Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Shinoda.
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The present study was undertaken to do phenotype determination of in vitro proliferating lymphocytes by PPD stimulation using combination of monoclonal antibodies and flow-cytometry. The results obtained were as follows: 1) PPD induced a significant proliferation of activated T cell subsets (Leu4+DR+ cells, IL2-R+Leu3+ cells). 2) PPD also induced a significant increase in Pan T cells (Leu4+) and helper T cells (Leu3+8-). Taken together, these results indicated that PPD induced proliferating lymphocytes belong predominantly to helper T cell subset. 3) The numbers of inducer T cells (Leu3+8+), suppressor T cells (Leu2+15+) and cytotoxic T cells (Leu2+15-) were not influenced by PPD-stimulation. 4) However, PPD induced a smaller, but significant proliferation of IL2-R+Leu2+ cells. 5) The number of B cells (Leu4-DR+) tended to increase slightly after PPD-stimulation.
We measured the computed tomography (CT) index, LL%w, in 81 patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. In this study we defined LL%w as the mean value of the proportion of the low density area under -950 Hounsfield units in the six lung fields: upper, middle and lower lung fields bilaterally, at deep expiration. In order to examine the usefulness of LL%w in differentiating pulmonary emphysema (PE) from bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic bronchitis (CB), we excluded the overlapped cases of each diseases. Mean value (+/- standard deviation) of LL%w in PE was 24.6 +/- 20.2% (n = 40), whereas it was 0.5 +/- 0.8% (n = 27) in BA and 0.2 +/- 0.3% (n = 14) in CB respectively. There were clear statistically differences in the values of LL%w between clinically diagnosed emphysema and others. In this quantitative study we considered that the value of LL%w within 1% would be observed nonspecifically, because the frequent existence of low density areas originated in bronchial tangents and/or motion artifacts mainly in the left lower lung field. Thus we judged that cases with over 1% of LL%w had abnormal CT findings. The relationship between clinically diagnosed emphysema and CT abnormality (LL%w greater than 1%) was significant in the analysis of the four-fold table; The CT sensitivity for diagnosing PE was 100%, the CT specificity was 87.8%, and CT accuracy was 93.8%. When cases of LL%w greater than 1% were shown in BA or CB, it would be better to consider the existence of complicated emphysema or the presence of air trapping or air spaces of any origin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
We studied tuberculin reactivity and clinical course after starting chemotherapy in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis divided by four age-groups less than 29, 30-49, 50-69 and 70 years and more. The skin test to tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) was examined in 178 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis, 120 cases of lung cancer, 25 cases of atypical mycobacteriosis and 466 cases of the other respiratory diseases. The average size of tuberculin reaction in pulmonary tuberculosis decreased with age, but significantly higher than that in patients with other nontuberculous pulmonary diseases of the same age-group. The size of PPD skin test in the group of 70 years and more was significantly lower than other age-groups in pulmonary tuberculosis. We compared the time required for negative conversion of sputum by culture after primary chemotherapy among the different age-groups in pulmonary tuberculosis. It revealed that the time for negative conversion tended to be longer with age, and the time in the group 70 years and more was significantly longer than that of the group less than 29 years of age, although no significant differences in the radiographic severity and conditions of chemotherapy were observed. Finally, the PPD-induced lymphocyte proliferation test in vitro was done in newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patients were divided into two groups by the size of PPD skin test (high responder more than 16 mm and low responder less than 15 mm of erythema induced by PPD).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In 8 cases of advanced and/or relapsed gastric cancer (7 cases advanced, 1 case relapsed), we undertook combination chemotherapy with systemic administration of cisplatin and celiac arterial infusion of carboquone intermittently under continuous administration of OK-432 i.m. and UFT p.o. The male to female ratio was 5 to 3 and the age distribution from 53 to 77 years (mean age, 70 years.) Eight cases were divided into the following histological types: 1 papillary adenocarcinoma, 1 well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, 3 moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas, and 3 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Complete response (CR) was obtained in one case, partial response (PR) in four cases, minor response (MR) in two cases, and no change (NC) in one case. The response rate was 62.5%. CR was noted in a relapsed case. The median survival time from the beginning of the chemotherapy was 8 months (ranging from 6 to 13 months). The major toxicity was bone marrow suppression, but there were no cases of serious renal damage.
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Sultamicillin (SBTPC) fine granules were given to 15 patients with respiratory tract infections at a dose of 375 mg 3 times a day. The results were excellent in 4 patients, good in 8, fair in 1 and poor in 2 with an efficacy rate of 80% which is comparable to that of SBTPC tablet (Unasyn tablet). One patient complained of difficulty in swallowing the drug probably due to its fine granular nature. No side effects nor abnormal laboratory test values due to this drug were observed in any of the patients enrolled in this study. From the above results, SBTPC fine granules seem to be useful in the treatment of pediatric and elderly patients who sometimes have difficulties in taking tablets.
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Radionuclide imaging in a patient who had acute renal failure with severe loin pain and patchy renal vasoconstriction is described. The patient was studied 3h after the intravenous bolus injection of 25 mCi99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP). An intense patchy renal concentration of 99mTc-MDP was observed.
Chemotherapy and administration of OK-432 were performed concomitantly in 49 cases of inoperable primary lung cancer, and the Su-PS skin reaction was measured. In the group of patients under 60 years of age, the maximum diameter of the reaction after chemotherapy tended to be large, and evaluation of the results showed that the maximum diameter tended to be large in the group showing tumor contraction effects. In a comparison of the prognosis between the group which survived for less than 6 months and that which survived for 6 months or longer, there was no significant difference between them before administration of OK-432, but when the maximum reaction diameter after chemotherapy was compared, that in the group which survived for 6 months or longer was significantly stronger (p less than 0.05). The Su-PS skin reaction at the time of administration of OK-432 is therefore considered to be a useful immunological parameter for predicting the results of treatment and also for prognosis.
Clinical evaluation of forphenicinol, a low molecular weight immunomodulator, in patients with Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare complex pulmonary infections has been conducted in a multicenter trial participated by 9 institutions in Kyushu during a period of 12 months from July 1982 to August 1983. Forphenicinol was administered for 6 months without changing the regimen of antituberculous drugs used previously. The following results were obtained. 1. Ten out of 33 eligible patients were evaluated as showing good responses; In 5 of them, elimination of M. avium, M. intracellulare complex from sputum was observed. In the other 5 patients, number of bacilli excreted was decreased significantly after treatment. 2. All of the cases with good responses were those which were simultaneously administered with antituberculous drugs. 3. Patients with thick-walled cavities, following cured tuberculosis, which was superimposed with M. avium, M. intracellulare complex, were poorly responded to forphenicinol. 4. Side effects were observed in 3 out of 41 patients; 1 case each with fever, abdominal distension and anorexia. No abnormalities in laboratory test values were observed.
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We treated pneumonia due to anaerobic bacteria, Mycoplasma pneumonia, and other type of pneumonia with clindamycin-2-phosphate (CLDM-P) and studied the distribution of the drug into pleural effusion. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. CLDM-P showed excellent effects in all the treated cases of pneumonia due to anaerobic bacteria and Mycoplasma pneumonia. But the success rate was 50% in cases of other type of pneumonia. We suggest that the drug must be used in due consideration of the types of causative bacteria. 2. Five cases which had developed pleural effusions were treated with intravenous drip of CLDM-P 1,200 mg in 200 ml electrolytic solution to see the distribution into pleural effusions. The results showed that the distribution ratio was 9.0% on the average. Peak levels were 1.86-6.07 micrograms/ml and the concentration was as high as 1.28 micrograms/ml on the average 24 hours after administration.
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A patient with relapsed primary pulmonary carcinoma (T2N0M0 Stage II adenocarcinoma) showing contralateral metastasis after 4 postoperative years was given Carboquone (CQ), Cisplatin (CDDP) and OK-432, and positive therapeutic results were obtained. However, aggravation ensued and so UFT was given in combination with the above chemotherapy, resulting in repeatedly good results. The details of this case of relapsed pulmonary carcinoma, which was resistant to chemotherapy but showed positive therapeutic results with combined use of UFT, are reported.