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Biomedical subjects

B Jones

Publications and source records attributed to B Jones.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Lateral asymmetries in visual perception with and without eye movements.

A signal detection analysis was made of single letter recognition in the right and left visual fields. When letters were presented 2 degrees 3' to the right or left of a central fixation there were no significant differences between the fields in perceptual accuracy independent of bias when the subject maintained a central fixation point. However, when subjects were free to move their eyes a right field advantage was found. The results were discussed in terms of attentional bias theories and hemispheric specialization theories.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1978

Brain atrophy and intellectual impairment in heavy drinkers--a clinical, psychometric and computerized tomography study.

The frequency of cerebral and cerebellar atrophy was assessed by computerized tomography (CT) in 26 heavy drinkers. Findings were correlated with clinical deficits, with the results of psychometric testing using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), and with the alcoholic history and nutritional status. Cerebral atrophy was present in 19 cases (73%), 16 of whom also had cerebellar atrophy. There was a good correlation between the degree of cerebral hemisphere atrophy and age and length of drinking history, but a poor correlation between neurological deficits and atrophy. Impairment of visuo-spatial and visuo-motor functions with sparing of other non-dominant hemisphere functions and of verbal skills was the characteristic pattern found with the WAIS in 18 subjects; four showed a more global depression of intellectual function. The degree of cerebral hemisphere atrophy correlated significantly with the impairment of non-dominant hemisphere functions but not with total IQ.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Allograft cytotoxicity co-operation between alloimmune T cells and macrophages.

T cells from the spleens of C57BL 10 (H-2b) mice 7-12 days after immunization with P815Y (H-2d) mastocytoma cells have been shown to co-operate synergistically with an adherent component of non-immune starch induced peritoneal cells in the cytostasis of target cells. Although significant values for synergy could be obtained using the (125I) UdR incorporation assay to measure cytostasis, normal peritoneal cells were incapable of co-operating with T cells in cytolysis as measured by 51Cr release from pre-labelled target cells. Initially, the synergistic interaction was immunologically specific, but non-specific activity could be induced by challenge with specific antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Choledochocele demonstrated on percutaneous cholangiography: a patient with acute fulminant pancreatitis.

A patient with a choledochocele associated with development of acute fulminant pancreatitis is presented. Treatment had been severely compromised by this rare anomaly before it was identified by percutaneous cholangiography. Because it is potentially curable with surgery, identification of the lesion by percutaneous or intravenous cholangiography has important clinical significance.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Aging and decision criteria for the detection of tones in noise.

The performance of young (18--22 years) and old adults (55--64 years) on an auditory task was compared using signal detection procedures. Subjects used a confidence rating scale to report the presence or absence of a 6000 Hz pure tone embedded in Gaussian noise. The tone was set at eigher 35, 50, or 65 dB SPL. Younger subjects showed perfect sensitivity at all dB levels, and the sensitivity of older subjects increased as a function of the dB level. Discrimination was then tested at 20 and 30 dB in another sample of younger subjects. We found that this group tended to respond much less conservatively than the older group, even though the task was of comparable difficulty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prolonged allograft survival with niridazole, azathioprine, and prednisolone.

The immunosuppressive properties of niridazole, an antihelminthic drug, have been investigated in rats. When given orally in a dose of 50 mg/kg, it extended the median survival of cardiac allografts from 7 to 20 days. The immunosuppressive effect was not increased by giving either azathioprine or prednisolone concurrently but when all three drugs were combined, immunosuppression was profound and only two of eight grafts were rejected. Drug combinations incorporating niridazole at a lower dosage or for a shorter period were less effective, and azathioprine and prednisolone on their own or used together prolonged graft survival only marginally in this model. It is concluded that niridazole is a powerful immunosuppressive drug in this species and a synergistic effect can be obtained by using it in combination with azathioprine and prednisolone.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Niridazole as an immunosuppressive agent.

The immunosuppressive properties of niridazole, an antihelminthic drug, have been investigated in rats. When given orally at a dosage of 50 mg/kg it extended the median survival of cardiac allografts from 7 to 20 days. The immunosuppressive effect was not increased by giving either azathioprine or prednisolone concurrently, but when all three drugs were combined the immunosuppression was profound, and only 2 of 8 grafts were rejected. Drug combinations incorporating niridazole at a lower dosage or for a shorter period were less effective, and azathioprine and prednisolone on their own or together prolonged graft survival only marginally in this model.

Animals↗