Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Okada

Publications and source records attributed to A Okada.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion after caudal resection of the pancreas in children.

Plasma levels of glucose and insulin were measured during the oral glucose tolerance test (2.0 g/kg, for 180 min) in six children who had undergone caudal pancreatectomy for pancreatic trauma or non-functioning tumors. Fasting plasma levels of glucose and insulin were the same in these patients and in ten children with an intact pancreas. After glucose ingestion, hyperglycemia was apparent throughout the test in patients in whom one third of the entire pancreas had been left intact, but not in patients in whom over a half of the whole pancreas had been preserved. Plasma levels of insulin in these patients, however, were not significantly different from those of the controls. It is suggested that factors other than the response of plasma radioimmunoassayable insulin contribute to the production of glucose intolerance in cases of extensive pediatric pancreatectomy.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1982

An epidemiological study on total and specific IgE levels in Japanese schoolchildren.

Total serum IgE, and specific serum IgE against mites, Ascaris and Japanese cedar pollen were surveyed in 251 schoolchildren by a radioimmunoassay method. These children, aged from 10 to 13 years and living in a rural Japanese town, were selected according to one-third random population sample. A high concentration of total serum IgE (700 u/ml or more) was found in thirty-one children (12 X 3%). The sex ratio of these children, boys to girls, was 2 X 1:1. The cross-sectional and 6-year follow-up study of total IgE levels showed that they decreased with advancing age. Total IgE levels were significantly related to each of three specific IgE species investigated in this study. The levels of these three specific IgE's were also significantly related to each other. Schoolchildren with high specific IgE levels against mites have had significantly more asthmatic histories compared to children with low specific IgE levels. Such a relationship was not observed for total IgE levels and another two specific IgE species.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of neothramycin in animals and man.

The pharmacokinetics of neothramycin (NTM) was performed in mice, rabbits and man. Biological half-life of NTM in man after a 20 mg bolus injection produced an alpha phase half-life of 3.63 minutes, a beta phase half-life of 84.5 minutes and a volume of distribution at a steady state of 50.3 liters/body. Its human half-life was longer than those of adriamycin, mitomycin C and neocarzinostatin, and a little shorter than that of bleomycin. In mice and rabbits, NTM was well distributed in the kidney, urinary bladder, squamous tissues, lung, spleen and gastrointestinal tract and it was rapidly excreted in urine and bile. It was partially absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Concentrations of NTM in ascites and pleural fluids in man were also reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder: complete remission induced by vinblastine, cis-platinum, and bleomycin].

Combination therapy consisting of vincristine, actinomycin-D, and cyclophosphamide with or without adriamycin is the most common chemotherapy for rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood. But the effective chemotherapy for rhabdomyosarcoma resistant to these four drugs has not been established. We report a case with rhabdomyosarcoma, which was resistant to these four drugs but responded completely to three drug combination chemotherapy consisting of vinblastine, cis-platinum, and bleomycin (VPB therapy). A 11-months-old boy was referred to us because of giant abdominal tumor. Postoperative diagnosis was Group III embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder. Partial resection was followed by vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin, but his residual tumor was growing. Then VPB therapy was administered and the first course of the chemotherapy reduced the size of tumor. After three courses of VPB therapy the second-look operation was performed. At operation no residual tumor was found and a complete remission was confirmed. During the course of VPB therapy no severe adverse effect was detectable.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1982

[Maturation therapy for advanced neuroblastoma-therapeutic effects and problems].

Seven children with advanced neuroblastoma were treated with maturation therapy. This therapy consisted of 12 hours drip infusion of papaverine (40-45 mg/kg/day) for 2 days with or without high dose cyclophosphamide (2,000-3,600 mg/m2). During maturation therapy all patients received intravenous hyperalimentation. One patient who had received papaverine alone did not respond to the therapy. Among 6 patients treated with papaverine and high dose cyclophosphamide, 3 responded to the therapy, 2 did not and one died soon after the therapy. However, similar responses were obtained in 2 of 3 responders with high dose cyclophosphamide alone. After all, papaverine infusion was evaluated to be effective only in one patient. The clinically severe complications of papaverine infusion were somnolence in all patients and extrapyramidal symptoms in 6 patients. Because of these extremely high toxicity rates with little evidence of therapeutic effect, selection for this therapy should be carefully done and the treatment plan should be reconsidered.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Combined effect of intravenous hyperalimentation and chemotherapy on experimental meningioma].

Combination effects of intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) and chemotherapy were studied in rats with meningeal carcinomatosis. Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated intracisternally with 1 X 10(4) Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells. Animals were divided into five groups of 10 to 12 animals per group: 1) no treatment; 2) cyclophosphamide 30 mg/kg i.v. at 5 days after tumor inoculation (Day 5); 3) IVH (Day 5 to Day 10); 4) cyclophosphamide (Day 5) and IVH (Day 5 to Day 10); and 5) cyclophosphamide (Day 5) and IVH (Day 10 to Day 15). The group of IVH alone reduced survival time significantly (p less than 0.001) compared with no treatment group. Cyclophosphamide alone increased survival time significantly (p less than 0.001) in comparison with no treatment group. Combination of cyclophosphamide (Day 5) and IVH (Day 5 to Day 10) did not prolong survival time compared with cyclophosphamide alone. However, IVH (Day 10 to 15) in combination with cyclophosphamide (Day 5) prolonged survival time significantly (p less than 0.001) in comparison with cyclophosphamide alone. Mean body weight was reduced maximally at 5 to 10 days after cyclophosphamide injection. However, no reduction of body weight was noted while animals were on IVH. The present data appears to indicate that IVH may reduce the side effects of cyclophosphamide and may prolong the survival time.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Intrapleural therapy of malignant pleurisy in patients with neuroblastoma.

Three children with advanced neuroblastoma developed pleural effusion in the course of their disease. This unusual complication was successfully treated with intrapleural administration of a nonspecific "immunostimulatory" agent; cell wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra (N-cws). The side effects of this procedure were mild and well tolerated even in infants in spite of their terminal stage. Intrapleural therapy in this study seemed to be useful for the treatment of pediatric malignant pleurisy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1981

Factors affecting the perception of low-level vibration.

The level at which vibration becomes a nuisance is low, well below the vibration intensity discussed with regard to the health of industrial workers in the International Standard ISO-2631 draft. The relationships between the various factors and the human response to low-level vibration generated by vehicular traffic, are discussed from the results obtained from questionnaires. A female may respond to a lower level than male. There is no difference in response to low-level vibration between standing and sitting postures. Accompanying noise distracts the perception of low-level vibration, however at high levels, the effect of distraction is reduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

"Common channel syndrome"--anomalous junction of the pancreatico-biliary ductal system.

A 7-year-old girl with a 3-year history of intermittent bouts of abdominal pain and jaundice underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, which revealed an anomalous junction of the pancreatico-biliary ductal system (bile duct dilatation being virtually non-existent). These abdominal symptoms being considered to be attributable to the anomaly, resection of choledochus followed by hepatico-duodenostomy was performed. Now, one and a half years after operation, the patient is entirely asymptomatic. The legitimacy of "common channel syndrome" as an independent pathologic entity was proposed and the necessity of surgical treatment in its successful management was stressed.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Choriocarcinoma in infant and mother.

A 2-month-old female baby was noticed to have liver tumor. A hemangioma of the right lobe was suspected from the findings by celiac angiography. Histologic findings of the surgically resected material revealed choriocarcinoma of the liver. At autopsy, multiple metastatic nodules were found in the lungs, but remnant liver, ovaries, uterus, mediastinum, and sacrococcygeal region were free of tumor. The ovary had several thecalutein cysts, and the endometrium of the uterus showed pseudodecidual change of the stroma. The mother died two months later. Although histologic materials were not available, the clinical findings including a high value of serum HCG seemed to show that she had been affected by choriocarcinoma. The most probable origin of the choriocarcinoma in the infant from the mother is discussed.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1981

Dose- and age-dependent effects of clomiphene citrate administered to prepubertal female rats on development of anovulatory sterility and pyosalpinx.

The influences of dose of clomiphene and age at clomiphene treatment in prepubertal female rats on development of anovulatory sterility and pyosalpinx were investigated. By varying the amount of clomiphene administered, it was found that 50 micrograms is the minimal dose of clomiphene which will produce anovulatory sterility and pyosalpinx in a majority of female rats treated at 5 days of age. By varying the age of rats at clomiphene treatment, it was observed that the period of clomiphene sensitivity in female rats is within the first 10 days of life, in which administration of 500 micrograms clomiphene will result in subsequent anovulatory sterility and pyosalpinx. These results demonstrate that the induction of anovulatory sterility and pyosalpinx is dependent upon the dose of clomiphene and the age of rats at clomiphene injection.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on the biological effects of low level lead exposures. Part 1. Estimation of usefulness of some biochemical tests as parameters for occupational lead exposures (author's transl)].

Male painters of ceramic works were examined for parameters of biochemical lead poisoning such as erythrocyte ALAD, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP), and coproporphyrin (CP) in urine as well as parameters of lead absorption such as lead concentration in blood and urine (PbB & PbU) in order to estimate the usefulness of those biochemical tests for occupational lead exposures. Under the lead exposure level of these painters (PbB 5-50 microgram/l), log ALAD and log FEP showed good linear correlations with PbB, while ALAU and CPU showed significant but lesser correlations with it. The log ALAD showed a good linear correlation with log PbU, log FEP, and ALAU fairly good ones, CPU a significant but lesser correlation with it. ALAD and FEP were equally the most sensitive tests for increasing PbB or PbU. ALAU was the next most sensitive test and CPU was the least sensitive. From the view point of sensitiveness and obvious meaning as a test for lead poisoning, FEP is the most desirable test for occupational lead exposures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on the biological effects of low level lead exposures. Part 2. Biochemical responses and subjective symptoms in female lead workers (author's transl)].

Females painters of ceramic works were examined for parameters of biochemical lead poisoning such as erythrocyte ALAD, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP), ALA and coproporphyrin (CP) in the urine as well as parameters of lead absorption such as lead concentration in the blood and urine (PbB and PbU). Results were compared with those of male painters. At the same time, subjective symptoms were questioned in both male and female painters. Under the lead exposure levels of these painters (PbB 5-50 microgram/dl, PbU 10-200 microgram/l), FEP alone, among the four biochemical tests for lead poisoning, showed a different behaviour between the male and female painters. Among female painters, significant higher incidence of the symptom of "tiredness" was recognized when the PbB level became more than 20 microgram/dl and significant higher incidence of the "history of abortion" was seen as the PbU level became more than 60 microgram/l. However, any relationship between subjective symptoms and PbB or PbU level was not recognized among male painters. These results suggest that female painters are more susceptible to lead exposure than male painters.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

High performance liquid chromatographic assay of neothramycin in biological fluids.

A high performance liquid chromatographic method for quantitative determination of neothramycin in plasma was developed. The procedure involves pretreatments for the removal of endogenous materials in plasma samples and separation on a reversed phase column. The antibiotic was monitored with a fluorescence detector and confirmed by a specific sulfite adduct shift of retention time. A linear response for serum samples containing neothramycin ranging from 50 to 500 ng/ml was obtained. The sensitivity of this method was sufficient to measure neothramycin in human plasma for 120 minutes after a 24 mg/m2 (body surface area) intravenous injection.

Benzodiazepinones↗