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Biomedical subjects

B D Radotra

Publications and source records attributed to B D Radotra.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Autopsy findings and clinical diagnoses: a review of 1,000 cases.

The protocols of 1,000 consecutive adult patients autopsied during the period June 1983 to December 1988 were retrospectively analyzed and the findings were compared with clinical diagnoses. The autopsy rates during this period ranged between 23% and 27% of hospital deaths. Eighty-seven percent of the autopsied patients were between 15 and 59 years of age. Major discrepancies between the autopsy reports and the clinical diagnoses were present in 31.7% of all autopsy reports reviewed. Infectious diseases were the most common cause of death (46.8%), followed by cardiovascular diseases (17.1%) and neoplastic diseases (14.3%). Infections were clinically recognized in 66.7% of cases and were missed or found to be incorrect in 33.3% of cases. Tuberculosis comprised 33.8% of the major bacterial infections and was clinically diagnosed in 82% of cases. Eighty-nine percent of the major fungal infections were not suspected clinically. Rheumatic heart disease (43.8%) was the most common cardiovascular disorder and was clinically diagnosed in 93.3% of cases. Pulmonary vascular episodes were the least common cause of death and were not suspected clinically in 62.9% of cases. Malignancies were incorrectly diagnosed in 25.8% of cases. We conclude from this study that routine autopsies revealed major unexpected findings that are of clinical importance, and that a continued emphasis on autopsy evaluation is necessary for the improvement of the quality of patient care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Tongue involvement in lepromatous leprosy.

BACKGROUND: Involvement of the oral cavity in lepromatous leprosy is well-documented. The tongue may demonstrate multiple nodules, thickening, and scarring. METHODS: Ten consecutive untreated patients with lepromatous leprosy with a bacteriologic index of 4+ or more were clinically and histopathologically studied for evidence of tongue involvement. RESULTS: Three patients showed clinical tongue involvement, as a nodulo-plaque lesion in one patient and fissured tongue (lingua plicata) in two patients. Tongue was clinically normal or showed nonspecific changes in the remaining seven patients. Histologic evidence of tongue involvement by lepromatous process was seen in six patients, including three without clinical involvement. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude from this study that the tongue is as prone to involvement by lepromatous process as buccal and palatal mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Polymyositis associated with ulcerative colitis.

An elderly woman with chronic ulcerative colitis who developed proximal muscle weakness, increased serum creatine phosphokinase activity, and histological and electromyographic abnormalities characteristic of polymyositis is described. Treatment with corticosteroids and 5-acetylsalicylic acid was followed by a remission in bowel symptoms, improvement in muscle power, and reversal of electromyographic changes. An autoimmune link between the two disorders seems likely.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Concurrent skin and nerve histology in leprosy and its role in the classification of leprosy.

Concurrent skin and nerve histology was evaluated in 60 leprosy patients (25 BT, 28 BL and 7 LL). The twin aims were to study the comparative histology and the usefulness of nerve histology in the classification of the disease. In BT patients, clinical and histological classification was in agreement in 11 (44%) skin and 17 (68%) nerve biopsies. Concurrent skin and nerve histology was in consonance in 14 (56%) BT patients, while in 6 (24%) patients, only nerve histology was helpful in the classification of the disease, the skin histology being non-specific. Nerve histology was classified as BL in 3 (12%) BT patients, the skin histology was non-specific. In the BL group, the histology of 23 (82.4%) nerve biopsies correlated with the clinical classification, in contrast to skin histology which correlated with clinical assessment in 19 (68%) patients only. In the LL patients, the histology of nerve correlated with the clinical classification in 5 patients (71.4%), compared to histology of the skin in 4 (57%) patients only. The GF was higher in the nerves than in the skin throughout the leprosy spectrum (BT, BL, LL); the difference was, however, marginal in BL leprosy. The average bacteriological index (BI) was higher in nerves (4+) compared to that of skin histology and slit skin smears (3+) in BL leprosy. There was, however, no difference in the BI of the slit skin smears, skin and nerve biopsies in lepromatous leprosy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Cranial chordoma in the first decade.

Cranial chordomas are extremely rare in childhood with only 25 cases having been reported in the first decade of life. A 6-year-old female child with cranial chordoma is reported. Literature on the subject is reviewed, with special reference to the management, histopathological features and prognosis in childhood chordomas as compared to the adult variety.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Craniospinal intradural arachnoid cyst.

A patient with an uncommonly situated congenital intradural arachnoid cyst is reported. The cyst extended from the cervical spinal canal into the posterior cranial fossa and was posterolateral to the spinal cord. The patient's initial complaint was urinary hesitancy. The location of the cyst is unique and the presenting complaint rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Urethral tuberculosis.

Tuberculous affection of the urethra is very rare. Herein we report 2 cases of urethral tuberculosis. One in a young married female who had isolated urethral involvement presenting as urethral caruncle and the second in a young male with urethral stricture complicated by fistulae and abscess in association with renal tuberculosis. The relevant literature is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Maxillary antrum involvement in multibacillary leprosy: a radiologic, sinuscopic, and histologic assessment.

Thirty patients having lepromatous leprosy (22 males, 8 females) and showing radiological involvement of the maxillary antrum were subjected to sinuscopy, biopsy, and histopathological examination. Radiological observations showed diffuse opacity in 33.3% of the sinuses, localized mucosal thickening in 28.6%, and generalized thickened mucosa in 38.1%. Sinuscopy revealed inflamed mucosa as the most common finding (40%), followed by ulcerative (26.7%) and granulomatous (10%) lesions of the mucosal lining. The mucosal thickening (localized or generalized) evident on radiology was always associated with granuloma formation and acid-fast bacilli in the histology. The presence of an external nasal deformity indicated a statistically significant chance of encountering mucosal involvement on sinuscopy and histopathology (p < 0.05). There was more chance of finding positive sinuscopic lesions in those patients with a bacterial index above 3+.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Sequential histopathologic alterations in Indian childhood cirrhosis treated with d-penicillamine.

Eight children who satisfied all the diagnostic criteria of classic Indian childhood cirrhosis were treated with d-penicillamine. Clinical recovery in a 3- to 12-month period was accompanied histopathologically by accentuation of micronodules with regression of hepatocytic degenerative changes, Mallory's hyaline, pericellular fibrosis, lobular inflammation, and disappearance of hepatocytic copper staining protein. The nodules in the posttreatment biopsies were so small as to be categorized as "micronodular cirrhosis." In one case clinical recovery was associated with an almost normal liver histology after passing through a micronodular phase. This report is the first documentation of the histologic sequence of changes in Indian childhood cirrhosis on d-penicillamine treatment.

Copper↗
PubMed1991

Primary lymphoma of the bones of the foot: management of two cases.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma rarely presents with an osseous lesion in the foot. Two cases of primary lymphoma of the foot are reported. The patients presented with a history of pain and swelling of the foot. Radiographs revealed a lytic lesion in the calcaneus of one patient, and in the second metatarsal of the other. Open biopsy revealed high grade lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the diffuse variety. The patients were treated with localized radiation therapy and have been disease free for more than a year.

Adult↗