Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Johansson

Publications and source records attributed to B Johansson.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Evidence that the amyloid fibril protein in senile systemic amyloidosis is derived from normal prealbumin.

Familial amyloidosis in different kindreds is associated with a variety of point mutations in the prealbumin gene, resulting in prealbumin variants which are believed to be amyloidogenic, i.e. prone to form amyloid fibrils. In the most common amyloid-associated variant, there is a methionine for valine substitution in position 30. We have studied the prealbumin-derived amyloid protein ASc1 in the common age-related senile systemic amyloidosis. Evidence is presented that there is no abnormality in the primary structure of prealbumin in this disease and that, in addition to complete prealbumin, fibrils contain prealbumin fragments lacking a significant part of the N-terminus.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Normal frequency of chromosome breakage in lymphocytes from patients with musculoskeletal sarcoma.

Spontaneous chromosome aberrations were studied in lymphocytes from 23 untreated patients with musculoskeletal sarcoma and 27 controls. Among the sarcoma patients, the mean gap, break, and gap + break events per 100 metaphases were 0.9, 2.2, and 3.0, respectively. The corresponding values for the control group were 1.3, 1.6, and 2.8. The mean number of aberrant mitoses was 2.4% in the sarcoma group and 2.5% in the controls. None of the differences between patients and controls were statistically significant. Thus, we found no evidence of inherent chromosome instability in patients with malignant mesenchymal tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Normal level of spontaneous chromosome breakage in lymphocytes from patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The frequency of spontaneous structural chromosome aberrations was studied in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes from 25 untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 25 controls. In the lymphoma group, the mean gap, break, and gap + break event frequencies (i.e., events per 100 cells) were 1.2, 2.1, and 3.4, respectively. The corresponding rates for the control group were 1.3, 1.5, and 2.8. The mean number of aberrant mitoses per 100 mitoses were 2.5 in lymphoma patients and 2.4 in controls. These differences between patients and controls were not significant (p greater than 0.05). Thus, no evidence of inherent chromosome instability or exposure to clastogenic agents in the lymphoma group was detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Duplication 18p with mild influence on the phenotype.

Duplication 18p was found in a 12-year-old girl whose father carried a balanced translocation involving the same chromosome segment, t(18;21)(p11;p11). Our patient had delayed speech development, mild psychomotor retardation, epilepsy, and minor anomalies, including a low nasal bridge, anti-mongolian eye slant, low-set ears, and narrowly arched palate. These findings are compared with eight previously published cases.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Bands involved in primary chromosome rearrangements in sarcomas are not constitutionally liable to breakage in sarcoma patients.

The localization of breakpoints in spontaneous chromosome aberrations, i.e., chromatid and chromosome gaps, breaks, and exchanges, has been studied in cultured skin fibroblasts from 34 untreated patients with musculoskeletal sarcoma and 38 controls. A total of 325 aberrations in the sarcoma group and 251 in the control group could be assigned to particular bands. The distribution was non-random (P less than 0.001) in both groups. Twenty-one bands in the sarcoma group and 20 in the control group appeared as hot spots, with 11 represented in both groups. Only three hot spots, all of which were present among both patients and controls, coincided with bands involved in primary sarcoma-associated chromosome rearrangements. The results indicate that the chromosome breakage pattern of non-malignant cells is similar in sarcoma patients and controls. Hence, the occurrence of primary structural rearrangements in sarcomas cannot be accounted for by any constitutional proneness to chromosome breakage at these bands.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic significance of immunoglobulin isotype expression in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Lymph node biopsies from 170 patients with untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of B-cell type were immunophenotyped and analyzed for the Ig heavy and light chain isotypes and their relation to prognosis. IgM alone was more frequently seen in high grade (53%) compared to low grade (20%) NHL. In contrast, IgM/IgD isotypes were more frequent in low grade (47%) than in high grade NHL (20%). IgG or IgA heavy chain, alone or in combination with other heavy chain isotypes, were expressed with the same frequencies in both low (32%) and high (27%) grade NHL. Clonally restricted kappa light chain expression was noted in 64% of low grade and 66% of high grade NHL patients. Only in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and immunocytoma (IC) was a shorter survival time noted for patients with tumors expressing IgG and/or IgA heavy chains compared to those expressing IgM or IgM/IgD (P less than 0.001). This difference was not seen as being low grade follicle center cell-derived (FCC) or high grade NHL. The expression of kappa light chains on the tumor cells was associated with a significantly longer survival in CLL and IC patients only (P less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Neonatal naltrexone treatment: effects on sexual and exploratory behavior in male and female rats.

The effect of neonatal naltrexone treatment (100 micrograms SC from day 1 to day 10) on copulatory and exploratory behavior in male and female rats was studied. In the female, neonatal naltrexone treatment enhanced copulatory (lordosis response) and exploratory behavior. An altered response to morphine was obtained; the effect of morphine on copulatory behavior was diminished while morphine's effect on exploratory activity was potentiated. The neonatal naltrexone treatment did not cause analogous effects in copulatory or exploratory behavior in the male rat. These data suggest that opioid mechanisms involved in the female copulatory and exploratory activity are established perinatally and can be influenced by early exposure to an opioid antagonist. It is concluded that there exist sex differences in this respect, both as to the sex-typical copulatory behavior and as to exploratory activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Miniplate osteosynthesis of infected mandibular fractures.

Miniplate osteosynthesis in cases of infected mandibular fractures in patients with reduced healing capacity and lack of cooperation has been evaluated. Thirty seven patients with 42 potentially infected mandibular fractures were treated by internal fixation with miniplates. Healing occurred in all cases. Postoperative infection was noted in 9 patients. Aspects of healing and indications for the method are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Comparison between renal parenchymal sonographic volume, renal parenchymal urographic area, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in children.

A comparison of renal size, expressed as ultrasonographic renal parenchymal volume and urographic renal parenchymal area, and renal function, measured as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), was made in two groups of children: (1) 21 patients with normal urograms and no signs of current disease and (2) 26 children with recurrent urinary tract infections or asymptomatic bacteriuria. Renal parenchymal volume was calculated using a water delay ultrasonographic device (Octoson). Renal parenchymal area was measured urographically. GFR and ERPF were determined from the clearances of inulin and PAH, respectively. In both groups a good correlation was found between both GFR and ERPF and total renal parenchymal volume as well as renal parenchymal area. The determination of renal parenchymal volume could possibly replace the determination of GFR and ERPF in healthy children and in children with urinary tract infections with normal and abnormal urograms.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1988

Suicide by driving an awl into the brain.

In this report, we describe an unusual method of suicide. A 35-year-old man with a history of manic-depressive psychosis and alcohol abuse killed himself by driving an awl into his brain. A theory of the reason for using this bizarre method is discussed, and the well-known question of homicide versus suicide in crime scene investigation is illustrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of atenolol on the left ventricular performance in patients with angina pectoris measured with isotope technique.

Working capacity, left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume and the phase of the left ventricular contraction were tested before and after 3 weeks of atenolol treatment in 14 patients with angina pectoris and coronary insufficiency diagnosed by thallium tomography. Eight patients (group A) increased their EF during exercise and six patients (group B) showed a decrease in EF when tested with placebo. When treated with atenolol the changes in EF during exercise were reversed in the two groups. Group B increased and group A decreased their EF. Atenolol caused an increase in working capacity in group B, but not in group A. In both groups atenolol caused an increased stroke volume and a decreased phase deviation at rest, while no significant volume changes or phase changes occurred during exercise. These results indicate that atenolol treatment had the most marked effect in patients with the most pronounced disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

No increased chromosome breakage in skin fibroblasts from patients with musculoskeletal sarcoma.

The frequency of structural chromosome aberrations was studied in cultured skin fibroblasts from 25 untreated patients with musculoskeletal sarcoma and 25 controls. Subepidermal skin biopsies from the sarcoma patients were taken either close to the tumor (10 patients), at a distance from the tumor, i.e., from a contralateral limb (8 patients), or from both sites (7 patients). The aberration frequencies in fibroblasts obtained from different locations did not differ significantly (P greater than 0.05). The two groups of fibroblast lines were therefore pooled, yielding a total of 25 sarcoma patients with the following mean frequencies of aberrant cells, and gap, break, and gap + break events: 5.3, 2.8, 3.2, and 6.1. Among the controls the corresponding rates were 5.1, 2.6, 3.2, and 5.8. The differences were not statistically significant. These results provide no evidence of local differences in chromosome aberration frequencies, or that inherent chromosomal instability is important for the pathogenesis of sarcomas.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

High doses of natural alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) in the treatment of multiple myeloma--a pilot study from the Myeloma Group of Central Sweden (MGCS).

alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) is a biological response modifier with a dose-dependent activity. The present study on the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma with high doses of natural alpha-IFN was designed to meet this dose-dependent concept. 50 previously untreated patients with IgA and BJ myelomas and a s-Creatinine less than or equal to 200 mumol/l entered the study. Various treatment schedules were tested. The initial plan was to give the patients 30 X 10(6) U alpha-IFN daily. This dosage, however, gave unacceptable toxicity. Step-by-step decreasing dose schedules were given to the patients, 10 X 10(6) U of alpha-IFN daily for 7 consecutive d repeated every 3rd week was found to be the maximal tolerable dose that could be given to most patients. 36% (95% confidence levels: 22%-50%) of the patients responded: 41% of the IgA myelomas and 23% of BJ myelomas. Median time to response was 1.5 months and median response duration was 20 months. Impaired general condition and central nervous system and gastrointestinal-related toxicity were the main adverse reactions. Hematological side-effects were mild.

Aged↗