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Biomedical subjects

A Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to A Wolf.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The adult diplomyelia syndrome.

Diplomyelia is an uncommon variant of diastematomyelia in which the spinal cord remains divided caudal to the diastematomyelia spur. Presented here are three adults who presented with a sign-and-symptom complex that is likely to occur only when such an anatomic aberration is found. Each patient complained of pain and paresis in one leg. Neurologic examination demonstrated dysfunction of not only both long tracts but also lower motor modalities in the symptomatic leg and no abnormalities in the opposite leg. These findings, therefore, would strongly suggest that each leg was supplied by one of the split spinal cords, with only one cord being compromised. When planning surgical intervention on these patients, one must be aware that removal of the central spur alone may not resolve the problem because the spur, unlike that in diastematomyelia, does not tether the split spinal cords.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of reserpine on regional cerebral glucose metabolism in control and migraine subjects.

The regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose metabolism (RCMRGlu) in five headache and six control subjects was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) using the tracer 2-deoxy-D-[1-11C] glucose before and after the administration of reserpine. The short half-life of the carbon 11 tracer made possible a test-retest paradigm wherein each subject served as his own control in assessing the effect of reserpine on RCMRGlu. Thus, measurements were first performed with subjects at rest and subsequently at 1 1/2 hours after the parenteral administration of reserpine (rest-reserpine). In control subjects without history of migraine, reserpine did not induce headache, and, furthermore, PET measurements 1 1/2 hours after drug administration consistently showed a global increase in RCMRGlu over resting values similar to that observed in a normal control (rest-rest) group not receiving reserpine. By contrast, four of the five subjects with migraine began to experience a mild unilateral headache or visual disturbances 1 1/2 hours after reserpine, at which time PET scanning showed a 5% to 30% decline in RCMRGlu below the values that had been measured before reserpine injection, all well outside of the 99% confidence limits of normal variation separately determined on 25 control subjects (rest-rest). There was no apparent laterality, and subjects with a history of either common or classic migraine responded in a similar manner. The difference in percent change in RCMRGlu following administration of reserpine observed in these four subjects with migraine headaches was significantly different over all regions of interest as compared with all six control subjects receiving the drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Subjective evaluation and quantitative gray-scale analysis in the sonographic diagnosis of diffuse changes in the liver parenchyma].

Two investigators were asked to evaluate independently the echogenicity, coarsening and inhomogeneity of the hepatic echo pattern in a semi-quantitative manner; they had no knowledge of the diagnosis and used the same apparatus. The three subjective criteria were largely independent from the observer. Approximately three-quarters of all patients with slightly increased echogenicity showed a subjective appearance of coarsening; the impression of inhomogeneity increased significantly with increasing echogenicity. This is of importance in the sonographic evaluation of cirrhosis of the liver and in the diagnosis of diffuse liver metastases in a fatty liver. Grey scale analysis within a region of interest showed satisfactory correlation between the measured mean grey scale and echogenicity. Standard deviation within the grey scale was redundant, and there was no correlation between the other subjective characteristics and quantitatively measurable values.

Fatty Liver↗
PubMed1986

1+ state in 44Ca.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

Positron emission tomography of hydrocephalus. Metabolic effects of shunt procedures.

Five patients with hydrocephalus were studied with carbon-11-2-deoxyglucose or 2-deoxy-2-(18F) fluoro-D-glucose and positron emission tomography both prior to and following ventricular shunting. Four subjects had communicating hydrocephalus; the fifth had aqueductal stenosis, two patients had hydrocephalus for three months or less. The three chronic patients were felt to have hydrocephalus for three years or more. After shunting ventricular size decreased in all patients, and all patients showed clinical improvement. The glucose cerebral metabolic rates increased after shunt in the two subjects with recent onset hydrocephalus but paradoxially decreased in the three chronic patients despite clinical improvement. These findings suggest that the cerebrum was metabolically hyperactive prior to shunt due to an unknown mechanism and presumably in response to the presence of hydrocephalus. A dissociation may also exist in the post-shunt period between cerebral metabolism and cerebral blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Control of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in cultured rat inner medullary collecting tubule cells: the role of calcium.

We investigated the role of calcium in basal, ionophore- and hormone-stimulated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by rat inner medullary collecting tubule cells. Basal PGE2 production is significantly decreased in the absence of calcium (4.49 +/- 0.79 vs. 19.99 +/- 3.47 pg/micrograms protein/h, p less than 0.001). No further increment is seen at 4 mM calcium. The ability of the calcium ionophore A23187 to stimulate PG production is proportional to the amount of calcium present in the extracellular space. Bradykinin is a potent stimulus to PG production even in the virtual absence of calcium while arginine vasopressin has only a modest effect. Neither bradykinin nor arginine vasopressin exhibit any further PG stimulation at 1 mM calcium; both bradykinin and arginine vasopressin increase PGE2 production significantly when calcium is increased to a supraphysiologic level. The data suggests an important role for intracellular rather than extracellular calcium in the control of PG production. Bradykinin but not vasopressin display significant calcium-independent stimulatory effects on PG synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ultrasound characteristics of the pancreas in children with cystic fibrosis.

Eighteen patients (3 months to 16 years) with cystic fibrosis (CF) were examined with a real-time mechanical sector-scanner (5 MH transducer). Compared with age-matched controls, each CF patient showed morphologic changes in the pancreas on abdominal ultrasound examination. A very common finding was a decrease in organ anterior-posterior diameters (CF versus controls: head, 1.25 +/- 0.38 cm versus 2.44 +/- 0.39 cm; body, 0.56 +/- 0.35 cm versus 0.98 +/- 0.3 cm; tail, 0.83 +/- 0.28 cm versus 1.81 +/- 0.38 cm) and a pronounced, age-independent increase in tissue echogenicity. In younger patients, small cystic degenerations could be observed in the pancreatic tail. No correlation could be found between ultrasound morphology, especially pancreatic duct imaging, and exocrine pancreatic function.

Adolescent↗