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Biomedical subjects

B Helpap

Publications and source records attributed to B Helpap.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Should treatment of highly differentiated thyroid carcinoma be conservative?

On the basis of three selected cases (one with clinically occult follicular and two with metastatic papillary carcinoma) the necessity of a comprehensive therapeutic concept even in highly differentiated thyroid cancer is stressed. Thyroid tissue and regional metastases should be eliminated by surgery, followed by radioiodine therapy in any event. Radiation teletherapy should be reserved to patients with invasive tumor growth exceeding the organ capsule, with lymph node metastases, and with massive angioinvasive growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Grading and staging of urinary bladder carcinomas (author's transl)].

In a retrospective study, staging and grading of 2085 primary and recurrent urinary bladder carcinomas were determined according to WHO and UICC rules. Of the carcinomas 51% were papillary, 23% solid and 26% partly papillary and partly solid. 46.2% of carcinomas were correspondent to malignancy grade I, 37.7% to grade II and 16.1% to grade III. The depth of invasion was the greater the less the degree of differentiation. The uncorrected recurrence rate of carcinoma was 14.9%, 28% of the recurrences showed an increase in malignancy grade and (or) depth of invasion. The recurrence rate fell within the first three years from 76.8% to 8.2%. In addition, there was a high degree of coincidence between carcinoma grade III and severe urothelial dysplasia. The diagnosis of severe dysplasia is an indication for frequent cystoscopic and bioptic checks. Since the biological significance of urinary bladder carcinoma depends not only on the degree of malignancy but also on the depth of invasion and the readiness of carcinoma towards invasion, it is necessary for successful prospective studies, designed to evaluate the course of urinary bladder carcinoma and their therapeutic response, to incorporate exact staging and grading.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Electron-microscopic study of the development of the periarteriolar zone in splenic white pulp of rats.

To obtain more information concerning the origin of interdigitating cells, the postnatal development and morphology of the periarteriolar lymphatic sheath in splenic white pulp of rats was investigated by light- and electron-microscopy. Special attention was paid to the ontogeny of interdigitating cells. The spleens of the animals were studied in the age range from 1 h to 28 days after birth. The splenic white pulp of neonatal rats consists only of a few reticuloblasts, which are concentrically arranged around central arterioles. After 21 h an increase in promonocytes and monocytes was noted. Between the fifth and seventh postnatal day monocytogenic cells with a light and almost translucent cytoplasm appear, which display long cytoplasmic projections between the adjacent cells. Neighbouring lymphocytes often insert finger-like processes into the invaginated cellular membrane of these transitional forms. This intimate cellular contact is supported by zonulae occludentes. These cells represent transitional forms between monocytes and interdigitating cells. From seven days of age onwards typical interdigitating cells were present as in adult animals. After the differentiation into an inner and outer periarteriolar lymphatic sheath, the T-cell-dependent area of splenic white pulp has attained its adult appearance and further changes are not to be expected. On the basis of these findings, it is highly probable that interdigitating cells develop via transformation of monocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Regeneration of endocrine cells in the stomach.

A mucosal defect was produced by cryosurgery in the antral and the fundic wall of the rat stomach, and regeneration of gastric endocrine cells was studied 50, 100 and 200 days after operation. Fifty days after the operation, the mucosal defect was completely covered with regenerated epithelium. The regenerated mucosa both in the antral and in the fundic region consisted of mucinous glandular structures. The regenerated mucosa in the corpus remained pseudopyloric in type even 200 days after operation. Regardless of the time after operation, regeneration of endocrine cells was always observed. We could identify G cells and EC cells in the regenerated mucosa of the antrum, and EC cells, A cells and AL cells in the regenerated mucosa of the corpus, respectively. By electron microscopy, endocrine-exocrine cells were frequently encountered. These cells had two different types of intra-cytoplasmic granules; one was an endocrine-specific, small electron-dense granule, and the other a large, lucent mucin droplet-like granule. These findings indicate that the endocrine cells of the stomach are formed from endodermal precursor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Morphological and cell kinetic investigations of wound healing of rat kidney after local freezing ].

The effects of cryonecrosis in rat kidney after single and repeated local freezing were studied by morphological and cell kinetic methods. Shortly after single and repeated cryolesions a well-demarcated coagulation necrosis developed which was replaced by granulation tissue. 4 weeks after the second freezing only a small fibrous scar was visible. Cell analysis revealed no significant differences between single and repeated cryolesions. Autoradiographically, however, it was shown that the labelling index of fibroblasts in the granulation tissue was higher after repeated than after single cryolesions. The proliferation maxima of epithelial cells were delayed for 24 h. After 4 weeks the cell proliferation again had reached normal values. Hardly any differences between wound healing after single and after repeated cryolesion were found. Thus, repeated is advisable and no complications should be expected.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Results of chemoimmune prophylaxis of superficial bladder carcinoma (author's transl)].

41 patients with superficial urothelial bladder cancer were subjected to chemoimmune prophylaxis with i.v. cyclophosphamide and intravesical as well as systemic BCG treatment, after complete tumor resection. Compared with a historical patient control group treated by tumor resection alone, the chemoimmune treatment group exhibited a distinct reduction of the recurrence rate. This difference was most marked during the first 6 months postoperatively. The side effects of this treatment were tolerable. Our results are discussed with regard to the reported findings in the literature. Possible immune biological mechanisms of the tumor protection achieved by cyclophosphamide/BCG are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Combined nevus: malignant blue nevus and giant pigmented nevus (author's transl)].

A combined nevus occurring on the right temporal region of a 30-year-old man with multiple giant pigmented nevi on the head, trunk and extremities was surgically removed. Histologically, the cellular blue nevus found in the deep corium fulfilled the criteria of malignancy in so far as mitoses and foci of tumor necroses were present.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[On the treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid (author's transl)].

Treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid includes, in addition to possible total surgical removal of thyroid and tumour tissue, obligatory radio-iodine treatment as well as administration of thyroid hormone in high dosage. Patients with anaplastic carcinoma as well as those with differentiated carcinoma which has broken into vessels or capsule or metastasized, are additionally given percutaneous radiation treatment. Cumulative survival rate for papillary thyroid carcinoma, treated according to this schema, was for women 95% after three years, 83% after five and 53% after ten years. Corresponding survival rates in men were 93%, 78% and 20% respectively. Rates for follicular thyroid carcinoma in women were 87% at three years, 75% at five and 50% at ten years. In men corresponding figures were 94, 77 and 50%. Dividing patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (210) into various risk groups, those with papillary and follicular carcinoma manifesting at an age under 45 years had a better prognosis than that after 45 years. Worst prognosis was with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, when survival rates at one, three and five years were 41, 28 and 18%, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The cellular reaction of kidney after different physical injuries.

Autoradiographic investigations on kidney cells were performed after focal cryolesions (-180 to -196 degrees C) and focal heat application (740 degrees C). Cells were studied 12 h to 30 days after the lesions had been produced. In the damage granulation tissue the percentage of radioactively labelled fibroblasts as well as the percentage distribution of leucocytes, monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts and fibrocytes and the mean cell concentration were determined. There were no significant differences in the leucocytic and monocytic cell reactions after the two types of physical injuries. However, the percentage of fibroblasts, fibrocytes and macrophages was higher and the percentage of lymphocytes lower after cryonecrosis when compared to heat application. The cell concentration increased during the last 2 weeks of the experimental time after a thermolesion. The labelling index of the wound fibroblasts was significantly higher after the 10th day after thermonecrosis than after in sinus freezing. The increased cellular activity 2 to 4 weeks after heat coagulation of the kidney was probably induced by the delayed resorption of the carbonised necrotic tissue. The reduced phagocytic activity of macrophages might have depended on alteration and modification of molecular cell structures which were different after heat application of freezing. The different lymphocytic reaction seems to be the consequence of different immune responses of the lymphatic system. It is suggested that focal thermolesions may have a stimulatory effect on the cell-mediated immune response and that focal cryonecrosis may induce an increase in humoral immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Giant-cell reaction in the small tubular bones. A light- and electron-microscopic study.

Light- and electron-microscopic investigations were performed in a case of cystic soap-bubble-like expansion of the shaft region of the second metatarsal bone. Morphologically, strongly cellular tissue with a closely packed net of osteoid trabeculae containing osteoblasts and a whorl-shaped spindle cell stroma with fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and irregularly scattered multinucleated giant cells of the osteoclast type were observed. After clinical and morphological exclusion of osteosarcoma, enchondroma, non-ossifying fibroma, osteoblastoma, osteoclastoma, and bone cysts the final diagnosis was giant-cell reaction of small tubular bone with unusual marked osteoid formation. As recurrences are possible, block resection appears more appropriate than curettage.

Adolescent↗