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Biomedical subjects

B Falini

Publications and source records attributed to B Falini.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Immunohistological analysis of human bone marrow trephine biopsies using monoclonal antibodies.

This paper describes the use of a recently developed immuno-alkaline phosphatase method (the 'APAAP' technique) for labelling frozen sections of undecalcified bone marrow biopsies with monoclonal antibodies, including reagents reactive with T cells and their subsets, B cells, glycophorin, HLA-DR antigen, common ALL antigen, epithelial cells and megakaryocytes. Use of an immuno-alkaline phosphatase technique avoids problems due to endogenous enzyme activity encountered when staining bone marrow by immunoperoxidase procedures. Immunohistological labelling of frozen trephine biopsies is of particular value when it is impossible to aspirate marrow particles and for identifying cells which do not readily enter suspension (e.g. dendritic reticulum cells or stromal cells). Details are given of cases in which immunohistological analysis was used for the phenotyping of acute leukaemias, for the differential diagnosis of intramedullary T and B cell proliferations, and for identifying bone marrow metastases.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Immunoenzymatic labeling of monoclonal antibodies using immune complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP complexes).

A murine monoclonal antibody specific for calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase has been prepared and used in an unlabeled antibody bridge technique for labeling monoclonal antibodies. This procedure--the alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method--gives excellent immunocytochemical labeling of tissue sections and cell smears, comparable in clarity and intensity to that achieved with immunoperoxidase labeling. If the enzyme label is developed with a naphthol salt as a coupling agent and Fast Red or hexazotized new fuchsin as a capture agent, a vivid red reaction product is obtained which is very easily detected by the human eye. For this reason the APAAP technique was found particularly suitable for labeling cell smears (for both cytoplasmic and surface-membrane antigens) and for detecting low numbers of antigen-bearing cells in a specimen (e.g., carcinoma cells in a malignant effusion). It was found possible to enhance the intensity of the APAAP labeling reaction substantially by repeating the second and third incubation steps (i.e., the unlabelled "bridge" antibody and APAAP complexes). The APAAP technique was superior to immunoperoxidase labeling for staining tissues rich in endogenous peroxidase, and could be used in conjunction with immunoperoxidase methods for double immunoenzymatic staining. The method was also applicable to the detection of antigenic molecules following their electrophoretic transfer from SDS-polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets ("immunoblotting").

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of human lymphoma with monoclonal antileukocyte antibodies.

Two monoclonal antibodies have been produced that react with antigens present on human white cells. These reagents differ from other monoclonal antibodies of similar specificity in that the antigens they recognize are resistant to conventional tissue-fixation and embedding procedures. These reagents can therefore be used in immunocytochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections. We assessed the practical usefulness of this technique in the histopathological diagnosis of human lymphoid neoplasms by staining a wide range of routine surgical biopsy specimens of normal and neoplastic tissue (gathered from five institutions), using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. In all 40 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, positive labeling of neoplastic cells was obtained with one or both antibodies. In contrast, no staining of neoplastic cells was observed in 60 samples of nonlymphoid neoplasms. We conclude that many of the difficulties encountered by histopathologists in distinguishing between lymphoid and nonlymphoid neoplasms may be overcome by immunohistologic labeling with monoclonal antibodies such as the ones we have studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

New developments in immunoperoxidase techniques and their application.

Immunoperoxidase methods are now used extensively in surgical pathology. The basic technique serves both as an investigative tool and as a type of special stain for immunohistochemical studies, and often yields a definitive diagnosis when orthodox histochemical methods are of no avail. Many variations of the technique have been developed since the basic immunoperoxidase method was first applied to "routinely processed" tissues in 1974. Use of each should take into account its particular strengths and weaknesses.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Intracytoplasmic lysozyme in malignant hematologic disorders: an immunoperoxidase study.

Intracytoplasmic lysozyme was studied by the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) and protein A-peroxidase methods in 130 cases of various myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders and 21 lymph nodes and bone marrow metastases from solid primary tumors. This marker, which can be identified in formalin or Zenker-fixed tissues, as well as in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears, proved useful to distinguish malignant myeloid and histiocytic tumors from malignant lymphoid and undifferentiated epithelial metastases. The diagnostic application of these findings are discussed.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1982

The in vivo effect of a thymic factor (thymostimulin) on immunologic parameters of patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease.

The in vivo effect of a calf thymus extract (thymostimulin, TS) on the E-rosetting capacity, PHA blastogenic response, serum migration inhibitory activity (LIF) and skin reactivity to recall antigens was evaluated in 19 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease. In patients the mean percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes forming E-rosettes increased from 47 to 55.7% (P less than or equal to 0.001; normal: 58.9). The mean PHA stimulation index rose with all three concentrations tested but did not reach normal values. Serum LIF was positive in only one patient prior to treatment with a mean LIF for all patients of 0.75 (P less than or equal to 0.005). Skin tests were positive in ten patients (52.6%) prior to therapy and 18 patients following therapy (94.7%; P less than or equal to 0.05). Thymostimulin, in vivo, appears to return immunologic competency to a population of untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Multiple myeloma with a sarcoidosis-like reaction.

An unusual case of multiple myeloma with extramedullary dissemination and co-existing systemic non-necrotic granulomas is described. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that both lymph node and bone marrow infiltrating plasma cells contained the same IgG-lambda type paraprotein, and that the granuloma epithelioid histiocytes contained intracytoplasmic lysozyme. As there was no evidence of either systemic infection or sarcoidosis, the non-necrotic granulomas may represent the host's response to the myeloma, not unlike the reaction observed in Hodgkin's disease or solid tumours. A causal association cannot, however, be entirely excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Double labeled-antigen method for demonstration of intracellular antigens in paraffin-embedded tissues.

A double "labeled-antigen" method has been developed for the simultaneous staining of both kappa and lambda light chains in fixed paraffin sections. The method is a two step procedure utilizing a mixture of antisera against kappa and lambda light chains in the first stage, followed by the addition of a mixture of kappa antigen labeled with horseradish peroxidase and lambda antigen labeled with alkaline phosphatase. The selection of substrates yielding reaction products of contrasting color enabled the observer to distinguish kappa-containing cells (brown) from lambda-containing cells (blue). Reactive plasma cells stained either pure brown (kappa) or clear blue (lambda) in a ratio of 1.5:1. Blood vessels containing serum immunoglobulins showed a mixed brown-blue reaction, as did the Reed-Sternberg cells of some cases of Hodgkin's disease. The advantages of this double labeled-antigen method over previously reported methods for achieving double staining are discussed.

Antigens↗
PubMed1982

Emergence of B-immunoblastic sarcoma in patients with multiple myeloma: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases.

Immunologic and histologic studies were performed in 10 cases of myeloma that showed progression to a more aggressive proliferation, designated as immunoblastic sarcoma of B-cell type (B-IBS). Several patterns of clinical presentation were observed: eight patients showed typical multiple myeloma, four developed B-IBS within the bone marrow, and four developed B-IBS in multiple extramedullary sites; the remaining two patients had relatively localized myeloma, but also showed development of extramedullary B-IBS. The implications of these findings are discussed with regard to their prognostic import and their relationship to current concepts of plasma cell development.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Sideroblastic anemia associated wtih hairy cell leukemia.

A patient with leukemic reticuloendotheliosis ("hairy cell" leukemia) with sideroblastic anemia and an epinephrine-induced platelet-aggregation abnormality is presented. Immunologic membrane marker studies supported a B-lymphocyte origin of the hairy cells. It is hypothesized that a defect in the pluripotent marrow stem cell may be responsible for the hairy cell leukemia and for the intrinsic abnormalities in erythrocytes and platelets.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Non-blastic meningeal leukemia during the myelofibrotic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia.

Myeloblastic involvement of the central nervous system has been noted in the course of chronic myeloid leukemia in the blastic phase; meningeal leukemia in the chronic phase of CML is almost unknown. We report on a case of CML in which meningeal infiltration by cells of the granulocytes series in all stage of cellular maturation developed 15 years after initial diagnosis and seven months after a myelofibrotic transformation of the systemic disease.

Adult↗