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Biomedical subjects

B Helpap

Publications and source records attributed to B Helpap.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The cellular reaction of kidney after different physical injuries.

Autoradiographic investigations on kidney cells were performed after focal cryolesions (-180 to -196 degrees C) and focal heat application (740 degrees C). Cells were studied 12 h to 30 days after the lesions had been produced. In the damage granulation tissue the percentage of radioactively labelled fibroblasts as well as the percentage distribution of leucocytes, monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and fibrocytes and the mean cell concentration were determined. There were no significant differences in the leucocytic and monocytic cell reactions after the two types of physical injuries. However, the percentage of fibroblasts, fibrocytes and macrophages was higher and the percentage of lymphocytes lower after cryonecrosis when compared to heat application. The cell concentration increased during the last 2 weeks of the experimental time after a thermolesion. The labelling index of the wound fibroblasts was significantly higher after the 10th day after thermonecrosis than after in sinus freezing. The increased cellular activity 2 to 4 weeks after heat coagulation of the kidney was probably induced by the delayed resorption of the carbonised necrotic tissue. The reduced phagocytic activity of macrophages might have depended on alteration and modification of molecular cell structures which were different after heat application of freezing. The different lymphocytic reaction seems to be the consequence of different immune responses of the lymphatic system. It is suggested that focal thermolesions may have a stimulatory effect on the cell-mediated immune response and that focal cryonecrosis may induce an increase in humoral immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Giant-cell reaction in the small tubular bones. A light- and electron-microscopic study.

Light- and electron-microscopic investigations were performed in a case of cystic soap-bubble-like expansion of the shaft region of the second metatarsal bone. Morphologically, strongly cellular tissue with a closely packed net of osteoid trabeculae containing osteoblasts and a whorl-shaped spindle cell stroma with fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and irregularly scattered multinucleated giant cells of the osteoclast type were observed. After clinical and morphological exclusion of osteosarcoma, enchondroma, non-ossifying fibroma, osteoblastoma, osteoclastoma, and bone cysts the final diagnosis was giant-cell reaction of small tubular bone with unusual marked osteoid formation. As recurrences are possible, block resection appears more appropriate than curettage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cell kinetic and cytological grading of prostatic carcinoma.

In 69 cases of prostatic carcinomas The 3H-thymidine labelling index was studied, and a cytological analysis was performed in addition to the histological classification. The following cytological variables were measured: nuclear size and shape, nuclear-cytoplasmic-ratio, nuclear chromasia, size and form of nucleoli. Only prostatic carcinomas with a labelling index of less than 0.4% showed mild nuclear anaplasia. These carcinomas were histologically classified as well differentiated adenocarcinomas. Prostatic carcinomas with a labelling index from 0.4% to 1.0% showed moderate nuclear anaplasia. These carcinomas were poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Carcinomas with labeling indices between 1.4 and 2.3% had moderate - marked nuclear anaplasia and exhibited a transition to undifferentiated carcinomas. Carcinomas with a labelling index higher than 2.3% were cribriform and undifferentiated carcinomas with marked nuclear anaplasia. The present studies have shown a correlation between both histological classification and cytological appearances with indicators of cell kinetics.U

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Morphology of the lower esophagus after endoscopic varicosclerosation (author's transl)].

Submucous injection of 5 p.c. phenol in arachis oil in the lower esophagus can stop a bleeding from esophageal piles without considerable complications. Microscopical examinations on 14 human esophageal specimens demonstrate that phenol in oil as opposed to other sclerosing solutions produces only a mild, bland running inflammation in the tissue. Deep mucosal ulcerations, perforations of the wall, phlegmonous inflammations or mediastinitis could be observed. Nevertheless, under the intact esophageal mucosa a sufficient production of collagen fibres develops, which is effecting a varicosclerosation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Wound healing of liver and kidney after repeated thermocoagulation (author's transl)].

Two focal thermolesions were made on rats liver and kidney at an interval of 4 weeks, and comparative histological and cell kinetic studies were performed on the wound healing process after a single and repeated thermolesion(s). The wound healing after the thermolesion took place very gradually. An active granulation tissue was found till the 4th--5th week after the thermolesion. The resorption of the necrotic carbonized material was particularly difficult. Only after 6--8 weeks did the fibrous scarring start. The histological analysis of the granulation tissue and of the scar tissue showed no significant difference in cell components and cell density after the single and after the double thermolesion(s). Autoradiographically, however, it was shown that the proliferation maximum of fibroblasts in the granulation tissue and of mesenchymal cells in the surrounding uninjured tissues after the double thermolesions occurred 24 h later than after the single thermolesion. Furthermore, the labelling index of the fibroblasts in the granulation tissue was lower after double lesions than after the single lesion. Once the scar tissue was formed, there was no significant difference between the labelling indices of mesenchymal cells after single and double lesions. By the present study it was suggested that delayed wound healing after thermolesions may be caused by decreased proliferation activity of mesenchymal cells, combined with delayed resorption of carbonized material. An implication of altered T cell system in the delayed wound healing was also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The cellular response of T and B dependent areas of the spleen after focal thermocoagulation of liver and kidney.

Using 3H-thymidine autoradiography, the cellular response of the white splenic pulp after single or repeated thermolesions on liver and kidney was studied. Sham operations served as controls, and did not induce any significant changes in the splenic white pulp. After single or repeated thermolesions, the labeling index increased distinctly in the B and T cell areas. The central T-dependent periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS) showed an earlier rise of radioactively labeled lymphocytes after repeated thermolesions than after a single lesion. After a single heat coagulation of liver and kidney a dissociation of the germinal centers occurred with consecutive hyperplasia. However, compared with the splenic reaction after other surgical injuries, especially after cryosurgical operations, the response of the B-dependent splenic areas was weaker. The distinct reaction of the central T-dependent PALS supports the conception of a more prominent cell mediated immune response of the peripheral lymphatic system with temporary T cell dysfunctions. Possibly the inflammatory complications of burned patients and the delayed wound healing of thermosurgical tissue lesions may be caused by the alteration of the lymphatic system with a disturbed cooperation of T and B lymphocytes with macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Morphological changes in the terminal oesophagus with varices, following sclerosis of the wall.

Autopsies were performed on 53 patients with oesophageal varices treated with ethoxysclerol to effect sclerosis of the terminal oesophageal wall. The morphological changes after perivascular injection, disturbance of wound healing and complications are described. In 20 cases it was possible to follow the various stages of the normal resorptive inflammatory reaction with transition to perivascular sclerosis of the oesophageal wall. Fatal complications tended to arise in cases with an existing oesophageal lesion produced by the mechanical action of an oesophageal tube. Deeply penetrating mucosal ulcers, perforation of the wall and phlegmonous inflammation leading to mediastinitis were observed in almost 75% of the cases. The results of this morphological analysis might be used as a basis for a prospective morphological study of patients with varices treated with oil-containing solutions injected into the oesophageal wall.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1981

[Experimental investigations on cell loss and cell proliferation of the rat prostate after castration and androgen administration (author's transl)].

The rat prostate was used to investigate cell loss (numeric atrophy) and altered cell proliferation after castration. Cell loss was determined by the proportion of apoptotic bodies. The apoptotic index was considerable and reached a maximum in the coagulating gland on day 2 and in the other prostate lobes between days 4 and 8. Thereafter, cell loss was reduced and finally corresponded to that of control animals. Cell proliferation decreased and soon ceased at all. Androgen administration caused cell increase in all prostate lobes. Following a latent period of 35--40 h, the 3H-labeling index increased with a maximum on day 3. Values then fell and were minimal above control values. Rhythmically interrupted administration of testosterone resulted in a decreased ability to stimulate cell proliferation. This androgen-induced cell proliferation is a useful model for testing cell proliferation of the prostate. The combined determination of cell loss and the cell proliferation, therefore, may be important for the clinical examination of the hormonal responsiveness of prostatic carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Selective staining of eosinophils and their immature precursors in tissue sections and autoradiographs with Congo red.

The use of Congo red as an elective stain for eosinophilic granulocytes and their precursors in tissue sections and autoradiographs is demonstrated and discussed. The 0.5% alcoholic Congo red solution of Highman, normally used for the detection of amyloid, may also be used with only minor changes. This simple method may aid in the diagnosis of special hematological problems and facilitates the recognition of eosinophil granulocytes as well as proliferating and nonproliferating myelocytes in autoradiographs from paraffin sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Intraarterial chemotherapy in carcinomas of the oral cavity, oro- and hypopharynx (author's transl)].

Intraarterial chemotherapy using Methotrexate (MTX) was applied on 128 patients with carcinoma of the head and neck. If possible, the operation was performed followed by radiation, including cervical lymph nodes after initial chemotherapy. The aim of i.a. chemotherapy is to realise a partial remission of the tumor mass so that better conditions are available for the following operation respectively radiation. The 1 year NED results and the 3 year survival rate show an improvement in comparison with published results, including the regional lymph nodes metastases. This is especially the case when chemotherapy is followed by the operation and radiation. The tumor mass and in many cases the regional lymph nodes were reduced and subjective complaints were lessened. -- The additional i.a. chemotherapy with MTX seems to us justified, especially because of the low complication rate, although it is no substitute for radiation and surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Morphological and cell kinetic investigations on squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx under intraarterial therapy of methotrexat and irradiation (author's transl)].

To examine the effect of methotrexate therapy and irradiation morphological and cell kinetic studies were performed on squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx at the begin, the middle and the end of therapy. In the incubated biopsies the morphological pattern especially the proliferative activity of the carcinomas under therapy and after estimation of the mitotic index changed not significantly. However, the cell kinetic analysis by in vitro autoradiography with tritiated thymidine showed a continuous decrease of the labeling indices of tumor cells. These cell kinetic results were in good agreement with the clinical findings and supported a good response of squamous cell carcinomas on intraarterial methotrexate therapy as well as on irradiation.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1981

[Histological and cell kinetic studies of the growth of rat prostate of various ages].

Histologic and cell-kinetic investigations were performed on the developing prostate of growing rats. The ages ranged from 1 day to 15 months. The most intensive cell proliferation is observed within the first 2 weeks after birth. Thereafter, the cell proliferation decreases continually as the cellular differentiation of the prostatic glandular epithelium increases to form well-differentiated secretory cells. The second peak of cell proliferation occurs with the beginning of sexual maturation and an elevated testosterone production. But the rapid increase of prostatic weight at that time is mainly caused by an increased formation of secretory and interstitial tissue fluids. The different lobes of the adult prostate all exhibit the same cellular proliferation pattern. The prostate belongs to the organs with stable growth pattern and an only small cellular turnover. Mitotic figures are extremely rare under normal conditions. But this low cellular proliferative activity may be easily changed, in contrast to other organs with stable tissue and steady-state growth, i.e., liver and kidney, in dependence of hormone levels.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

[Regressive change in the rat prostate after castration. A study using histology, morphometrics and autoradiography with special reference to apoptosis (author's transl)].

The individual processes involved in involution of the prostate gland following androgen withdrawal are incompletely understood. The rat prostate was used to investigate cell loss (numeric atrophy), decrease in cell size (simple or cellular atrophy) and altered cell proliferation. The prostate gland was studied at various times after castration using histological, nuclear morphometric and 3-H-thymidine autoradiographic methods, as well as by measuring weight. Cell loss was determined by the proportion of apoptosis-bodies. Following castration a decreased formation of secretions and reduction in interstitial tissue fluid were observed, as well as reduced cell proliferation, which did not affect the weight, as the normal cell proliferation in all lobes of the prostate is extremely small. The nuclear size fell to 30%. The apoptosis index, i.e. cell loss, was considerable and reached a maximum in the coagulating glands on day 2, and in the other prostate lobes between day 4 and 8. After this time cell loss corresponded to that of control animals. Cell loss measured by apoptosis has proved to be reliable parameter of hormone-dependent regression of the prostate. The responsiveness of prostate carcinomas to hormone treatment can be tested possibly using alteration in the apoptosis index already some days after withdrawal of androgens.

Animals↗