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Biomedical subjects

B Trollfors

Publications and source records attributed to B Trollfors.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of cefoperazone on faecal flora.

The effect of cefoperazone on the intestinal flora was investigated in 29 patients receiving the drug for 7 to 14 days. Faecal specimens were cultured quantitatively for aerobic and anaerobic micro-organisms before, during and after therapy. The cefoperazone treatment was associated with major changes in the faecal flora. There was marked suppression of enterobacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, anaerobic cocci, bacteroides, fusobacteria, bifidobacteria, eubacteria and lactobacilli. The number of enterococci increased in most patients and the number of clostridia remained constant. Eight patients had cultures positive for Clostridium difficile during or after treatment. The marked changes in the intestinal flora can have important clinical consequences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Renal function in patients treated with tobramycin-cefuroxime or tobramycin-penicillin G.

In order to evaluate the potentiating effect of cefuroxime on tobramycin nephrotoxicity 21 immunocompromised patients with suspected septicaemia were randomized to treatment with either tobramycin + cefuroxime or tobramycin + penicillin G. 51Chromium-EDTA clearance, serum creatinine, serum beta 2-microglobulin, urinary, alanine aminopeptidase, urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and urinary beta 2-microglobulin were measured during a nine day course of the antibiotic combinations. Enzymuria and a small but significant decrease of 51Chromium-EDTA clearance of equal magnitude in both treatment groups occurred. However the results cannot be extrapolated to other doses and treatment times than used in the study.

Cefuroxime↗
PubMed1983

Ceftazidime in clinical practice.

In an open trial, the efficacy of intravenously administered ceftazidime was evaluated in 106 adult patients with urinary or respiratory tract infections, soft tissue infections, osteitis and septicaemia. The most commonly isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Of 85 organisms isolated before treatment, 79% were cleared and 15% were cleared but later relapsed often because of the underlying conditions. Clinical cure was achieved in 70%, improvement occurred in 25% of the patients and 6% failed to respond. Marked increases in serum creatinine occurred in three patients with pre-existing renal impairment treated with ceftazidime in unmodified dosage. Exanthema, diarrhoea or local thrombophlebitis was noted in 13 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains by coagglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis.

A total of 217 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were serotyped by coagglutination (COA) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). With all strains tested, there was full agreement between results obtained by COA and CIE, except for strains belonging to serotypes 7, 14, 33, and 37, which could not be typed by CIE. These strains were serotyped by passive immunodiffusion, results of which were in full agreement with those obtained by COA. Besides having the advantage of identifying strains belonging to all serotypes, COA was also more rapid and economical than CIE.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1982

Renal function of neonates during gentamicin treatment.

Thirteen newborn infants, 8 term and 5 preterm (gestational age 31 to 36 weeks), were treated for between 3 and 7 days with gentamicin and ampicillin or cloxacillin because of suspected bacterial infection. The dosage of gentamicin was carefully monitored by serum concentration assays. Urinary alanine aminopeptidase, urinary beta 2-microglobulin, serum urea, and serum beta 2-microglobulin were measured during and after the end of treatment to detect signs of renal toxicity. Levels of urinary aminopeptidase increased in 12 of them, indicating damage to the cells of the proximal tubuli. Changes in urinary beta 2-microglobulin followed the normal physiological course seen in neonates after birth. Serum levels of urea and beta 2-microglobulin did not indicate any drug-associated depression of glomerular filtration rate.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1981

Whooping cough in adults.

During the 1970s whooping cough returned in Sweden after an absence of more than 10 years and is now seen in all age groups, During a three-year period 174 adults with culture-verified whooping cough were identified in Gothenburg. Most of the patients had typical symptoms with whooping attacks and often vomiting. The disease was long lasting but complications were rare. Physicians should be aware that whooping cough may occur in adults, since adults may be an important source of infection for infants and erythromycin given in the catarrhal phase may modify the clinical course.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Estimation of glomerular filtration rate by serum creatinine and serum beta 2-microglobulin.

51Cr-EDTA clearance, serum beta 2-microglobulin and serum creatinine were measured simultaneously on 271 occasions in 114 patients. Serum beta 2-microglobulin was more sensitive than serum creatinine for detection of changes of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and for detection of a moderately reduced GFR. However, serum beta 2-microglobulin also had severe limitations when used to estimate GFR. The serum levels of the protein varied considerably in patients with similar GFR, probably due to different rates of synthesis of beta 2-microglobulin.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Quantitative nephrotoxicity of gentamicin in nontoxic doses.

The effect of gentamicin on the renal function of 36 patients was studied by means of several techniques. After normal or even subnormal doses of gentamicin, progressively decreasing rates of glomerular filtration, as measured by clearance of [51Cr]ethylenediaminetetracetic acid, were observed in a majority of the patients, although trough and peak concentrations in serum were well below accepted levels of gentamicin toxocity. Correspondingly, the serum half-lives of gentamicin tended to increase during the courses of treatment. Changes in levels of serum creatinine were not pronounced enough to demonstrate the decreasing rates of glomerular filtration. Studies on serum and urinary levels of a low-molecular-weight protein, beta2-microglobulin, indicated that gentamicin affects the kidney both on the glomerular and the tubular level. The results emphasized the need for monitoring of gentamicin dosages as well as the need for alternative antibiotics to treat patients with preexisting renal impairment.

Aged↗