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Biomedical subjects

A Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to A Wolf.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Ventricular somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in patients with basal ganglia disease.

The concentrations of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in lateral ventricular fluid of patients with extrapyramidal motor disease were determined by specific radio-immunoassay. Mean SLI levels were significantly lower in patients with Parkinson's disease (mean +/- SEM); 42.9 +/- 2.9 fmol/ml) and in patients with dystonic syndromes (39.4 +/- 3.2) than in patients with benign essential tremor (65.3 +/- 9.7). The lowest levels were found in patients with athetosis (34.7 +/- 5.4). In parkinsonian patients somatostatin levels correlated with the degree of akinesia, rigidity and autonomic disturbances.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Glucose metabolic rate kinetic model parameter determination in humans: the lumped constants and rate constants for [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose and [11C]deoxyglucose.

The rate constants and lumped constants (LCs) for [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) and [11C]deoxyglucose ([11C]DG) were determined in humans for the glucose metabolic rate kinetic model used to measure local cerebral glucose consumption. The mean values (+/- SE) of the LCs for [18F]FDG and [11C]DG are 0.52 +/- 0.028 (n = 9) and 0.56 +/- 0.043 (n = 6), respectively. The mean values (+/- SE) of the rate constants k*1, k*2, k*3, and k*4 for [18F]FDG for gray matter are 0.095 +/- 0.005, 0.125 +/- 0.002, 0.069 +/- 0.002, and 0.0055 +/- 0.0003, respectively. The corresponding values for white matter are 0.065 +/- 0.005, 0.126 +/- 0.003, 0.066 +/- 0.002, and 0.0054 +/- 0.0006, respectively. Using these values and previously published values for the rate constants for [11C]DG, the average whole-brain metabolic rates for glucose in normal subjects measured with [18F]FDG and [11C]DG are 5.66 +/- 0.37 (n = 6) and 4.99 +/- 0.23 (n = 6) mg/100 g/min, respectively. These values are not significantly different (t = 1.56, p greater than 0.10) and agree well with reported values in the literature determined by means of the Kety-Schmidt technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Systemic lupus erythematosus: delineation of subpopulations by clinical, serologic, and T cell subset analysis.

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 194) were analyzed for correlation of clinical features. In addition, the proportions of the two major T cell subsets were determined in 87 subjects. Two patient subgroups were discerned: one in which severe renal disease, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia predominated, and a second in which sicca syndrome and involvement of the central nervous system, lungs and muscle occurred. The ratio of T helper/inducer to T suppressor/cytotoxic cells was reduced in the first group and increased in the second. We conclude that SLE does not comprise a single disease entity, but rather represents a number of syndromes with overlapping clinical features. The correlation of clinical symptoms with the proportions of circulating T cell subsets suggests that several immunologic mechanisms may underlie the various types of SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Severe liver damage as a drug-allergy reaction to cefoperazone].

A 20 year old man was treated with cefoperazone for 25 days because of a local infection after an open fracture complicated by pseudarthrosis. Severe liver damage was noted on 25th day of cefoperazone treatment. There was extreme elevation of transaminases and alkaline phosphatasis as well as jaundice and prolonged prothrombin time. Upper GI bleeding, fever and acute renal failure developed. All symptoms disappeared after cessation of cefoperazone. A causal relationship between the drug and liver damage seems likely because of a positive lymphocyte stimulation test, the time relation between cefoperazone therapy and change in liver function as well as the development of eosinophilia. Other causes of liver damage could be excluded. The pathogenesis of liver damage, upper GI bleeding and acute renal failure is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

SCE frequencies in lymphocytes of systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

The frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was investigated in peripheral lymphocytes of lupus erythematosus patients and compared with values obtained for healthy controls. Irrespective of the kind of medical treatment, an increased level of spontaneously occurring SCEs could be demonstrated in lupus patients. In addition to spontaneously occurring SCEs, mitomycin C (MMC)-induced SCEs were evaluated. No difference between patients and controls was found with respect to MMC-induced SCEs.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hospital personnel with penicillin-resistant Streptococcus viridans. A case for special consideration in the prevention of bacterial endocarditis.

Penicillin is the drug of choice for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis (BE) resulting from dental treatment. The susceptibility of Streptococcus viridans to this antimicrobial agent was studied. A representative sample of hospital personnel (N = 76) was compared to a control group of seventy-six subjects who were not associated with the hospital. Twenty-four of the hospital personnel worked in wards that consume 0.13 to 1.64 (mean +/- SD = 0.88 +/- 0.64) gm penicillin per day per position (low consumption group = LCG) and fifty-two worked in wards that consume 2.27 to 3.67 (mean +/- SD = 3.04 +/- 0.55) gm penicillin per day per position (high consumption group = HCG). Antibiograms of oral isolates showed that, while 48.08% of the subjects from the HCG revealed penicillin-resistant S. viridans only 8.33% of the subjects from the LCG and 7.89% of the control group presented such results. The data presented suggest that there are subjects who may unknowingly carry penicillin-resistant S. viridans as part of their oral flora. It is therefore recommended that the preferable antibiotic used for the prevention of BE should be determined by an antibiogram.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1984

Chronic hemodialysis: high risk patients for arrhythmias?

UNLABELLED: Patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing chronic maintenance dialysis (HD) are a high risk group for sudden death due to cardiovascular complications. It was the aim of the study to investigate the quantity and quality of arrhythmias during HD and between two consecutive HD (interval, I) with regard to the reproducibility of the expected results. 15 patients (8 males, 7 females) underwent continuous Holter monitoring (LT-ECG) under ambulatory conditions over 96 h including two HD ( HD1 + HD2 ) and two intervals (I1 + I2). The LT-ECG recordings were analysed with the computer assisted ' Multipass -Scanning' system with regard to heart rate (HR), supraventricular premature beats (SPB), ventricular ectopics (PVC) and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. RESULTS: The HR demonstrated a typical, well-known circadian pattern with remarkable increase of the HR during each HD. Except for rare, single SPB and/or PVC, no supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias could be detected reproducibly. Single PVC occurred in patients with a lower potassium value. No malignant ventricular arrhythmias were found. In comparison to previously published studies, which demonstrated a high incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias, these conflicting results were due to differences in patients' recruitment (underlying disease, age, etc.), the performance of HD (duration, ion concentration of the dialysate etc.), serum potassium levels and drug medication (digitalis, quinidine). In summary, chronic HD per se did not enhance the risk of malignant arrhythmias in patients with end-stage kidney disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Acute cortical blindness: a reversible complication of acute kidney failure in a child with burns].

An 11 year old boy was admitted to the Department of Pediatrics Medical School of Vienna with 2nd and 3rd degree burns covering 30% of his body. He presented with complications--high fever, vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration--which had led to acute renal failure. After 6 hemodialyses renal function recovered after two weeks and the patient entered a polyuric phase. In connection with a transient dehydration the patient showed a sudden bilateral cortical blindness. The computerized tomogram (CT) showed vague evidence of an occipital cortical ischemia. We assume that several factors have played a role in this sudden occurrence. As a result of hypovolemia and coincident anemia and electrolyte inbalance, cerebral edema and cortical tissue hypoxia with emphasis in the occipital cortical region developed in the brain possibly already damaged by burn injury. A complete reversal of the clinical state was achieved. The patient was discharged with normal vision and normalized renal function.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Use of 2-deoxy-D[1-11C]glucose for the determination of local cerebral glucose metabolism in humans: variation within and between subjects.

The deoxyglucose technique for the measurement of local cerebral glucose metabolism (LCMRgl) has been widely applied in animals utilizing 14C-deoxyglucose and in humans employing 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. Repeat studies in humans over a relatively brief period of time have not been possible because of the 110-min half-life of fluorine-18. With the synthesis of 11C-deoxyglucose it has now become possible to utilize this short-lived (20 min) tracer for the measurement of LCMRgl and to determine its variability within subjects over a 2-h period. The kinetic rate constants for 11C-deoxyglucose were determined for gray and white matter and found to be very similar to those for 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, suggesting that these two analogues of glucose have similar affinities for the facilitated transport system and are similar substrates for hexokinase in the brain. The coefficient of variation of repeated measurements of LCMRgl in a series of six normal subjects was 5.5% to 8.7% for various gray matter structures and 9.7% and 14.0% for white matter structures. The pattern of cerebral metabolic rates is relatively constant in a given individual when the conditions of the study are unchanged. The ability to make repeat measurements in the same subject reduces the variance due to between-subject differences, allowing smaller changes in LCMRgl to be detected with confidence.

Brain↗