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Biomedical subjects

B Fraysse

Publications and source records attributed to B Fraysse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Histiocytosis X of the petrous pyramid in adults. X-ray computed tomographic and MRI aspects].

Two cases are reported of histiocytosis X in young adults, both confined to the petrous bone. In one case the clinical signs were those of a progressive facial palsy, developing over 3 years; the other case had pulsatile tinnitus with clear otorrhoea and symptoms of vestibular deficiency. Computed tomography showed extensive bone destruction by a soft-tissue density process which enhanced strongly after iodinated contrast injection. Magnetic resonance imaging (T1 weighted sequences before and after intravenous gadolinium injection) confirmed the presence of a mass lesion in the petrous bone with contrast medium uptake which showed cystic areas within it: it also showed the absence of extension through the dura mater by the intracranial component which remained extradural. It confirmed the patency of arteries and veins, so enabling a differentiation to be made between histiocytosis X and advanced glomus tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Betahistine dihydrochloride versus flunarizine. A double-blind study on recurrent vertigo with or without cochlear syndrome typical of Menière's disease.

This study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of betahistine dihydrochloride and flunarizine. All patients included in this multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial showed a specific pattern of vertigo, i.e. recurrent paroxysmal vertigo with or without the cochlear symptoms typical of Meniere's disease. Fifty-five patients were treated for 2 months (28 in the betahistine group and 27 in the flunarizine group). Analysis of intra-group symptom changes demonstrated a greater efficacy for betahistine. Statistically significant decreases in duration and severity of attacks, and in the presence of vegetative symptoms were seen in the betahistine group after the first and second months of treatment, whereas in the flunarizine group this was the case only at the end of the first month of treatment. Furthermore in the betahistine group, statistically significant decreases occurred for the other major criteria, including number of attacks, evidence of vestibular dysfunction, and presence of cochlear symptoms. Adverse effects were similar to those reported in previous studies of both products: stomach pains only with betahistine, and drowsiness, asthenia, and depression with flunarizine.

Betahistine↗
PubMed1991

[General principles of conception of cochlear implants].

Cochlear implants have greatly been developed on last ten years. Their diversity makes their use and choice more complex. The authors expose simply the physiopathology of the implanted auditory system and basic principles of cochlear implants. Cochlear implants are caracterised by the number of channels and electrodes (monochannel, multichannel), the strategy of encoding (analogiq, digital), the transmission of signal (per-cutaneous, electro-magnetic induction), the site of stimulation (extra or intra-cochlear), the signal wave (sinusoid, pulse), the diffusion of current (monopolar, bipolar).

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1991

Cochlear implants, acquisitions and controversies in the adult patient.

The cochlear implant field is rapidly progressing in the clinical field. This progress has produced new information regarding choice of devices, selection criteria, and surgical techniques. Some of these points remain controversial, and the authors try to determine their real value.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis of perceptive deafness in adults].

The finding of perception deafness in an adult patient should set off full clinical and paraclinical evaluation, as this symptom may hide two problems requiring urgent attention. The first problem concerns the diagnosis: any unilateral and progressive perceptive deafness suggests a possible acoustic neurinoma. The second problem is one of therapeutic decision, since in all patients with sudden onset deafness the prognosis depends on an early treatment. General practitioners can use simple tests that will give them some indications on the severity of the loss of hearing, but to establish the side and cause of the deficit, additional and highly specialized examinations are always needed. Medical and hearing aids are sufficient in most patients. Surgery should be reserved to very special cases and will be contemplated or not, depending on the cause of the deafness.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A hearing implant: indications, technic and results].

The authors report four cases of implantation of a new device via an osseous approach involving implantation of an intra-osseous vibrator and of an external box, transmission being by magnetic induction using an external aerial, i.e. with no transcutaneous portion. The Xomed Audiant is an osseous rehabilitation system designed essentially for use in transmission deafness which cannot be corrected by conventional surgery or cannot be managed by an air conduction device, e.g. agenesis of the ear or sequelae of evacuation cavities in otorrhea. The authors report their experience of four cases of implantation, in terms of indications, selection assessment and evaluation protocol as well as functional results and prostatic adjustment, with a critical review of advantages and disadvantages in comparison with classical methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Peroperative auditory evoked potentials in surgery of the posterior fossa].

Intraoperative brainstem audiometry electric responses were measured in 22 operations of the posterior fossa, including 11 acoustic neurinomas. The first observation shows the recordings obtained during the exeresis of a voluminous tumor of the cerebellopontine angle and wave V disappearance for 90 minutes. At the end of the operation we noted a better plotting synchronization and the wave V form reappeared. The wave preservation was confirmed by an electrocochleography carried out few days after intervention. The second observation enables the visualization of modifications on ipsi- and contralateral plottings of the cerebellum retraction and brainstem mobilization during a cerebellum medulloblastoma operation. The third observation shows the immediate and considerable extension of wave V latency during mobilization of the antero-inferior cerebellar artery during an acoustic neurinoma operation. The authors discuss the various operative times leading to significant variations in the latency of waves I, V and I-V delays and the advantages of such a monitoring for the brainstem vital functions and hearing preservation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Acute hepatic steatosis in pregnancy: with special reference to a new case].

Acute fatty infiltration of the liver in pregnancy as defined by Sheehan in 1940 often has a fatal outcome for the mother and the child. The authors report a case of acute fatty infiltration of the liver in pregnancy with a favourable outcome. They found 15 cases in the French literature: the outcome is fatal in 50% of the cases because of hepatocellular failure or of the hemorrhagic syndrome. When the outcome is successful the hepatic lesions disappear completely.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Malignant external otitis and polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration impairment. Improvement with ascorbic acid.

Malignant external otitis (MEO) is a rare disease due to a Pseudomonas infection of the external ear occurring in an elderly patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Its high mortality raises the question of an alteration of the defense mechanisms of the body. A 58-year-old man was affected with MEO, and after several months of unsuccessful treatment, a study of the function of his polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMNs) revealed a defect of the migration capability. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) was proved in vitro to be able to improve the results of the migration test. The patient was treated for one month with ascorbic acid and, parallel to the normalization of the chemotaxis test results, the ear lesions healed. The mechanism of such an alteration of the PMN function, implying several factors (the active infection, old age, and diabetes mellitus), is still unclear. Nevertheless, it is certainly important to test the PMN function in patients with MEO and treat them with immunomodulators.

Ascorbic Acid↗