Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Jacotot

Publications and source records attributed to B Jacotot.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Type II familial hyperlipoproteinaemia : value of plasma exchange treatment (author's transl)].

A 13-year-old boy with homozygous type II familial hyperlipoproteinaemia with marked cutaneous and tendinous xanthomatosis has been followed-up for a 3-year period. Signs of unstable angina developed at the age of 14 years, followed by the onset of a posterodiaphragmatic infarction at 16 years-ion. The usual poor spontaneous prognosis, and the lack of efficacy of medical treatment on blood cholesterol levels, led to suggest the use of plasmapheresis. Treatment was interrupted after three months in spite of its efficacy (blood cholesterol levels reduced by 36.2 p. 100 by the 3rd month); in fact, marked alterations in ventricular function, as shown by non-invasive exploratory tests, risked to provoke an ischaemic accident from hypovolaemia during plasma exchanges. This method is nevertheless the only one currently available that can appreciably lower cholesterolaemia levels in this affection. The treatment, which is not devoid of risks, should be undertaken during the early stages, before ventricular function deteriorates due to progression of atheroma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effects of probucol on the cholesterol content of skin in type II hyperlipoproteinemias.

500 mg of probucol were given twice a day for 6 months to 20 type II hyperlipoproteinemic patients, 14 men and 6 women, including 10 type IIb and 10 type IIa cases. Tendon xanthomas were present in 11 and xanthelasma in 4. Their mean blood cholesterol level was 435 +/- 100 mg/100 ml and triglycerides 210 +/- 138 mg/100 ml. A normal diet was maintained during the treatment period. Skin biopsies were made on the forearm, before and after the 6 month treatment. After lyophilization of the skin fragments, the free and esterified cholesterol contents were measured by gas chromatography after preparative thin layer chromatography on silica gel. The free and esterified cholesterol contents of the skin both appear to be significantly increased when the values found before treatment in these patients are compared with those of skin analysis in 10 normal controls: 2.25 to 1.58 micrograms/mg freeze-dried skin, p less than 0.001 for the esterified fraction. After 6 month probucol treatment the free cholesterol does not change significantly (2.25 to 2.16) and the esterified cholesterol increases (0.44 to 0.66, p less than 0.01). This effect is suggestive of an interaction of probucol with the synthesis and transport of cholesterol at the tissue level. It may be significant for the understanding of the effects of this drug and others on xanthelasma, tendon xanthomas, and atherosclerosis. In one of the cases studied here, the xanthelasma was greatly reduced during the treatment.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

Study of free and esterified cholesterol in skin in atherogenic hyperlipidemias.

Free and esterified cholesterol in the skin were assayed by gas chromatography after thin layer histochromatographic separation. There were 20 controls of both sexes, 36 subjects with type lla hyperlipoproteinemia, 27 with type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia and 19 with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Esterified skin cholesterol levels were higher in women with the type of lla disorder and in subjects with tendinous xanthomas. The levels of esterified skin cholesterol in type II women is not correlated with free skin cholesterol or with total circulating cholesterol; all these parameters are correlated in men. Furthermore, skin cholesterol levels were determined in 15 type II subjects before and after a six month treatment with the anticholesterolemic probucol. Cholesterolemia decreased 10 per cent, free skin cholesterol decreased slightly and esterified skin cholesterol increased significantly, as did the esterified/total skin cholesterol ratio. These data suggest the existence of a relationship between low vascular risk and elevated levels of esterified skin cholesterol (or elevated esterified/total skin cholesterol ratio).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Pulmonary interstitial electron dense deposits in lupus erythematosus. Interest of the transbronchial biopsy (author's transl)].

The case reported concerned a patient 44 years old, affected by a systemic lupus erythematosus for 18 years and admitted for an acute respiratory distress due to a bronchopulmonary infection. After this episode an interstitial chronic lung disease is diagnosed (reticulonodular pattern on the chest X-ray, functional restrictive syndrome). The study of the transbronchial lung biopsy by electron microscopy revealed interstitial electron dense deposits. This observation focussed on the interest of this technic of morphological study mainly in chronic lung interstitial diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Free and esterified cholesterol of the skin in atherogenic hyperlipidemias].

Skin free and esterified cholesterol were assayed using gaseous chromatography following plaque histochromatography separation in 20 control, 36 patients with Type II a hyperlipoproteinemia, 27 with Type II b hyperlipoproteinemia and 19 with Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Skin esterified cholesterol was higher in females with Type II a hyperlipoproteinemia without or with xanthomatosis. But the skin esterified cholesterol level was not correlated with skin free cholesterol nor with blood total cholesterol levels, while in males these parameters were well correlated. On the other hand skin cholesterol was assayed in 15 patients with Type II hypercholesterolemia before and after a 6-month treatment with Probucol: there was 10p. 100 reduction of cholesterol level, and a weak decrease in skin free-cholesterol; in contrast, skin esterified cholesterol increased significantly as well as the skin esterified cholesterol/skin total cholesterol ratio (EC/TC). These data suggest a connection between weak vascular risk and skin esterified cholesterol high level (or high EC/TC in skin).

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Effects of probucol on skin cholesterol concentrations in patients with type II hyperlipoproteineamia (author's transl)].

Twenty patients (14 male and 6 female) with hyperlipoproteineamia (type IIa in 10 and type IIb in 10) were given probucol 500 mg b.d. during 6 months. Eleven patients had xanthoma tendinosum and 4 had xanthelasma. The mean plasma cholesterol and plasma triglyceride levels were 435 +/- 100 mg/dl and 210 +/- 138 mg/dl respectively. Normal diet was continued throughout. Skin biopsies were performed on the forearm before and after treatment. The skin fragments were freeze-dried, and free (FCh) and esterified (ECh) cholesterol concentrations were measured by gas chromatography after preliminary thin layer chromatography on silica gel. FCh and ECh were found to be significantly increased before treatment when compared with skin concentrations in 10 control subjects; FCh ranged from 2.25 to 1.58 microgram/mg (p < 0.001) and ECh from 0.44 to 0.16 microgram/mg of dry tissue (p < 0.001). After 6 months' treatment with probucol, there was no significant change in FCh (2.25 to 2.16 microgram/mg), but a significant rise was observed in ECh (0.44 to 0.66 microgram/mg; p < 0.01). This effect suggests that probucol interferes with cholesterol synthesis and transport in human tissues, which might help to comprehend the action of this and other drugs on xanthelasma, xanthoma tendinosum and atherosclerosis. In one of the patients, a xanthelasma was considerably reduced in size following probucol treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effects of three dietary fats on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in fasting and post-prandial humans after a short-term diet.

The effects of 3 dietary fats (olive oil, canbra oil and butter) on the fatty acids of blood lipids and on serum lipoproteins were compared in 6 healthy adult outpatients, after a 6-day normocaloric diet including 35% of the studied fat. Important, although incomplete, changes appeared in the fatty acid composition of the various serum lipids and in the composition and distribution of serum lipoproteins. These changes probably result from the degree of saturation of the fat ingested. Moreover, differences were observed among individual subjects. Genetic differences, which are important in clinical practice, are stressed in connection with risks of vascular diseases and hyperlipidemia and affect intestinal fat absorption and lipoprotein metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Application of two multi-dimensional analytical methods to histological study of the aorta in dietary atherosclerosis of the rabbit.

Multivariate analysis (principal component analysis, discriminant analysis) have been applied to the histological data of arterial lesions in experimental atherosclerosis of the rabbit. We carried out a comparative study of: 1. the lesion observed at three levels of the aortas; origin of the aorta, thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta, and 2. the lesions according to the type of fat ingested during the experimental period. Five edible fats were studied: butter, olive oil, arachid oil, rapeseed oil rich in erucic acid, and rapeseed oil poor in erucic acid (Primor). This study re-affirms the possible importance of the above mentioned methods in evaluation by histology of lesions induced in the arteries by the different hyperlipidic regimens. Indeed these methods are complementary and enable the introduction of statistical methods in the quantitative evaluation of morphological lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Type V hyperlipemia. 54 cases (author's transl)].

Type V hyperlipemia is not very common. The series of 54 cases descrubed here is the largest reported to date. Our observations were recorded when lipidograms showed the presence of chylomicrons and a large pre-beta-lipoprotein spot in the serum of fasting subjects. Type V hyperlipemia was often combined with other metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, hyperuricemia or gout, or obesity. Chronic alcoholism was also noted in half our subjects, in whom hyperlipemia quickly regressed after alcohol consumption ceased. Ischemic arterial complications, chiefly coronary, were found in one third of our cases, and the vascular risks accompanying this type of hyperlipemia rose considerably in patients with high blood pressure. Various type of treatment were administered, but all subjects were put on a special diet, comprising either the elimination of alcoholic drinks only, or, in addition to this, reduced carbohydrate or calorie intake. As a rule, these measures resulted in a distinct regression of lipid anomalies. Clofibrate or derivatives proved effective in cases where hyperlipemia failed to respond to dietary measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Biochemical and experimental aspects of the lipid-lowering drugs pharmacology (author's transl)].

The analysis of the mode of action of lipid-lowering drugs requires a better understanding of the lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism processes. The strides observed during the last years in this field are conditioning the development of pharmacologic and therapeutic researches. Moreover the use of new experimental models contributes to this progress by multiplying the study ways.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Comparative effects of canbra oil and butter on lipdemia, vitamin A tolerance and thrombosis factors in man.

In a five-day clinical test, the dietary effects of canbra oil and butter on normal human subjects were studied with special reference to lipid metabolism, clotting times and platelet functions. There was no difference between the canbra oil and butter diets as regard triglyceridemia or clotting times, but cholesterolemia and in vitro platelet aggregation by ADP dropped significantly in subjects fed the canbra oil diet. The platelet count did not change significantly. A possible explanation of these results might to be the difference in the fatty acid composition of canbra oil and butter.

Adolescent↗