stimulates antibodies against pertussis toxin, FHA and pertactin, but that antibodies against FHA probably also are stimulated by cross-reacting antigens. Diphtheria toxin and tetanus toxoid antibodies were above protective levels in all vaccinated children, but the long-term decreases justify the booster dose at 14 years. Twenty-five of 166 children (15%) had a vaccination status which deviated from recommendations demonstrating a need to increase the vaccination rate.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗