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Biomedical subjects

A Shinoda

Publications and source records attributed to A Shinoda.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Recovery of lordotic activity by dorsal deafferentation of the preoptic area in male and androgenized female rats.

Lordotic activity was examined in male and neonatally androgenized female rats following dorsal deafferentation of the preoptic area (POA). Female pups were injected with various doses (100, 250, 500, or 1000 micrograms) of testosterone propionate (TP) on day 3 postpartum. Ten weeks after birth, all animals were castrated, then half of the castrated males and females in each group were subjected to dorsal deafferentation of the POA (anterior roof deafferentation: ARD) by using an L-shaped Halász knife in order to transect the dorsal forebrain efferents which are thought to exert an inhibitory influence on the lordosis mediating mechanism. Animals were implanted subcutaneously with Silastic tubes containing estradiol-17 beta (E2). Observations of lordosis behavior were carried out 5, 10, and 15 days after implantation of E2. Three to six hours before each behavioral test, all rats were injected with 0.5 mg progesterone. Regardless of the dose of TP given neonatally, androgenized females, as well as males, showed low levels of lordotic behavior. In contrast, males with ARD and androgenized females with ARD displayed lordosis more frequently than males without ARD, and androgenized females without ARD. Lordotic activity in the androgenized females with ARD was negatively correlated with the dose of TP given neonatally. The ARD females injected with a large dose (1000 micrograms) of TP neonatally were significantly less receptive than those injected with lower doses of TP and ARD males. These results suggest that a large dose of neonatal TP may cause permanent changes in not only the neural substrates for lordosis inhibition affected by ARD but also other structures involved in lordosis facilitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a sustained release preparation containing phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride.

The relationship between dissolution behaviour and plasma concentration after administration of a sustained-release preparation containing phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride was studied in 11 male volunteers. The testing for dissolution was carried out using the JP X rotating basket procedure, and human plasma samples were assayed for phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride by a specific high-performance liquid chromatography. Three hours after dosing, the mean peak plasma concentration was 104.1 ng/ml and the plasma concentration declined with a half-life of 4.85 h. The time course of plasma and dissolution data were analyzed by a non-linear least squares curve fitting method to compare in vivo and in vitro release behaviour. Plasma concentration changes of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride were correlated with in vitro release behaviour of the sustained-release preparation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Combination therapy of high-dose carboquone and OK-432 in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer].

A combination of OK-432 and high-dose Carboquone (12-22 mg/m2) was administered to 17 patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. The response rate was 42.9% (CR-1, PR-5) among 14 patients in whom measurement of tumor diameter was possible. With regard to hematologic adverse effects, 13 patients had a WBC count of less than 3,000, and 6 patients had a platelet count of less than 50,000. Duration of WBC nadir was not longer than 3 days, and there were no cases of infectious complication or bleeding tendency. Other side effects were all transient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[A case of relapsed gastric cancer treated successfully by chemotherapy--lung metastasis and relapsed cancer in the hepatic portal system].

A case of relapsed gastric cancer postoperatively presenting obstructive jaundice due to metastases in the hepatic portal and periaortic lymph nodes and multiple lung metastases was given OK-432 continuously i.m. and UFT p.o., and then generally given cisplatin and massive doses of carboquone i.a. intermittently into the peritoneal cavity. The chemotherapy led to complete remission of the obstructive jaundice and disappearance of the metastases in the lungs and lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of cefoperazone in lower respiratory tract infections].

Clinical evaluation and kinetics in serum of cefoperazone (CPZ) in patients with lower respiratory tract infections have been conducted as a multicenter trial participated by 20 institutions in Kyushu area during a period of 8 months from October 1984 to May 1985. Mean serum CPZ levels up to 4 hours following the end of intravenous infusion of either 1 or 2 g CPZ remained higher than the MIC80 of CPZ against major causative organisms of lower respiratory tract infections such as H. influenzae, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and S. pneumoniae. Serum half-lives of CPZ following intravenous infusion were prolonged in the elderly and in patients who showed moderate liver or kidney dysfunction, but did not exceed twofold of normal value. Clinical efficacy rates of CPZ were 82.9% (34/41) against pneumonia, 80% (4/5) against lung abscess, 88.9% (32/36) against acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 66.7% (2/3) against panbronchiolitis, 100% (1/1) against acute bronchitis, and 85.7% (12/14), 64.3% (9/14) and 70.0% (7/10) against infections concurrent to chronic respiratory diseases, pulmonary emphysema and bronchiectasis, respectively. The overall efficacy rate was 81.5% (101/124). Bacteriological eradication rates against P. aeruginosa, H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae were 60% (6/10), 88.9% (8/9) and 100% (3/3), respectively. The overall eradication rate including polymicrobial infection was 67.5% (27/40). The clinical efficacy rate of CPZ in patients with underlying diseases such as lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis, and pneumoconiosis, etc. was not significantly different from the efficacy rate in patients without these underlying diseases. Of 20 patients who failed to respond to previous antibiotic treatments, 13 were effectively treated by CPZ. Adverse reactions occurred in 6.7% (11/164) of the patients, and consisted primarily of rash, fever, diarrhea and loose stool. Laboratory abnormalities were seen in 5 patients during the study. These included elevations of S-GOT and S-GPT, eosinophilia and neutropenia. CPZ is a very useful drug in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections because of its excellent clinical efficacy and rare incidence of abnormal accumulations in sera following the recommended 2-4 g/day administration even in the elderly.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Persistent wedge-shaped contrast enhancement of the kidney.

A case with a single wedge-shaped high-density area of the kidney that persists after urography was observed by CT scan. This might be an aberrant form of acute renal failure with multiple wedge-shaped contrast enhancement.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1985

Sex differences in acquired cystic disease of the kidney on long-term dialysis.

Acquired cystic disease of the kidney in chronic glomerulonephritic patients who had been on hemodialysis more than 3 years (4.5 +/- 1.2 years at the base line examination), were followed for 3.6 +/- 0.5 years (at the follow-up examination) by computed tomography (CT scan). The renal volume in the 25 male patients was significantly greater at the follow-up examination than at the base line examination. On the other hand, the renal volume in the 12 female patients was similar on both examinations. The enlargement of kidney volume more than twofold during the follow-up was seen in 9 of 25 male and none of 12 female patients. The grade of cystic transformation was increased in male patients during the follow-up period. These results indicate that sex-related endogenous substances might play a role in the pathogenesis of acquired cystic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Changes of the hepatic CT absorption value in hemodialysis patients.

The effect of hemodialysis on the CT absorption value of the liver was examined in 14 hemodialysis patients. In the high ultrafiltration group [10 patients with a weight loss of -1.7 to -3.5 (2.9 +/- 0.6) kg], the hepatic CT absorption value increased from 49.6 +/- 7.0 to 58.7 +/- 8.7 Hounsfield units (p less than 0.001) during hemodialysis. The increase in hepatic CT absorption value during dialysis correlated with the weight loss (p less than 0.001, r = 0.798). A 5.3% body weight loss by ultrafiltration resulted in an 18.5% increase in the CT absorption value of the liver. This study suggests that one should be careful in making an early diagnosis of hepatic disease, especially hemosiderosis, in hemodialysis patients based on the hepatic CT absorption value because it is affected by hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

'Decubitus' of renal graft on psoas muscle. Local changes of cortical thickness and function in the graft.

Using computerized tomography (CT scan), it was demonstrated that the renal cortex of the graft was thinner in the contact area with the psoas muscle than in the rest of the kidney and that its function in the local area appeared somewhat decreased. These findings might be related to the importance of the perirenal fat in shielding the kidney from mechanical pressure.

Adipose Tissue↗