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Biomedical subjects

A Yachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Yachi.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Human gastric cancer-associated antigens and carcinoembryonic antigen detected by monoclonal antibodies.

The serologic and molecular characterization of four monoclonal antibodies to human gastric cancer cells and to CEA were described and the immunohistologic patterns of reactions with freshly obtained gastrointestinal tissues were examined. Monoclonal antibody YK004, which was secreted by the hybridoma constructed with the gastric carcinoma cell line KATO III, reacted with an antigenic determinant preferentially expressed on human gastric and colonic carcinoma cells, but it failed to bind any nonmalignant tissues tested except the stomach. Although this antibody reacted with fetal digestive tract tissues, it failed to immunoprecipitate CEA. Monoclonal antibodies YK013 and YK024 prepared in the same manner by immunizing with the gastric carcinoma cell line KATO III reacted with antigenic determinants on CEA, but not on NCA or NCA2. The antigenic profiles recognized by these two antibodies were found to be identical by sequential immunoprecipitation experiments. However, the antigenic determinant recognized by antibody YK013 may be different from that recognized by antibody YK024, since the immunohistologic reactivity patterns in carcinoma tissue sections were clearly different. Monoclonal antibody AS001, which was secreted by the hybridomas constructed with purified CEA as immunogen, immunoprecipitated CEA molecule with a single antigenic structure of 200 Kd, which was different from the antigenic profile detected by two other monoclonal antibodies, YK013 and YK024. The unique distribution of the antigenic determinants recognized by our monoclonal antibodies on cancerous tissues suggests that antibodies might be able to detect the unique determinants of the circulating CEA molecule or CEA-related molecules in the serum of cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Sex difference in the paradoxical response of serum GH to thyrotrophin releasing hormone in cancer patients.

It was demonstrated that thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) elicited a paradoxical increase in basal GH levels in cancer patients. Out of 94 cancer patients, 50 were found to be GH responders and this phenomenon was more frequently recognized in female than in male cancer patients. In cancer patients under 59 years of age, the GH response to TRH was significantly greater in females than in males, although there was no sex difference in the GH response in patients above 60 years of age. In female cancer patients, the GH response to TRH was significantly greater in patients under 59 years of age than in patients above 60 years of age, while there was no age difference in the GH response in male cancer patients. It was concluded that paradoxical responses of serum GH to TRH were recognized in 53 per cent of cancer patients and were more frequently observed in female than in male cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the binding of plasma low density lipoproteins to arterial elastin.

The mechanism of in vitro complex formation between plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL) and arterial elastin was studied. Rosette formation and decreased binding of the chemically modified LDL suggested that the intact protein moiety of lipoproteins was essential for the transfer of lipids from LDL to elastin. However, subsequent treatment of the elastin-LDL complex with trypsin removed the greater part of the lipoprotein protein but not the transferred cholesterol, indicating that the protein moiety of the lipoprotein did not take part in the retention of lipids on the elastin. In view of the observed effects of pH, ionic strength, various types of detergents and polarity of elastin preparations, it appears that the charged groups of the protein moiety of lipoproteins and the hydrophobicity of elastin proteins may play important parts in the binding of lipoproteins to arterial elastin.

Aorta↗
PubMed1983

[Current status of monoclonal antibodies to human melanoma and its application].

Monoclonal antibodies to human melanoma associated antigens were reviewed from the viewpoint of a target structure recognized by them. In addition, phase I evaluation of a monoclonal antibody 225.28S in man and fundamental studies of the antibody-cytotoxic agent conjugates in melanoma-bearing nude mice were described.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan (SPG) in advanced gastric cancer--a randomized comparative study by an envelope method].

To clarify the clinical efficacy of SPG, a beta-1, 3 glucan extracted from cultured Schizophyllum commune Fries, a randomized comparative study was performed in combination with mitomycin C+5-fluorouracil (MF protocol) or tegafur (F protocol). A total of 514 cases with inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer were randomly allocated to either the SPG group or the control group, 367 of which were finally assessed for clinical efficacy. SPG was intramuscularly given at a dose of 20 mg twice a week or 40 mg once a week. Significant prolongation of life span was confirmed in the SPG group (MF protocol: p less than 0.01, F protocol: p less than 0.05), although the combination of SPG did not demonstrate a remarkable antitumor effect in both MF and F protocols. Among immune response parameters tested, the positive reactions in the PHA skin test were maintained in the SPG group and decreases in lymphocyte counts were inhibited by SPG in the MF protocol. Side effects associated with SPG therapy were noted in 6 of 258 cases treated with SPG. From these results, it is indicated that the combination of SPG and the chemotherapeutic agents may be useful in treating patients with inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

[Development of monoclonal antibodies to human tumor markers].

The development of hybridoma technology has provided the possibility of preparing unlimited amounts of highly specific and homogeneous monoclonal antibodies thus eliminating many of the disadvantages with conventional antisera and rekindling interest in the application of immunodiagnostic and immunotherapeutic approaches to human cancer. Several reports, including our own of monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated antigens expressed by solid tumors including gastric, colorectal, lung and other various carcinomas, were reviewed from the viewpoint of tumor markers.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

[Monoclonal antibodies to digestive-tract cancer].

There have been few reports concerning monoclonal antibodies to human digestive-tract cancers and CEA. Recently, we established several monoclonal antibodies to either gastric cancer, colorectal cancer or CEA using a CEA-secreting gastric cancer cell line or a purified CEA preparation as immunogen. In this review, we mainly described serologic and molecular characterization of both CEA-related and CEA-unrelated antigens detected by the monoclonal antibodies originated in our laboratory. We also introduced some approaches to the clinical application of the monoclonal antibodies described in the literature.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Effect of cimetidine on prolactin secretion in normal controls and hyperthyroid patients.

Nine healthy female controls and 10 hyperthyroid female patients were studied. The intravenous administration of 200 mg cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist, was followed by a significant and marked rise in serum prolactin levels in all control subjects. There was no significant difference in serum PRL response to cimetidine injection between the euthyroid controls and hyperthyroid patients. But max delta PRL, the change from basal to peak values, is significantly lower in the hyperthyroid patients than in the controls. There was a significant negative correlation between max delta PRL and serum T4 or T3 levels in hyperthyroid patients before and after treatment with MMI or PTU. It appears from our data that cimetidine induced PRL release was blunted in hyperthyroid patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A case with isolated ACTH deficiency accompanying chronic thyroiditis.

An unusual case of isolated ACTH deficiency with coexisting chronic thyroiditis in a 53-year-old man is reported. The patient was admitted with a 2-year history of generalized fatigue, a 13-kg weight loss, muscular weakness, and frequent hypotensive and hypoglycemic attacks. On admission serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine were significantly elevated. Basal TSH concentration was not detected and TSH showed no response to TRH, but one month after replacement therapy with hydrocortisone it was shown that serum T3, T4 and TSH response were all within normal limits. Thyroid antibodies were positive and biopsy of the thyroid gland showed chronic thyroiditis. Arginine and 1-Dopa provoked a subnormal rise in GH with a maximum of 5.6 ng/ml and 5.0, respectively. One month after treatment with hydrocortisone, GH response to 1-Dopa and arginine increased to the normal range. Prolactin response to TRH was normal and FSH response to LHRH was also normal. LH showed an exaggerated response to LHRH, although a normal response was revealed after treatment with hydrocortisone. We also presented a summary of 44 Japanese cases, 23 males (mean age; 46 yrs old) and 21 females (mean age; 48 yrs old), with isolated ACTH deficiency.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗