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Biomedical subjects

A Zimmermann

Publications and source records attributed to A Zimmermann.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Adult respiratory distress syndrome in children.

Twenty patients (age 2 weeks to 15 years) who fulfilled strict selection criteria for adult respiratory distress syndrome were identified during a 3 1/2-year period. The underlying disease was intra-abdominal infection/septicemia in seven, hypovolemic shock, near drowning, closed space burn, or cardiogenic shock caused by nupercaine intoxication in two each, and miscellaneous in five. The mean time of artificial ventilation with PEEP was 18 days (range 5 to 92), and the mean time of FIO2 greater than or equal to 0.5 while on the ventilatory 139 hours (range 12 to 648). PEEP levels were most often between 8 and 15 cm H2O. Eight patients had a pulmonary air leak. Eight patients died (40% mortality). Death was nearly always related to unresolved basic medical or surgical problems and multiple organ failure. Treatment of ARDS includes elimination of the cause of ARDS, early institution of mechanical ventilation with PEEP, prompt recognition and treatment of superimposed infections, and careful management of additional organ failures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Immature tubular liver with focal nodular trabecular hyperplasia.

An unusual disorder of liver development, which is to our knowledge not described in the literature, was observed in a female infant who died, at the age of 25 weeks, of the sequelae of portal hypertension. At the time of autopsy, the enlarged liver revealed multiple small nodules histologically composed of trabecular hepatic tissue, whereas the remaining liver parenchyma consisted of hepatocytes arranged as tubular structures. Based on comparisons of these morphologic features with the different steps of normal hepatogenesis, we suggest that the disorder is the result of a partial arrest of liver differentiation with focal progression of maturation in the hyperplastic nodules. This assumption is supported by the observation of hepatocytes reacting with anti-alpha-fetoprotein antibodies in the tubular part of the liver, this being absent in the trabecular nodules.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1982

Cardiomyopathy in cystic fibrosis: lymphoedema of the heart with focal myocardial fibrosis.

Cardiomyopathy in cystic fibrosis (CF) is an unusual heart disease, mainly characterized by a multifocal fibrosis of the left ventricle. The disorder chiefly occurs in the age group of 1-2 years and leads to fatal cardiac failure. The causal pathogenesis of the disease has not been discovered up to now. In two cases of CF-associated cardiomyopathy we found an oedema (mainly lymphoedema) of the myo- and epicardium and a lymph stasis in lymph vessels and lymph nodes of the heart. Based on a comparative study using animal models we speculate that a) CF may be complicated by a disorder of cardiac lymph circulation, and b) chronic cardiac lymphoedema of the heart in CF can cause focal myocardial damage with fibrosis.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1982

[Cytologic diagnosis of cancer of the urinary bladder, reliability, pitfalls and grading (author's transl)].

The cytologic analysis of bladder washings was positive in 59 (67%) of 88 patients with carcinoma of the bladder. About 50% of the false negative cytologic reports were shown to be misinterpretations. The cytologic report was positive in six of 29 cases, in which non-neoplastic lesions, were established by histology. In two cases the positive cytologic report was confirmed by repeat biopsies. In two further cases no neoplasm was histologically verified by repeat biopsy, but the positive cytologic findings were supported by positive results obtained by impulscyto-photometric studies of the nuclear DNA-content in cells of the bladder washings. Two positive cytologic reports were definitely considered as true false positive. Cytologic malignancy grading was attempted without knowledge of the original cytologic and histologic diagnoses. Cytologic and histologic grading were congruent in 68% of cases with positive cytologic report, in 16% of these cases, however, the cytologic grading revealed a higher grade of malignancy. Retrospectively in 27% of the patients examined the cytologic report proved to be clinical value concerning the follow-up as well as the histologic re-examination or the therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Automatic cytodiagnostic of bladder cancer (author's transl)].

Searching for bladder cancer, 1268 flow-through-cytophotometric determinations of DNA in nuclei of cells were done using the ICP 11. 134 urines (36.2%) and 15 bladder washings (2.9%) could not be evaluated. The examination of urines led to a right positive diagnosis in 56.7%. The corresponding values in wash-out material and biopsy specimen were 61.2% and 75.3%. False positive results were found of 32.5% of the urines, 6.2% of the wash-out fluid and 9.1% in the biopsy specimens. The results are slightly less advantageous than those of conventional cytodiagnostic. Using a special way in selecting the results, false positive values could be eliminated. By this the tentative diagnosis of cancer gained by flow-through-cytophotometry, could be estimated to be correct in a high percentage. It seems that the flow-through-cytophotometry carried out as additional morphological test is an improvement in diagnosis and grading as well as in estimating prognosis and therapeutic results of urological cancer.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1981

Arterial and pedicle occlusion in the hypothermic pig kidney.

Previous laboratory investigation has indicated that during induction of ischaemia the renal artery should be occluded in preference to the whole pedicle. However, in clinical practice the distinction between these may have only a trivial bearing on subsequent renal function compared with the effect of surgery on the parenchyma. The present work was designed to investigate the effects of pedicle and arterial occlusion on the pig kidney after 90 min of hypothermic ischaemia. However, 2 other groups having nephrotomy were also included to give the study more clinical relevance. The results showed that the combination of nephrotomy and pedicle occlusion gave a significant rise in plasma creatinine in the first 48 h post-operatively compared with the other groups. However, there was no difference between the 4 groups after 8 days and 28 days. Histology of the kidneys removed after 28 days showed comparatively minor changes in terms of glomerular and tubular structural abnormality. Furthermore the vasculature was well preserved though an inflammatory infiltrate was usually found. Semi-quantitative analysis of these changes showed that, paradoxically, they were generally less severe with pedicle than arterial occlusion. Another surprising result of this analysis was that the addition of nephrotomy appeared to be beneficial.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Dominant versus recessive behavior of a cold- and a heat-sensitive mammalian cell cycle variant in heterokaryons.

A heat-sensitive (hs, arrested at 39.5 degrees C, termed 21-Ta) and a cold-sensitive (cs, arrested at 33 degrees C, termed 21-Fb) clonal cell cycle variant were isolated from the same clone of the P-815 murine mastocytoma line. At the respective nonpermissive temperatures, both the hs and the cs variant were reversibly arrested in G1 phase, and numbers of cells forming colonies upon reincubation at the permissive temperature remained nearly constant for at least 6 days. Cells arrested in G1 by incubation at the respective nonpermissive temperatures were fused to cells of another P-815 clone (31-S) that had been arrested by serum deprivation. Upon reincubation in medium containing 10% serum for 48 h at 39.5 degrees C, 21-Ta x 31-S heterokaryons, similar to 31-S x 31-S homokaryons, entered the S phase, whereas at 33 degrees C, 21-Fb x 31-S heterokaryons, similar to 21-Fb x 21-Fb homokaryons, remained arrested in G1, indicating a recessive expression of the hs and a dominant expression of the cs phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Practical application of tuberculin tests].

A study was conducted to compare the Tuberculin-Tine test with the Tuberculin Monotest; a total of 1861 pupils (age 15) were tested with either of the two tests, non-reactors were retested with a Mantoux-Test of 10 UI. False negative rates were 16% for the Tuberculin Tine-test and 25% for the Monotest. However the positive reactions of the Monotest were more unequivocal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Monoclonal antibodies against beta nerve growth factor and their effects on receptor binding and biological activity.

Two hybrid cell lines, MC beta-1 and MC beta-2, secreting monoclonal antibodies against mouse submaxillary gland beta nerve growth factor (beta NGF), were produced by interspecies hybridization of spleen cells from rats immunized with beta NGF and mouse myeloma cells. The antibodies secreted by the two hybridomas are of the IgG1 subclass and bind staphylococcal protein A. The equilibrium dissociation constant of the beta NGF--antibody complex was determined for the MC beta-1 antibodies in solid phase and in solution. On protein A-coated surfaces the Kd is 3 X 10(-10) M, 2 orders of magnitude lower than the Kd 2 X 10(-8) M obtained in solution. The antigenic site recognized by MC beta-1 antibodies is present on each protomer of the beta NGF dimer, and the binding affinity of the second antibody molecule is similar to that of the first. The MC beta-1 antibodies inhibit neurite outgrowth from sensory neurons. Because this inhibition directly correlates with the inhibition of binding to the higher affinity beta NGF receptors, it suggests that beta NGF complexed with two antibody molecules does not bind to the receptor and is biologically inactive.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Amyloid-containing renal interstitial cell nodules (RICNs) associated with chronic arterial hypertension in older age groups.

A highly significant correlation is demonstrated between the presence in older persons of medullary renal interstitial cell nodules (RICNs) containing amyloid and increased heart weight indicative of chronic arterial hypertension. By contrast, the population with amyloid-free RICNs 1) showed heart weights comparable to those of controls and 2) had a mean age about 11 years less (56.7 +/- 9.6 vs 68 +/- 12 years) than the group with amyloid-containing RICNs. In a series of 55 autopsy cases presenting with RICNs, no individual was younger than 30 years. In two cases, in which fresh material was available, histochemical reactions suggested that the RICNs contained APUD amyloid. It is speculated that fully functional RICNs may evolve on a compensatory base counteracting an increase in mean arterial blood pressure and that the deposition of amyloid within RICNs could be associated with, or be an expression of, a reduced endocrine function of these structures, finally resulting in the development of arterial hypertension.

APUD Cells↗
PubMed1981

Lethal vasculitis of coronary arteries in a neonate and two infants: possible neonatal variant of the MLNS/IPN complex?

An unusual case of fatal myocardial infarction in a neonate due to coronary arteries is compared with two lethal cases of Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome and/or Infantile Periarteritis Nodosa (MLNS/IPN). The neonatal coronary arteritis was pathologically indistinguishable from typical forms of MLNS/IPN, which cannot be reliably separated and whose strange epidemiologic features as well as their etiology(-ies) remain to be clarified. It is suggested that further research of the etiology of MLNS/IPN should be aware of a possible neonatal variant of this syndrome.

Arteritis↗
PubMed1981

[Crosti disease (reticulohistiocytoma type Crosti). Light microscopic, ultrastructural, histochemical and immunohistologic findings].

Four patients with lymphoma-like skin diseases of a protracted course and dubious dignity are reported and reviewed together with similar cases of the literature. These cases correspond largely to the entity termed reticulohistiocytoma which was described by Crosti in 1951. The ultrastructural, histochemical, and immunohistological findings indicate tha the tumoral infiltrate consists of a cell population with close similarities to histiocytes. A possible explanation for the characteristic protracted evolution is an immunologic mechanism is causing an increased cell death rate.

Fibroma↗