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Biomedical subjects

A Yachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Yachi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Detection of circulating adenocarcinoma-associated antigen in the sera of cancer patients with a monoclonal antibody.

The antigen (YH206 antigen) corresponding to the monoclonal antibody (MoAb) YH206 (IgM), which was produced against a lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, was found to be an extremely high-molecular-weight protein of over 330,000 daltons by means of SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The immunohistological distribution of the antigenic determinant recognized by MoAb YH206 was found to be limited to adenocarcinoma tissues. It was shown by reversed passive hemagglutination assay (RPHA) that the antigen could be detected not only in the spent medium from human lung cancer cell line A549 but also in the sera from cancer patients. Only 3 out of 30 (10%) healthy donors and 4 of 31 (12.9%) patients with benign diseases had serum antigen levels of more than 1/64 dilution. In contrast, 42 of 87 (48.3%) patients with lung cancer and 29 of 50 (58.0%) patients with cancers of the digestive organs had elevated levels of the antigen. As regards the relation between antigen levels and clinical stages of lung cancer, values of more than 1/128 dilution were detected only in patients with stage III or IV disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Serum antibody reacting with placental syncytiotrophoblast in sera of patients with autoimmune diseases--a possible relation to type C RNA retrovirus.

This study reports the immunohistological detection of serum antibody reacting with the basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast of human chorionic villi, where SSAV/GaLV (simian sarcoma associated virus/gibbon ape lymphoma virus) type C retrovirus p30 related antigen was observed by an indirect immunofluorescent method using monospecific antibodies against SSAV p28 and GaLV p29. The immunoglobulin class of this antibody activity called 'the anti-basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast (anti-BAST)', was exclusively IgM and detected in the sera of both female and male patients with SLE and other autoimmune diseases, but rarely in the sera of normal controls. Immunofluorescent absorption and blocking test revealed that anti-BAST specifically reacted with human placenta and cross-reacted with subhuman primate type C RNA retrovirus SSV/SSAV (simian sarcoma virus/simian sarcoma associated virus), but did not cross-react with ATLV (adult T cell leukaemia virus) and BaEV (baboon endogenous retrovirus). These results suggest the presence of a new antigen-antibody system for another human type C retrovirus related antigens(s) and a participation of retrovirus in autoimmune diseases.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1985

Suppression of human melanoma growth in nude mice injected with anti high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen monoclonal antibody 225.28S conjugated to purothionin.

The cytotoxic agent purothionin purified from barley was covalently conjugated to the anti-human high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 225.28S by utilizing water-soluble carbodiimide. Injection of the conjugate (0.1 mg/injection) significantly increased the life span of nude mice injected with ascitic-form human melanoma cells (Colo 38), and caused 40% inhibition on day 25 of the growth of solid-form human melanoma cells in nude mice. The effect is specific and is markedly influenced by the site of growth of tumors and by the schedule of administration of the conjugate.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Immunologic characterization and molecular profile of carcinoembryonic antigen detected by monoclonal antibodies.

Four distinct monoclonal antibodies, which reacted with CEA preparations but not with nonspecific cross-reacting antigen or with nonspecific cross-reacting antigen 2, were established. Except for monoclonal antibody AS001 , all of these monoclonal antibodies immunoprecipitated molecular forms of 200K and 180K daltons that are not bridged by disulfide bonds. Immunodepletion experiments and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that these monoclonal antibodies recognized the same antigenic structure when 125I-CEA preparation was used. Monoclonal antibody AS001 is of particular interest, because this antibody reacted only with a 200K dalton molecule which is a part of the molecules recognized by the other three monoclonal antibodies. The rosette inhibition assay and the immunoprecipitation experiments suggest that each monoclonal antibody recognizes a different antigenic determinant. The antigenic determinants recognized by monoclonal antibodies YK013 and AS001 may be peptides in nature, whereas the determinants recognized by antibodies YK024 or AS005 might be carbohydrate. The radioimmunoassay with monoclonal antibody AS001 was established, and the results clearly indicate that the incidence of positivity for the sera from digestive tract cancer patients and from lung cancer patients obtained by monoclonal antibody AS001 was higher than that obtained by the polyclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibody AS001 was able to detect the corresponding antigen in the sera, which the polyclonal antibody failed to detect. This study therefore suggests that monoclonal antibodies may enhance and improve the diagnostic value in cancer patients with undetectable or lower CEA levels detected by conventional anti-CEA antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical distribution of the antigenic determinants detected by monoclonal antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen.

By using four distinct monoclonal antibodies to CEA, the molecular profile of which was clarified in our accompanying companion paper, immunohistochemical distribution of the antigenic determinants on both cancerous and noncancerous tissues as well as fetal tissues was studied with the use of the immunoperoxidase method. All of the monoclonal antibodies recognize different antigenic determinants on the tissue section. None of the antibodies stained granulocytes in the peripheral blood or in the normal liver tissues tested. Three of our monoclonal antibodies stained columnar epithelial cells in morphologically normal colonic mucosa; however, monoclonal antibody YK024 did not stain them. This antibody was also found to be unreactive with intestinal metaplasia lesions of the stomach, but reacted with a 16-wk-old fetal stomach as well as with cancerous parts of the colon and of the stomach. Moreover, it was found that this monoclonal antibody mainly reacted with moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma lesions of the colon and the stomach. Periodic acid treatment in this study, together with trypsin treatment on the antigen as described in our accompanying companion paper, may suggest that this antibody recognizes the carbohydrate antigenic determinant in nature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[A case of brain stem encephalitis with complete recovery (Bickerstaff's encephalitis)].

A 17 year old high school boy experienced fever and diarrhea, which subsided within 4 days by appropriate medications. Six days later, however, he developed unsteadiness and limb spasm. On the morning of admission, he was found to have drowsiness, dysarthria, gait disturbance and involuntary jerks. When he was brought to the hospital, he was lethargic but could follow simple verbal commands. Frequent involuntary movements manifested by facial grimacings, limb spasms and twitchings with dystonic features were seen. Decorticate posturing was readily elicited by painful stimuli. There was no meningeal irritation sign or gross sensory impairment. The deep tendon reflexes were symmetrically exaggerated with bilateral Babinski signs. Bilateral lateral rectus muscle weakness was found together with mild ptosis and upward gaze limitation. Nystagmus was not present and the funduscopic examination was normal. Immediately he was placed on anticonvulsants, steroid hormone, gamma-globulin and antibiotics as well. A brain CT scan and a CSF examination revealed no abnormality. Meanwhile he continued to show a progressive deterioration associated with fever and status epilepticus, and within 24 hours he lapsed into coma in decorticate posture. An EEG obtained at the 3rd hospital day was compatible with spindle coma. In spite of aggressive treatment he remained febrile and comatous. Therefore, vidarabine (adenine arabinoside) was initiated from the 3rd hospital day for 5 days. Then he began to groan and show frequent choreic movements. For the subsequent 2 weeks he made a slow recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Studies on serum CEA levels measured by enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal CEA-antibodies].

A double determinant enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using two monoclonal antibodies against CEA was established in the Abott laboratory. Serum CEA levels from patients with various cancers and benign diseases were measured using this EIA in comparison with the results obtained by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using polyclonal antibody against CEA. A significant correlation was noted between the values measured by the two methods. When serum CEA levels were more than 100 ng/ml, the values for EIA were found to be higher than those for RIA. However, this EIA was judged to be useful for monitoring cancer patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

[An autopsy case of extramedullary plasmacytoma with systemic dissemination 2 years after the onset of a localized tumor in the nasal cavity].

A 73-year-old male was admitted because of a localized tumor in the nasal cavity, which was suspected to be malignant lymphoma by biopsy specimens. Laboratory findings were within normal limits except for small amounts of M protein (IgG-lambda) in the serum. The patient was successfully treated by radiotherapy, with the disappearance of both the tumor and M protein. Two years after the onset, however, a solid tumor was observed in the soft tissue, followed by rapid systemic dissemination. An increase in M protein was obvious, and the biopsy specimens disclosed plasmacytoma. The patient died three months after admission, and post-mortem examinations revealed a diffuse infiltration of plasmacytes predominantly in the soft tissues.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[A comparative study of free amino acid levels in serum and cerebral cortex in uremic rat].

The etiology of uremic encephalopathy remains largely unknown. In order to elucidate the role of amino acid changes in uremic encephalopathy, the free amino acids in serum and cerebral cortex were measured in the experimental uremic models. The rats weighing 200 g underwent bilateral ureteral ligation for 48 hours (acute uremia), while the other animals were kept for 4 months after unilateral nephrectomy followed by partial 2/3 nephrectomy of the remaining kidney (chronic uremia). They were confirmed to develop chemical changes compatible with uremia showing markedly elevated serum levels of BUN, creatinine and K+, and were compared with the sham-operated controls. The amino acid patterns, obtained from serum and cerebral cortex, were essentially identical in both acute and chronic uremia. In serum, aspartic acid, glycine and 3-methylhistidine were significantly elevated, and in addition citrulline, alpha-aminoadipic acid, cystine and gamma-aminobutyric acid specifically appeared in uremia. On the contrary, glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine were significantly reduced. Tyrosine/phenylalanine ratio, valine/glycine ratio, essential amino acids/non essential amino acids ratio were also apparently reduced in uremia. In cerebral cortex, aspartic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, ornithine, phenylalanine, phosphoethanolamine and taurine were significantly elevated, whereas 1-methylhistidine and 3-methylhistidine were specifically detected. Carnocine, glutamic acid and ornithine disclosed a significant reduction in uremia. The above complicated changes in cerebral cortex could not be explained simply by the enhanced permeability of the blood-brain barrier, or by the accelerated ammonia fixation. Therefore, it was suggested that the amino acid levels in cerebral cortex vary under the control of the sophisticated mechanism.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Selective in vitro toxicity of purothionin conjugated to the monoclonal antibody 225.28S to a human high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen.

The toxic agent purothionin was conjugated to the monoclonal antibody 225.28S to a human high-molecular-weight melanoma-accociated antigen. The toxic conjugate displayed in vitro toxicity to cultured human Colo 38 melanoma cells as indicated by reduced uptake of 3H-thymidine following a 24-h incubation and loss of cell viability following a 7-day incubation. The effect is dose-dependent and is specific since addition of the toxic conjugate to a cultured Raji B lymphoid cells did not affect their 3H-thymidine uptake or their viability.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of secretory component in non-cancerous human gastric mucosa.

Immunological detection of secretory component (SC) in non-cancerous human gastric mucosa was carried out by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) method using several fixatives. SC was detected in the generative zone or mucous neck of normal gastric mucosa without intestinal metaplasia (IM) and in absorptive cells of IM of the stomach. The deep part of complete type IM showed a larger amount of SC than the superficial part. These findings suggested that the appearance of SC in gastric mucosa would be relevant to the immunity of glandular epithelium. In addition, SC was also detected in pyloric gland cells in specimens fixed with cold 95% ethanol. From these results, SC was considered to be a normal constituent and one of the developmental proteins in the gastric mucosa.

Gastric Mucosa↗
PubMed1983

Inhibitory effect of high density lipoprotein subfractions on the in vitro binding of low density lipoproteins to arterial elastin.

The inhibitory effects of high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions on the in vitro complex formation between plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) and arterial elastin were studied. The inhibitory effects were significantly higher with HDL3 than HDL2, and with HDL-without E than HDL-with E. The inhibitory effect of a phospholipid complex with apoHDL3 was higher than that with apoHDL2. In contrast with the inhibitory effects, the binding abilities of HDL2 and HDL-with E to elastin were significantly higher than those of HDL3 and HDL-without E. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of HDL subfractions are not due to competitive binding with arterial elastin.

Aorta↗