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Biomedical subjects

B Müller

Publications and source records attributed to B Müller.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[The pharmacokinetics of pethidin (Dolcontral) of parturient and their new-borns (author's transl)].

The pharmacokinetic parameters were investigated after a single i.v. application of 50 mg of pethidine (Dolcontral) to women in labour and nonpregnant women. In comparison with the control group (4,2 h) the women in labour had a prolonged biological half life (7,5 h). Furthermore, there was a distinction of distribution parameters. The relation between the average concentration of pethidine in newborn and maternal serum was 0,72. The concentration of pethidine in newborn serum was stated always not as high as the corresponding maternal serum level. There was a significant correlation (r = 0,88) between maternal and fetal pethidine concentration. The half life of pethidine was found to be prolonged (17,2 h) in newborns within two days after birth. The distribution volume and the plasma distribution coefficient were repeatedly enhanced.

Female↗
PubMed1981

The influence of the calcium/phosphorus ratio in the diet on human bone disease, the role of nutritive secondary hyperparathyroidism.

60 out of 100 patients suffering from severe periodontal disease received a daily calcium supplementation of 1,000 or 2,000 mg during a period of 9 or 12 months. Different investigations such as PTH and serum parameters were not influenced by this treatment. However, animal experiments, as well as acute studies in men involving an oral phosphorus load, suggest that parathyroid secretion might be increased by a lowered calcium/phosphorus ratio. Therefore it is possible that a diet too low in calcium could contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The lacking effect of calcium therapy implies very strongly that other factors are more important for the development of this disorder.

Calcium↗
PubMed1980

Research on pharmacokinetics during pregnancy.

The pharmacokinetics of some drugs important for treatment in pregnancy were studied in several groups, women in stage III of pregnancy, women in labour and non-pregnant women as a control group. The half-life of elimination of the drugs is one of the most important parameters in pharmacokinetics. The following drugs were used: noramidopyrine methane sulphonate sodium, aminophenyzone, pethidine, methaqualone, ampicillin, cephalothin, chlorsulfamethin, and indocyanine green. The results show that all drugs except cephalothin had a prolonged half-life during labour. In contrast to this the half-life of most of the drugs is diminished in pregnancy. The extent and direction of the changes depend on the pathway of elimination and on the rate of biotransformation of the drug.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1980

[Thyreotrophic hypophysial function after surgery for euthyroid goiter or autonomous adenoma].

44 euthyroid patients with nodular goiter and 23 patients with autonomous adenomas were treated by hemithyrectomy or subtotal thyrectomy. Thyroid function was followed over 6 weeks post-operation by TRH tests, which were performed before and at the 5th, 14th, 28th and 42nd day after operation. Bilateral subtotal thyrectomized patients with euthyroid goiter showed a continous increase of basal and TRH stimulated TSH level into the hypothyroid range. 19 of 25 patients were hypothyroid 6 weeks after operation. In contrast, 14 of 19 hemithyrectomized patients with euthyroid goiters remained euthyroid during the time investigated; 5 patients showed a transient TSH increase into the hypothyroid range but were euthyroid again after 6 weeks. TSH levels obtained from patients operated for autonomous adenoma may not yet reflect thyroid function during the time interval investigated here. We conclude that all patients with euthyroid goiter after bilateral subtotal thyrectomy should receive hormone substitution because they are at high risk to develop recurrency. However, we propose that in patients hemithyrectomized for euthyroid goiters the decision of long term hormone substitution should be cased on the result of a TRH-test 3--4 month after operation. Substitution with thyroid hormone should be preferred to iodide because it is unclear yet how far a failure in iodide organification and hormone synthesis is the reason for goiter recurrency.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

[The pharmacokinetics of cephalothin during the late stage of pregnancy and in the course of labour (author's transl)].

Using an open one- and two-compartment model, the authors studied the kinetics of cephalothin during pregnancy and in the course of labour as well as in a group of non-pregnant women. They found that the parenteral application of cephalothin leads to therapeutic levels in the serum, tissues and urine also during pregnancy and in the course of labour. The bearing of pregnancy and labour on the kinetics of cephalothin is but insignificant; consequently, no modification of the pharmacotherapy will be necessary.

Cephalothin↗
PubMed1980

[Mass spectrometric determination of pethidine in biological samples (author's transl)].

A mass spectrometric method for the determination of pethidine in nanogram range is described. This method excels by its high sensitivity and specificity, which ensures the reliable quantitative determination of the pharmacon also in complex media. Pethidine is extracted with ether from the respective sample together with its (D5) derivative (which is added as an internal standard) and directly (or after gas-chromatographic separation from other components) determined by mass spectrometry. The pethidine concentration is calculated from the ratio of the sums of the molecular ion intensities M+-pethidine/M+-(D5)-pethidine, which are obtained from the chromatographic column by repetitive scanning during the elution of pethidine and its (D5) derivative, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Excretion of pethidine in mother's milk (author's transl)].

Each of nine nursing mothers received one single intramuscular injection of 50 mg pethidine (Dolcontral), between the third and eighth days from childbirth. The highest pethidine concentration, 0.526 mumol/l or 0.13 microgrms/ml, was recorded from breast milk, two hours from application. After 24 hours, the concentration had dropped to 0.081 mumol/l or 0.02 microgram/ml. - The milk-serum quotient was in excess of 1.0. A correlation was found to exist between pethidine concentrations in the serum, on the one hand, and those in mother's milk, on the other. - One single application of Dolcontral is not expected to be of harmful effect on the newborn.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1979

[Studies on the kinetics of methaqualone during the late stage of pregnancy (author's transl)].

After oral administration of 0.4 g of methaqualone to pregnant and non-pregnant women, the authors stated that the half-life of this drug was significantly reduced during the last trimester of pregnancy. The two experimental groups showed no significant differences in the volume of distribution and the fictitious initial concentration. The commonly used therapeutical dosages are not likely to produce increased blood levels during normal pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Preliminary experience obtained from pregnancy attitude questionnaire (author's transl)].

An approach to measuring attitudes towards pregnancy (S-S-G by Lukesch and Lukesch, 1976) is described in this paper together with preliminary results so far obtained from random samples in the GDR. Findings have suggested an obvious need for adjusting the Normal Category to GDR conditions. Attitudes taken during pregnancy also were found to depend more strongly on whether the given pregnancy had been planned or not. Differences between attitudes towards pregnancy were quite clearly associated also with the education factor and resulting occupational status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Activation of an inhibitory noradrenergic pathway projecting from the locus coeruleus to the cingulate cortex of the rat.

Repetitive stimulation of the locus coeruleus evoked strong inhibition of the firing rate of about 50% of cells of the cingulate rat cortex. Forty per cent of the cells were not affected and 9% were excited by stimulation of the locus coeruleus. Pretreatment of the rats with reserpine and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine drastically reduced the percentage of cells inhibited by locus coeruleus stimulation. The cells inhibited in response to stimulation of the locus coeruleus as well as those not inhibited were depressed by microiontophoretically applied norepinephrine. This inhibitory action of NE was observed in rats anesthetized either with urethane, chloral hydrate or with Nembutal. The transsynaptically elicited, as well as the norepinephrine elicited, depression of the cells' discharge rate was antagonized by the microiontophoretically applied beta-receptor blocking drug MJ 1999. These data suggest that the inhibitory action on cingulate cortical cells of locus coeruleus stimulation is mediated by the dorsal ascending noradrenergic pathway.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1978

Influence of seminal plasma proteins on motility of rabbit spermatozoa.

Washed rabbit spermatozoa of freshly collected ejaculates were incubated in different fractions of seminal plasma proteins and examined for motility. Incubation media were protein fractions obtained by gel and ion-exchange chromatography. Motility was best maintained in the fractions which contained albumin, and rabbit serum albumin was more effective than bovine or human serum albumin. Concentrations of less than 4 mg rabbit serum albumin/ml resulted in markedly decreased motility.

Animals↗