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B Trollfors

Publications and source records attributed to B Trollfors.

170 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical characteristics of nephropathia epidemica in Sweden: prospective study of 74 cases.

Clinical symptoms and laboratory measures of renal and liver function, coagulation, and inflammatory parameters were prospectively studied in 74 hospitalized patients (14-74 years of age) with serologic evidence of nephropathia epidemica. The most common clinical findings were acute onset of symptoms, fever (greater than or equal to 38 degrees C), thirst, headache, nausea, back pain, vomiting, myalgia, and abdominal pain. Twenty-seven patients (37%) had hemorrhagic manifestations, i.e., epistaxis, melena, hematemesis, petechial bleeding, macroscopic hematuria, or metrorrhagia. Disseminated intravascular coagulation developed in four patients. Fifty-one percent had thrombocytopenia. Proteinuria was recorded for all patients, while hematuria and glucosuria were noted for 85% and 58%, respectively. Serum creatinine levels were elevated in 71 (96%) of the patients. Levels of C-reactive protein or erythrocyte sedimentation rates were elevated in all cases, usually to levels found in serious bacterial diseases. Sixty-six (89%) of the patients were followed for up to 7 months, at which time all had recovered clinically. No patient died or required dialysis. We conclude that nephropathia epidemica in Sweden has a clinical picture similar to that of hemorrhagic fevers in other parts of the world, but with a milder course and a better prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive pneumococcal infections: incidence, predisposing factors, and prognosis.

A retrospective analysis of the case records of 494 patients with 508 episodes of pneumococcal infections verified by cultures from blood or from cerebrospinal, pleural, and/or synovial fluid from 1964 through 1980 is presented and discussed in relation to the literature on invasive pneumococcal infections. The documented incidence (1976-1980) of pneumococcal meningitis in a defined area of southwestern Sweden was similar to that reported from the United States; 1.4 cases per 100,000 persons per year; for nonmeningitic infections (mainly bacteremic pneumonia) the incidence was 6.1 per 100,000 per year. The highest age-specific incidence was seen in infants younger than two years. In the vast majority of patients, predisposing conditions (young or old age or severe underlying diseases) were present. In adults, alcoholism was the most important risk factor. The fatality rate was 33% for patients with meningitis and 15% for patients with non-meningitic infections, figures that were strikingly similar to those reported in other studies. Underlying diseases and young or old age contributed significantly to the high mortality rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence and prognosis of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in children in a Swedish region.

Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in children 0 to 15 years old was studied retrospectively in a defined region of southwest Sweden from 1971 through 1980; 147 patients with culture-verified H. influenzae meningitis were found. Sixty-seven of them were younger than 18 months and would not have been protected by a purified H. influenzae b polysaccharide vaccine. The age-specific yearly incidence was 27 per 100,000 in the 0- to 4-year age group, 4 per 100,000 in the 5- to 9-year age group and 1 per 100,000 in the 10- to 15-year age group. Predisposing factors were found in only three patients. Two patients died, 3 developed severe neurological sequelae and 19 developed irreversible auditory impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence and prognosis of acute epiglottitis in children in a Swedish region.

Acute epiglottitis, which is almost exclusively caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, was studied retrospectively in children 0 to 15 years old in a defined region of southwest Sweden from 1971 through 1980; 211 patients with clinically well-documented acute epiglottitis were found. The age-specific incidence was 14/100,000/year, which was higher than the incidence of H. influenzae meningitis. The median age was 4 years. Because 96% of the patients were older than 18 months, disease in those patients could theoretically have been prevented by the purified H. influenzae polysaccharide vaccine. Only a few patients had underlying diseases. In 186 patients an artificial airway was established. Even though all patients survived without sequelae, the large incidence of the disease emphasizes the importance of H. influenzae in older children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Salbutamol vs. placebo for treatment of pertussis.

The efficacy of salbutamol was assessed in a double blind placebo controlled crossover study in nine hospitalized children with whooping cough in the convulsive stage verified by culture or serology. The children were 1.5 to 27 months old (median, 4 months). The dosage of salbutamol was the one normally used and supplementary treatment was standardized. Salbutamol was found to give no significant effects on the course or severity of whooping cough in the children treated.

Albuterol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in household contacts of patients with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis and epiglottitis.

In a retrospective nation-wide Swedish study of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis and epiglottitis, a total of 500 cases of culture-verified meningitis and 841 cases of epiglottitis fulfilling strict clinical criteria were found during a three-year period. Eight families with two cases of these infections occurring with an interval of less than 60 days were identified. Four of the secondary cases occurred in siblings and four in mothers of the index case. Two of the secondary cases were twins to the index case. This shows that the risk of developing invasive H. influenzae infections is considerably increased in both siblings and parents of patients with invasive infection. Rifampicin prophylaxis, which is recommended in the United States for family contacts, would, however, prevent less than 1% of all invasive infections with H. influenzae.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis in a preterm neonate. Favourable outcome after prolonged acyclovir treatment.

We describe a case of recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) central nervous system infection in a preterm neonate. On two occasions, encephalitis occurred together with eruption of vesicles on the right arm, and the patient was treated with acyclovir. New recurrences of vesicles followed each attempt to discontinue antiviral treatment, and prompted a continuous long-term acyclovir prophylaxis. At three years of age, the patient has developed normally. The use of immunoblotting for serologic diagnosis of neonatal HSV-2 infection is demonstrated.

Acyclovir↗