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Biomedical subjects

A Yachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Yachi.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Fundamental studies with respect to plasma exchange by using continuous-flow centrifuge system and the clinical trial in patients with myasthenia gravis].

A plasma exchange by using the continuous-flow centrifuge blood cell separator (IBM 2997) was carried out in 13 patients with various diseases including myasthenia gravis. The effects of the plasma exchange on blood components and side effects during the procedure were evaluated. In addition, 5 cases with severe myasthenia gravis who had failed to respond to medication were treated by plasma exchange, and the results were as follows: 1. Red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were significantly decreased while white blood cells inclined to increase after plasma exchange. In serum electrolytes and proteins there were no changes. 2. The side effects such as itching and eruption were observed in 46% of the patients. However, they disappeared within a short period. 3. In 2 cases with myasthenia gravis, a significant improvement in muscle weakness was observed by plasma exchange. In these cases, serum levels of the acetylcholine receptor antibody and the circulating immune complex were decreased, as compared with the previous levels. These parameters showed no correlation with severity of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[NK activities in cancer patients--their modification by an immunopotentiator].

NK activity of patients with cancer against gastric carcinoma cell line KATO-III, lung carcinoma cell line A-549 as well as K-562 was significantly lower than that in the control group. We investigated in vitro effects of immunopotentiator, OK-432, on the effector cells of both healthy donors and cancer patients. NK activity of healthy donors was clearly augmented after treatment of effector cells with OK-432. NK activity of some patients with cancer, however, showed no augmentation after OK-432 treatment. These results might be helpful for monitoring cancer patients from immunological view point.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

Evidence of sex difference in dopaminergic modulation of serum TSH secretion in primary hypothyroidism.

We have demonstrated the sex difference with respect to the dopaminergic modulation of serum TSH secretion in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Ten patients, 4 men and 6 women, with hypothyroidism were given 10 mg of Domperidone (Domp) iv, a very potent and specific dopamine receptor blocking agent, which could not readily cross the blood brain barrier. There was a significant rise in the TSH level after Domp iv in female patients with primary hypothyroidism, from basal values at zero time at 74.4 +/- 33.8 (M +/- SE) microU/ml to 171.2 +/- 94.9 at 30 min (p less than 0.001), 159.6 +/- 100.5 at 60 min (p less than 0.001). In contrast, no significant change in serum TSH values after Domp iv occurred in male patients with primary hypothyroidism, from basal values at zero time of 181.1 +/- 39.9 microU/ml to 171.4 +/- 31.1 at 30 min, 180.7 +/- 33.2 at 60 min and 172.7 /+- 31.0 at 90 min. After thyroid hormone therapy, max delta TSH values and the change from basal to peak values were significantly related to basal TSH values in female patients with primary hypothyroidism (r = +0.93, p less than 0.001), while max delta TSH in male patients was inversely related to basal TSH values within the limited concentrations (r - =0.78, p less than 0.02). It was conjectured from our results that maximum TSH responses to intravenous administration of domperidone in male and female hypothyroid patients were observed in respectively different basal TSH values, that is, less than 100 microU/ml in males and more than 100 microU/ml in females. Our findings provided evidence of sex difference in dopaminergic modulation of TSH secretion in primary hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Growth hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in cancer patients.

Plasma GH responses to TRH were investigated in 50 cancer patients. Out of 50 cancer patients, 33 were found to be responders. At 15, 30 and 60 min after TRH injection, the mean values GH for cancer patients was significantly higher than the corresponding value for normal controls and the base-line level following saline injection in cancer patients (p < 0.001). Our results suggests that a possible alteration of hypothalamic-pituitary function regulating GH secretion may occur in patients with cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the CEA-like substance in gastric juice.

Concentration and heterogeneity of CEA-like substance in gastric juice were studied using radioimmunoassay. Statistically significant increase of CEA-like substance in gastric juice was found in advanced atrophic gastritis (P less than 0.01), early gastric cancer (P less than 0.05) and advanced gastric cancer (P less than 0.01) as compared with normal subjects. In cases with atrophic gastritis with a high degree of intestinal metaplasia, the concentrations above 300 microgram/dl were noticed. The results indicate that increased concentrations of CEA-like substance in gastric secretions may strongly suggest the presence of a marked intestinal metaplasia and/or cancerous changes of gastric mucosae, including the early cancer. The distribution of CEA activity in gel filtration fractions of gastric juice was compared using kits of two different radioimmunoassay systems. The patterns of CEA activities were different between the two different kits used, but the main peaks were located in the fractions with the molecular weight of 20x10(4) daltons corresponding to that of serum CEA. It is considered, however, that the CEA-like substance in gastric juice specimens may be more or less heterogenous when any of the methods is used.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1978

Studies on immunoreactive gastrin with special regard to its molecular form and G cell counts in gastrointestinal mucosa of fetal, neonatal and adult rats.

Changes of distribution of immunoreactive gastrin (IRG) and molecular forms of intra-tissue gastrin in the growth course of rats were examined. The results obtained were as follows; 1) IRG concentrations and G cell counts were extremely low in the fetal antral mucosa. However, a gradual increase of the above was observed during the neonatal suckling period, accompanied by a rapid increase at the commencement of feeding. 2) IRG concentrations in the duodenal mucosa of the fetal and neonatal period were markedly higher than that of adult rat. 3) Jejunal IRG concentration was negligible in the fetal period. The value obtained from the postnatal rats was equal to or higher than that of adult rat. 4) The major form of antral gastrin was G-17 throughout the fetal and adult age. No qualitative change of antral IRG in the growth course of rats was seen. 5) The major form of the duodeno-jejunal mucosa was G-17 in the fetal period and thereafter G-34 increased gradually in the growth course of rats. These results suggested that, (1) suckling and feeding appeared to be a trigger of the production and release of antral gastrin in the growth course of rats. (2) In the initial stage of the growth, G cells distributed in the duodeno-jejunal mucosa as well as in the antral mucosa may participated in the production and release mechanism of gastrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of leucocyte migration by potassium chloride extracts of human tumor cells in ascites and from tissues.

Human gastric cancer-associated antigens were solubilized from fresh ascites and surgical specimens by 3M KCl extraction. The antigenicity of these extracts was measured by leucocyte migration inhibition assay with an improved modification devised in this laboratory. Antigens extracted mutually reacted with autologous and allogeneic leucocytes taken from cancer patients. The out of 11 (27%) patients and 7 out of 28 (25%) patients with various cancers showed positive migration index values against 13 ascites tumor cell antigens in the autologous and allogeneic reaction systems, respectively. Reactions were positive in 4 out of 10 patients with gastric cancer against autologous antigens, and in 10 out of 26 (38%) of the patients against allogeneic tumor antigens. On the other hand, one patient with gastric cancer reacted well with various sources of antigens extracted from allogeneic cells of gastric cancer, while the other patient with gastric cancer did not react with any of five gastric cancer antigens tested so far. These findings suggested that the cell-mediated immune response of patients with gastric cancer against autologous and allogeneic tumor antigens extracted was detectable in the test system. It is considered at present that the eM KCl antigen may be relate to human leucocyte antigen, and some common antigenic reactants capable of reacting with several gastric cancer may be involved in this reaction.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗