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Biomedical subjects

A Okada

Publications and source records attributed to A Okada.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Liquid-chromatographic determination of guanidino compounds in plasma and erythrocyte of normal persons and uremic patients.

We describe a method for determination of guanidino compounds in plasma and erythrocytes. The compounds are separated by liquid chromatography, the concentrations in the effluent being estimated fluorometrically (Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 24: 61, 1978). Guanidinoacetic acid, guanidinosuccinic acid, guanidinobutyric acid, guanidine, methylguanidine, taurocyamine, and arginine can be detected and quantitated in both plasma and erythrocytes from healthy individuals. The method was also applied to patients in chronic renal failure. Guanidinosuccinic acid, creatinine, guanidine, and methylguanidine are substantially increased in the plasma and erythrocytes of the uremic patient. Guanidino compounds can be effectively extracted from plasma with 0.5 volume of 300 g/L trichloroacetic acid, from erythrocytes with five volumes of 120 g/L trichloroacetic acid.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1980

Hypoglycemia in a child with hepatoblastoma.

A five-year-old boy with hepatoblastoma, who showed a severe hypoglycemia as an initial symptom, was studied. After resection of tumors, hypoglycemia disappeared and did not recur despite recurrence of tumor. A high concentration of insulin-like activity (ILA) was found in preoperative serum and in the tumor extract. Hypoglycemia in this patient seemed to depend mainly on ILA and in part on liver enzyme activities related to carbohydrate metabolism.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1980

The prospects for amino acid infusion.

Amino acid preparations for intravenous infusion are indispensable materials in parenteral nutrition. We have surveyed the progress and problems related to such preparations. In recent years, the necessity of various amino acid preparations suitable for different morbid state and/or ages has been the subject of much interest. In practice, several new amino acid preparations for specific uses have been proposed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Effects of dietary amino acids on brain amino acids and transmitter amines in rats with a portacaval shunt.

The etiologic relationship between disturbances in metabolism of amino acids and amines and hepatic coma was investigated by examining the effects of diets containing various mixtures of amino acids on brain amine metabolism in rats with a portacaval shunt, using a method for simultaneous analysis of amino acids and amines. Rats with a portacaval shunt were fed on four different amino acid compositions with increased amounts of various amino acids suspected to be etiologically related to hepatic coma, such as methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. The animals were killed 4 weeks after operation. During the experimental period, these animals did not become comatose, but exhibited various behavioral abnormalities. Marked increase in the plasma and brain levels of the augmented amino acids, especially methionine and tyrosine, were observed in rats with a portacaval shunt. Brain noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin levels were significantly decreased when the brain tyrosine level was increased. These results indicate that in rats with a portacaval shunt the dietary levels of amino acids greatly influence the brain levels of both amino acids and transmitter amines.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

Watery diarrhoea with a vasoactive intestinal peptide-producing ganglioneuroblastoma.

An 8-month-old boy with persistent watery diarrhoea and failure to thrive developed abdominal distension, hypokalaemia, and flushing of the face and trunk. A high concentration of vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity was found in the serum. Soon after resection of a suprarenal mass, the serum level of vasoactive intestinal peptide became normal and the diarrhoea stopped. Histologically the tumour was a ganglioneuroblastoma: the cells showed fluorescence by the indirect immunofluorescence technique with anti-vasoactive intestinal peptide serum. Electron microscopical examination showed abundant secretory granules in the tumour cells. Reports of chronic watery diarrhoea in children due to neural crest tumours are reviewed, with particular respect to the clinical features of the syndrome.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Cephalometric evaluation of surgical orthodontic treatment for the correction of anterior cross-bites.

Severe skeletal Class III malocclusion cases were treated by surgical orthodontic techniques. Surgical operations included alveolar osteotomy, horizontal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus, osteotomy of the mandibular body, and sagittal-split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus, according to the type of malocclusion. Comparisons between lateral cephalograms made before and after operation at the prognosis examination were made for the four surgical procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Thiamin and pyridoxine requirements during intravenous hyperalimentation.

Studies were undertaken to determine rational dosages of vitamin B1 and B6 during long-term intravenous hyperalimentation, using more sensitive techniques than formerly used to evaluate B1 and B6 status. A standard vitamin combination, type A, (usually commercially available products) has been used up to now because of convenience, disregarding the effects of long-term administration. This combination lacks biotin, folic acid, and vitamin E and contains from 10 to 100 times the dietary allowances of such vitamins as B1, B2, B6, B12, and C. In response to the possibility of vitamin overdose, two new vitamin combinations, type B (from commercial products) and type C (a convenient and easily administered combination produced at the hospital) were developed in order to provide the normal dietary allowances and at the same time eliminate any harmful side-effects. From the results obtained, 5 mg/day for thiamin HCl and 3 mg/day for pyridoxine HCl in type B and type C were found to be a sufficient and safe level as opposed to 55 mg/day for thiamin HCl and 102 mg/day for pyridoxine HCl in type A.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Urinary excretion of amino acids in patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation.

Urinary outputs of amino acids in nine patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation were estimated for evaluating adequacy of dosage and composition of the infusage for the maintenance of normal metabolism of tissue proteins in the subjects. The daily outputs of the methylated amino acids (3-methylhistidine, epsilon-N-methylated lysines and guanidino-N-methylated arginines), which are thought to be derived from tissue proteins, remained in the normal ranges, suggesting that the normal metabolism of tissue proteins was sustained during intravenous hyperalimentation. Relatively large urinary excretion of threonine, serine and glycine might reflect the large dosage of glucose in the infusate and disuse of these amino acids during the treatment, especially in the patients with hepatic dysfunction. Diurnal rhythms in urinary outputs of amino acids in patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation were not observed, except for the outputs of threonine, serine and glycine, which were large during the 3.00-9.00 h and 15.00-21.00 h periods. The absence of daily fluctuations of the methylated amino acids in urine suggested that there were no diurnal rhythms in the metabolism of tissue proteins in the subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Postbulbar duodenal ulcer occurring in a patient of diabetic coma.

Duodenal ulcer beyond the bulb occurred in a diabetic patient when he was in ketoacidotic coma causing serious anemia. Early investigation of the stomach and duodenum by endoscope was quite valuable for evaluating this bleeding complication and the healing process of the lesion was serially recorded. Since several cases of diabetic coma have been reported to die from gastrointestinal bleeding, this report presents the important aspect in the management of diabetic coma, and usefulness of emergency endoscope.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A plant indicator of air pollution and human health in Japanese rural communities.

An investigation of the effects of air pollution on vegetation and human health was conducted in a low-degree air-polluted Japanese rural area. The validity of the criteria, which were expressed as Bi-band ratios (R/B, R/G) in leaves of Japanese cedars based on infrared air photography, has been proved worthwhile for estimating the injury to the cedars. The degree of injury to the cedars by field survey showed a significant positive correlation with the concentration of sulfur oxide in the air for the last 3 years. The quantity of water-soluble sulfur in leaves of the cedar was less in the leaves of the less-injured cedars. In school children with positive skin reactions in the area, "subacute cough" (la and/or 3a by BMRC) and "phlegm" (6a and/or 8a by BMRC) had a significant positive correlation with the degree of injury to the cedars.

Air Pollution↗