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Biomedical subjects

B Falini

Publications and source records attributed to B Falini.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunological and molecular studies in a case of follicular lymphoma with an extra chromosome 12 and t(2;8) translocation.

Two sequential lymph node biopsies taken from a non-Hodgkin lymphoma patient revealed two karyotype abnormalities peculiar to B cell neoplasias: trisomy 12 and t(2;8)(p12;q24) translocation. The first was documented in all cells analyzed, while the second was present in 20% of the metaphases from the first biopsy and in 100% from the second. This suggests that the t(2;8) translocation arose as a secondary karyotypic change. In addition, although immunological characterization of the neoplastic cells disclosed a monoclonal B cell population that expressed immunoglobulin kappa light chains, as usually found in Burkitt's lymphoma with t(2;8) translocation, Southern blot analysis provided evidence of rearrangement in only one kappa chain allele.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1987

ins(6;11) in a case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Cytogenetic investigation of lymph node-derived cells taken from a peripheral T-cell lymphoma patient revealed an insertion of the segment 11q21q25 into the band p22 of chromosome #6 as the only anomaly. The probable role of the three rearranged chromosomal regions on the development of this neoplasia is discussed.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1987

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis without granulocytic infiltration (Kikuchi's lymphadenitis). Morphological and immunohistochemical study of eight cases.

Eight examples of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis without granulocytic infiltration (Kikuchi's lymphadenitis) are described. They occurred in young or middle-aged women who usually complained of latero-cervical lymphadenopathy. Serology revealed significant titres for Epstein-Barr virus and Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 9 in one of eight and one of six tested. All patients fully recovered within 2 months. On histological examination of the lymph nodes large foci of infiltration were observed in the cortex and/or paracortex: they consisted of variable numbers of small lymphocytes, immunoblasts, macrophages and so-called plasmacytoid T-cells; granulocytes were absent. Necrotic changes varied from single pyknotic cells to extensive areas of necrosis. Immunohistochemistry showed that within the lesion the number of macrophages was inversely proportional to the number of peripheral T-lymphocytes and 'plasmacytoid T-cells'. The latter displayed a phenotype (CD4+, CD10+, CD45+) which, in the absence of macrophage-associated antigens, seemed in keeping with their supposed lymphoid nature. In seven cases peripheral T-lymphocytes predominantly expressed the cytotoxic/suppressor phenotype, while in one remaining case a mild predominance of the helper/inducer subset was observed. In the areas with less extensive tissue necrosis, numerous T-immunoblasts expressed both markers of activation and the proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki-67. The results of the present study expand the spectrum of our knowledge and allow speculation as to the biology of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Expression of lymphoid-associated antigens on Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease. An immunocytochemical study on lymph node cytospins using monoclonal antibodies.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the origin of Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells. Lymph node cytospins and frozen sections from 20 cases of Hodgkin's disease of different histological subtypes were immunostained by the immuno-alkaline phosphatase technique using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. As expected, the Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells of all cases were positive for the CD30 (Ki-1), CD15 (hapten X) and CD25 (Tac) antigens. In eight cases, a variable percentage of typical Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells showed a clear-cut cytoplasmic and/or surface positivity for the T-cell-associated antigens CD3, CD5, CD6 and CD4 (seven cases) or CD8 (one case), but consistently lacked B-cell and macrophage-associated markers. The best visualization of T-cell antigens was obtained in cytocentrifuge preparations and in areas of lymph node frozen sections that had been infiltrated by clusters of Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells. In two cases of Hodgkin's disease (nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity) the neoplastic cells weakly expressed the B-cell antigens CD19 and CD22, but not T-cell or macrophage-associated markers. In 10 cases, Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells were negative for all the lymphoid- and macrophage-associated antigens. These results suggest a lymphoid (either T or B) rather than histiocytic origin for the Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells in a number of Hodgkin's disease cases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Genotypic analysis of large cell lymphomas which express the Ki-1 antigen.

The monoclonal antibody Ki-1 reacts with Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease and with the tumour cells in a minority of large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. This study describes the results of immunophenotypic and DNA analysis in 30 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, all of which expressed the Ki-1 antigen. The genotypic analysis has been undertaken using both immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene probes. Sixteen cases were shown by this method to be of monoclonal T-cell origin, six of B-cell origin, while in eight cases there was no evidence of either T- or B-cell lineage. This confirms previous immunohistological data indicating that non-Hodgkin's lymphomas which express the Ki-1 antigen may be of either T-cell or B-cell origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Value of monoclonal anti-CD22 (p135) antibodies for the detection of normal and neoplastic B lymphoid cells.

Two monoclonal antibodies (To15 and 4KB128) specific for the B cell-associated CD22 antigen (135,000 mol wt) are described. On immunoenzymatic analysis of cryostat tissue sections, these antibodies strongly label both mantle zone and germinal center B lymphoid cells in secondary lymphoid follicles (and also scattered extrafollicular lymphoid cells) but are unreactive with other cell types (with the exception of weak reactivity with some epithelioid histiocytes). These reactions differ from those of monoclonal antibodies B1 and B2 (anti-CD20 and CD21) but are similar to those of the pan-B antibody B4 (anti-CD19). One of the anti-CD22 antibodies (To15) has been tested extensively by immunoenzymatic labeling on greater than 350 neoplastic lymphoid and hematological samples. The CD22 antigen was found in tissue sections in most B cell-derived neoplasms, the major exceptions being myeloma (all cases negative) and a small proportion of high-grade lymphoma (6% of cases negative). In cell smears, the antigen could be found on neoplastic cells in most B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, including common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (90% positive) and B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (89% positive). We conclude that anti-CD22 antibodies are of value for identification of human B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (especially when used in conjunction with anti-CD19 antibodies). Previous reports that the CD22 antigen is absent from many B cell neoplasms are probably due to its being expressed within the cytoplasm of immature B cells rather than on their surface.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Description of a sequential staining procedure for double immunoenzymatic staining of pairs of antigens using monoclonal antibodies.

This paper describes a sequential staining procedure for double immunoenzymatic staining of pairs of antigens in frozen tissue sections and cell smears using monoclonal antibodies. This technique involves performance of an indirect immunoperoxidase sandwich (including development of the enzyme reaction) followed by an unlabelled immuno-alkaline phosphatase sandwich (the APAAP method). The two enzyme labels are revealed using DAB/H2O2 for peroxidase and naphthol AS-MX plus fast blue or fast red for alkaline phosphatase. When compared with a hapten-sandwich/biotin-avidin system, the sequential staining procedure proved to be simpler and more sensitive and was also more suitable for double immunoenzymatic staining when monoclonal antibodies were only available in small amounts. The sequential staining procedure is particularly useful for the identification of antigens distributed in different cell populations or in different sites (e.g., nucleus and cytoplasm or cell surface) of the same cell. In contrast, this method does not appear to be very suitable for demonstrating two antigens located in the same site (e.g., surface membrane) of the same cell for which purpose double immunofluorescence remains the first choice.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Phytohemagglutinin-conditioned medium modulates adherence properties and morphology of hairy cells.

The effect of a PHA-conditioned medium was tested on a population highly enriched in hairy cells obtained from spleens of patients with hairy cell leukemia. Under PHA-CM treatment hairy cells adhered to both plastic and glass and spread assuming a typical stellate shape, without changing their enzymatic and antigenic properties. Provided PHA-CM was present, stellate adherent hairy cells remained viable in culture for several months. Mononuclear splenic cells from patients with various hematological disorders never showed similar phenotypic modifications after PHA-CM treatment.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Use of a panel of monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukaemia. An immunocytochemical study of 36 cases.

The phenotype of 36 cases of hairy cell leukaemia has been investigated using a panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with normal human lymphoid cells and with hairy cells. Staining was performed on frozen sections and/or cell smears by the recently developed APAAP immuno-alkaline phosphatase procedure. In about 90% of cases, neoplastic cells reacted strongly with antibodies against HLA-DR, leucocyte common antigen, B-cells (antibodies B1 and To15), hairy-associated antigens (antibodies KB-90, S-HCL3, HC2) and activated T-lymphocytes (antibodies anti-Tac and Tü69). The phenotype of 10% of cases was clearly different in that the neoplastic cells were negative or only weakly positive for one or more of the antigens recognized by HC2, anti-Tac and Tü69. Antibody HC1 reacted with tumour cells of only 50% of the hairy cell leukaemia cases investigated. Monoclonal antibody Ki-67 (which selectively detects proliferating cells) stained only a low percentage of cells in all but three of the cases studied. The neoplastic cells in all cases were unreactive with monoclonal antibodies anti-Leu1, Tü1, Tü33 and a meshwork of follicular dendritic cells was consistently absent from tissues infiltrated by hairy cells. The immunological phenotype associated with hairy cell leukaemia was not observed in any case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, suggesting that it represents a unique type of B-cell neoplasm.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Evidence for monoclonal T lymphocyte proliferation in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.

The arrangement of the T cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes was analysed in lymphoid tissue biopsy specimens from 25 cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Nineteen cases showed a rearrangement of the gene coding for the beta chain of the T cell receptor, and in one case a clonal rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes was shown (in which the T cell receptor gene was in a germline configuration). These findings indicate that a monoclonal T cell proliferation is present in most cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, and they also correlate with the fact that some patients who present with this disorder subsequently develop a T cell lymphoma.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1986

A monoclonal antibody recognizing the p150/95 leucocyte differentiation antigen.

A monoclonal antibody KB90 recognizing a molecule containing two polypeptide subunits of 140 and 98 kd is described. Biochemical studies following high pH dissociation of the molecule showed KB90 to bind to an epitope on the 140 kd subunit. The molecule recognized by KB90 appears to correspond to the p150/95 molecule in the family of leucocyte differentiation antigens of which the LFA-1 and Mac-1 molecules are members. Analysis of the immunocytochemical reactivity of KB90 shows that it stains monocytes, tissue macrophages, granulocytes and a small population of lymphocytes. These reactions are clearly distinct from those of the LFA-1 and Mac-1 molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A new monoclonal antibody (KB61) recognizing a novel antigen which is selectively expressed on a subpopulation of human B lymphocytes.

The present paper describes a new monoclonal antibody (KB61) raised against hairy cell leukaemia cells. Antibody KB61 recognizes a molecule of approximately 40,000 molecular weight on human B cells. It reacts with B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, in primary lymphoid follicles, in the mantle zone of secondary follicles, in interfollicular areas and in splenic marginal zone areas. However, germinal centre lymphoid cells do not express the antigen recognized by antibody KB61. The antibody shows limited reactivity outside the lymphoid system, i.e. polymorphs, tissue macrophages endothelial cells in the hepatic sinusoids. Antibody KB61 discriminates between different types of B-cell malignancies, reacting with the neoplastic cells in hairy cell leukaemia, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (of B-cell type), prolymphocytic leukaemia and centrocytic lymphoma, but not with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, germinal centre-derived lymphomas (other than centrocytic), Burkitt's lymphoma and lymphoblastic lymphoma. Antibody KB61 may be of value in the study of B-cell subpopulations and in the differential diagnosis of B-cell neoplasms.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistological analysis of human mononuclear phagocytes and dendritic cells by using monoclonal antibodies.

Mononuclear phagocytes and dendritic cells were analyzed in detail with a panel of monoclonal antibodies by immunoalkaline phosphatase and immunofluorescence techniques. The panel included two antibodies (KB90 and SHCL3) against the two chain membrane constituent, P150,95, an antibody (Mo1) against C3bi receptor, an antibody (To5) against C3b receptor, and two antibodies (Mo2 and UCHM1) against a single chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55 to 60 previously found on monocyte/macrophages. In addition, the panel contained several antibodies including EBM11, LeuM3 and FMC32 whose molecular specificities are not known at present. Frozen sections of spleen, bone marrow, thymus, lymph node, liver, brain, lung, kidney, colon, and skin were examined. Several populations of mononuclear phagocytes and dendritic cells could be distinguished on the basis of their reactivity with the antibody panel. Populations of macrophages resident in parenchymal organs had reaction patterns distinct from those of circulating macrophages. Many of the antibodies in the panel reacted with both macrophages and dendritic cells suggesting a close cytogenic, if not functional, relationship between these cells. There was wide variability in the reactions of macrophages and dendritic cells in different tissue and less variability among cells within individual anatomic locations.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

The differential diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia with a panel of monoclonal antibodies.

A panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive with normal human lymphoid cells and with hairy cells has been applied to the immunocytochemical analysis of hairy cell leukemia. Staining was performed by immunoenzymatic methods on frozen sections of bone marrow trephines and extramedullary tissues and on cell smears. Hairy cells reacted with antibodies against HLA-DR, leukocyte common antigen, B-cell antigens (antibodies To15 and B1) and with three anti-hairy cell monoclonal antibodies (S-HCL3, HC1, and HC2). Neoplastic cells in other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders also expressed HLA-DR, leukocyte common, and B-cell antigens but were consistently negative for the antigen detected by monoclonal antibody S-HCL3. Furthermore, hairy cells differed from other neoplastic B-cells in that they were unreactive with monoclonal antibodies against C3b receptors, anti-Leu-1, Tü1, Tü33, and lacked a meshwork of dendritic reticulum cells. These findings establish a distinctive antigenic phenotype for hairy cell leukemia and indicate that it may be diagnosed reliably by immunoenzymatic labeling of tissue sections or cell smears.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Detection of metastatic tumour cells in routine bone marrow smears by immuno-alkaline phosphatase labelling with monoclonal antibodies.

The present study describes 11 cases (10 carcinomas, one rhabdomyosarcoma) in which immuno-alkaline phosphatase labelling with monoclonal antibodies was used to demonstrate metastatic cells in routine smears of aspirated bone marrow. Carcinoma cells were detected using antibodies against epithelial cytokeratins, milk fat globule membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen, and rhabdomyosarcoma cells with monoclonal anti-desmin. In four of the carcinoma cases it had not been possible to identify malignant cells in routinely stained marrow smears, whilst the case of disseminated rhabdomyosarcoma had initially been diagnosed (and treated) as a case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The anti-cytokeratin antibody was found to be the most valuable of the anti-epithelial reagents used, since it labelled malignant cells in all of the 10 cases of carcinoma and gave the strongest reactions. These results suggest that immunocytochemical labelling should be used in cases of suspected carcinoma whenever conventional examination of marrow smears yields negative results, and furthermore (as illustrated by the case of rhabdomyosarcoma) that the technique is of value for identifying the true nature of poorly differentiated neoplasms in bone marrow.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The expression of the Hodgkin's disease associated antigen Ki-1 in reactive and neoplastic lymphoid tissue: evidence that Reed-Sternberg cells and histiocytic malignancies are derived from activated lymphoid cells.

Ki-1 is a monoclonal antibody (raised against a Hodgkin's disease-derived cell line) that, in biopsy tissue affected by Hodgkin's disease, reacts selectively with Reed-Sternberg cells. The expression of Ki-1 antigen has been analyzed by immunocytochemical techniques in a wide range of human tissue and cell samples, including fetal tissue, malignant lymphomas (290 cases), and mitogen- and virus-transformed peripheral blood lymphocytes. The antigen was detectable on a variable proportion of cells in all cases of lymphomatoid papulosis and angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy and in 28% of the cases of peripheral T cell lymphomas (including lympho-epithelioid lymphomas). It was also expressed (more strongly) on tumor cells in 45 cases of diffuse large-cell lymphoma, most of which had originally been diagnosed as malignant histiocytosis or anaplastic carcinoma, because of their bizarre morphology. However, all of these cases lacked macrophage and epithelial antigens. Thirty-five cases expressed T cell-related antigens (associated in nine cases with the coexpression of B cell-related antigens), seven bore B cell-related antigens alone, and three were devoid of T and B cell markers. DNA hybridization with a JH specific probe showed a germline configuration in 11 cases of T cell phenotype, in two cases lacking T and B cell antigens, and in one case of mixed T/B phenotype, while rearrangement was found in two cases of clear B cell type and in one mixed T/B case. Expression of the Ki-1 antigen could be induced, together with interleukin 2 (IL 2) receptor, on normal lymphoid cells of both T and B cell type by exposure to phytohemagglutinin, human T leukemia viruses, Epstein-Barr virus, or Staphylococcus aureus. The results obtained indicate that Ki-1 antigen is an inducible lymphoid-associated molecule that identifies a group of hitherto poorly characterized normal and neoplastic large lymphoid cells. Tumors comprised solely of these cells show both morphological and immunological similarities to the neoplastic cells in Hodgkin's disease. This suggests that both disorders represent the neoplastic proliferation of activated lymphoid cells of either T cell or, less commonly, B cell origin. Disorders in which only a minority of cells express Ki-1 antigen (lymphomatoid papulosis, angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, and certain T cell lymphomas) probably represent lesions in which only some of the abnormal cells have transformed into an "activation state." In direct support of this view is the finding that the Ki-1 expression in these lesions is accompanied by the expression of HLA-DR and IL 2 receptors.

Adolescent↗