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Biomedical subjects

A Smith

Publications and source records attributed to A Smith.

At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Conducting tissues in congenitally corrected transposition with situs inversus.

Three cases of congenitally corrected transposition in situs inversus individuals were characterised by visceroatrial situs inversus, atrioventricular discordance, and ventiruloarterial discordance: one case was studied clinically, and the other 2 were necropsy specimens. The disposition of the atrioventricular conducting tissues was established in each case, in the living patient by intraoperative mapping, and in the necropsy specimens by histopathological investigation. In all, the connecting atrioventricular bundle arose from a normally situated posterior atrioventricular node, normally related to the landmarks of the atrial septum. Though anterior nodes were identified in the necropsy specimens, as reported in congenitally corrected transposition in situs individuals, they differed from those in the latter situation in that they made no atrioventricular connection. These findings have obvious surgical importance. It is suggested that the posterior connection is related to the good septal alignment in these cases which lacked significant septal defects. Posterior connections are not necessarily present in all situs inversus individuals with corrected transposition, particularly when there are malalignment ventricular septal defects: further studies are required in such cases.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1978

Bacterial studies of leg ulcers.

--Bacteriologic studies of 30 chronic leg ulcers were studied in 18 adult patients before and after treatment with a local cleansing agent, Debrisan.--Results show that all ulcers, whether clinically inflamed or not, are secondarily infected.--The majority of ulcers grew more than 1 type of organism, up to 6 different types in 1 single ulcer.--The use of Debrisan reduces the types of organisms and colony counts in ulcers, allowing healthy granulation and epithelialization to proceed normally.--Control of infection reduces surrounding local edema and erythema.--By reducing types of organisms and colony counts in chronic leg ulcers successful skin grafting was readily achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Tumor-promoting activity of 2,3-dihydrophorbol myristate acetate and phorbolol myristate acetate in mouse skin.

Phorbolol myristate acetate (PHMA) had been previously prepared from the potent mouse skin tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) by sodium borohydride reduction of the C-5 carbonyl group in PMA to a secondary alcohol. PHMA was shown to have an inflammatory effect in mouse skin equal to that of PMA. 2,3-Dihydrophorbol myristate acetate (DPMA), a new compound, was prepared from the 3-aldehyde of PMA by catalytic hydrogenation. DPMA exhibited no detectable inflammatory effect in mouse skin. Both DPMA and PHMA were tested on the dorsal skins of female ICR/Ha Swiss mice (30/group) for 433 and 380 days, respectively, in separate experiments. The tumor-promoting activity of both compounds was reduced significantly, compared with that of equimolar doses of PMA. For each treatment the number of mice with tumors per total number of tumors was: DPMA, 9/17; PMA, 29/553 at 10 microgram/mouse; PMA, 30/317; PHMA, 24/69 at 2.5 microgram/mouse. The results suggest that specific binding requirements influence the tumor-promoting and hyperplastic activity of PMA and its closely related derivatives in mouse skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Poor diagnosis of cystinuria in New South Wales.

The case histories of 33 stone-forming cystinurics were analysed with respected to the time taken for the diagnosis of cystinuria to be made. Stone analysis showed that 17 patients were diagnosed at the time of first stone formation, but the other 16 patients were not diagnosed until they had suffered repeated episodes of calculi. There were 25 episodes of renal colic in 14 patients before any stone formation, and there was no case of cystinuria diagnosed as the result of a search for the cause of the renal colic.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Benzodiazepines.

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Benzodiazepines↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of the nitroprusside test for the diagnosis of cystinuria.

Because of the wide acceptability of the nitroprusside test for the diagnosis of cystinuria, an analysis of 525 consecutive urine tests performed at this laboratory was undertaken, the nitroprusside test result being correlated with the urinary cystine excretion as determined by paper chromatography, high-voltage electrophoresis and chemical tests. It was found that the nitroprusside test clearly separated urine samples into categories of cystine excretion within the normal, heterozygote and homozygote range (P less than 0-001). However, 7 (1-33%) urine specimens from homozygous cystinurics gave a negative nitroprusside result. If properly performed on a concentrated urine specimen, this test is a very accurate means of diagnosing cystinuria (expected error approximately 1%), but it is not infallible.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Immunoreactive beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma in hypopituitarism: evidence for an extrapituitary origin.

Immunoreactive beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) was measured in the plasma of 19 patients with hypopituitarism and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of five of these patients. In neither plasma nor CSF were the beta-MSH concentrations significantly different from those in normal controls. These observations raise the possibility that beta-MSH may be produced by and secreted from neural tissue; this is supported by the findings of beta-MSH in high concentrations in many parts of the brain.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1977

Chemotherapy of seminoma.

1. Seminoma may occasionally be rapidly growing, aggressive, radioresistant, and chemotherapy-resistant tumor. 2. Alkylating agents have had the greatest number of trials and have produced the best response rates in the management of seminoma, but a wide range of other agents warrants trials. 3. Adjunct chemotherapy is a logical consideration in patients with stage II and stage III seminoma.

Adult↗