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Biomedical subjects

A Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to A Noguchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Genetic analysis of human lymphocyte proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: 2. Genetic polymorphism of lymphocyte cytosol 64K polypeptide.

We describe a genetic polymorphism of human lymphocyte cytosol major polypeptide with mol. wt. 64,000, detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes by high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Three different electrophoretic types (1-1, 2-1, 2-2) of the polypeptide have been identified. Family and population studies indicate that the three phenotypes of the polypeptide are determined by two common alleles at a single autosomal locus. The polypeptide occurs in the cytosol and is predominant in peripheral blood lymphocytes, B-lymphoblastoid cells, T-lymphoblastoid cells, lymph node, and spleen. The polypeptide has not been detected HeLa cells, fibroblasts, erythrocytes, serum, and cerebrum. Traces of the polypeptide exist in liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle. It is proposed that the polypeptide and its locus be temporarily designated lymphocyte cytosol 64K polypeptide (LC64K polypeptide) and LC64P, respectively. In a Japanese population, the gene frequencies of LC64P1 and LC64P2 were 0.936 and 0.064, respectively. The data suggest that LC64P is a new locus, product of which shows genetic polymorphism and is associated with the function and/or the structure of lymphocytes.

Alleles↗
PubMed1982

Volatile sulfur compounds responsible for an offensive odor of the flat-head, Calliurichthys doryssus.

1. The volatiles of a flat-head, Calliurichthys doryssus, which gives out a characteristic offensive odor in living time, were analyzed by gas chromatography. 2. A large quantity of volatile sulfur compounds was detected in the flat-head; of which methyl mercaptan and/or dimethyl disulfide were judged to be responsible for the offensive odor. 3. The contents of methyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide were much higher in skin than in muscle and viscera.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Developmental aspects of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors.

Clearly a number of hormonal, pathologic, and maturation factors alter alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors during development. Ontogenic changes in these receptors appear to be organ- and species-specific, occurring at distinct times during organ maturation. Developmental changes in adrenergic receptors are probably the result of a number of homologous and heterologous regulatory mechanisms. These are likely to include the effects of differentiation and aging themselves, and in fact some of the most dramatic changes in adrenergic receptor number and function occur during development. These changes are likely important to the adaptation of the developing infant and knowledge of their appearance, regulation, and function will be useful in predicting therapeutic or toxic effects of these treatments on the developing fetus and infant when exposed to adrenergic agonists or antagonists.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Surgical treatment for Graves' disease: a long term follow-up of 325 patients.

Postoperative thyroid status was classified into 6 categories on the basis of serum free thyroxine index (FTI), serum triiodothyronine (T-3) and serum TSH concentration. Review of 325 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for Graves' disease more than 4 years previously showed that 25 patients (7.7 per cent) had recurrent hyperthyroidism. Six patients (1.8 per cent) were classified as equivocal hyperthyroid since either FTI or T-3 was above the normal range. Two hundred and twenty-two patients (68.3 per cent) were unequivocally euthyroid and 33 patients (10.3 per cent) were euthyroid with elevated TSH levels. Twenty patients (6.2 per cent) were equivocal hypothyroid since either their FTI or T-3 values were below the normal range and TSH were increased. Hypothyroidism was present in 19 patients (5.8 per cent), of whom 11 had no clinical manifestation of thyroid dysfunction. The incidence of hypothyroidism did not correlate with the intervals between operation and review. The second review, performed in 189 patients 18 months after the first, showed that there was a change in thyroid functional status in 46 patients, of whom 32 had an increased level of function, including one hypothyroid and 7 equivocal hypothyroid patients who became euthyroid spontaneously. Thus postoperative hypothyroidism in some patients can recover without medication. Also thyroid function in some postoperative patients is not maintained at a fixed level but may fluctuate.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ontogeny of myocardial alpha 1-adrenergic receptor in the rat.

The alpha 1-adrenergic specific radioligand [3H]-prazosin and the beta-adrenergic radioligand (-)-[3H]-dihydroalprenolol [(-)-[3H]-DHA] were used to describe the postnatal ontogeny of alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptors in particulate fractions of rat ventricular myocardium. The number of [3H]-prazosin binding sites increased 4- to 5-fold during the first 15 days of age from 35 +/- 9 to 163 +/- 5 fmol . mg-1 protein (p less than 0.01), and thereafter decreased progressively with age, reaching 83 +/- 5 fmol . mg-1 protein in the adult myocardium. (-)-[3H]-DHA binding to the same tissue decreased progressively at 1 day of age from 61 +/- 6 in the newborn to 37 +/- 4 fmol . mg-1 protein in the adult (p less than 0.01). Affinities (KD) for [3H]-prazosin or (-)-[3H-DHA were approximately 0.13 and 1.8 nM, respectively, and did not change with advancing age. We conclude that the postnatal development of the alpha 1-adrenergic receptors is distinct from that of the beta-adrenergic receptor in the rat ventricular myocardium. Possible explanations for this difference are discussed in relation to cardiac sympathetic innervation and cardiac growth.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Beta-Adrenergic receptors and catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase of the human placenta.

Beta-Adrnergic receptor and beta-adrenergic sensitive adenylate cyclase were demonstrated in membrane fractions of human placenta. Placental membranes from normal term pregnancies bound the beta-adrenergic antagonist (-)[3H]dihydroalprenolol to a single saturable class of sites (Kd = 2.31 +/- 0.23 nM; n = 9; maximal capacity, 112 +/- 9 fmol/mg). Competition for binding was stereoselective for (-)isomers of propranolol, and beta-adrenergic agonists displayed competition for the placental receptor in the order (-)isoproterenol greater than (-)epinephrine greater than (-)norepinephrine, typical of a beta 2 type receptor. Beta-Adrenergic receptor was present in placental tissue as early as 10 weeks gestational age, and binding capacity decreased slightly with advancing gestation. [3H]Dihydroalprenolol binding was coupled to epinephrine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity throughout gestation. The subcellular distribution of both beta-adrenergic receptors and epinephrine-stimulated adenylate cyclase suggest their localization primarily in nonbrush border membrane fractions, presumably from plasma membranes more closely related to the fetal rather than to the maternal circulation. Epinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase was not present in purified brush border preparations which were directly exposed to maternal blood in the intervillous space.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1980

Umbilical serum DHAS and total oestriol in relation to gestational age and mode of delivery.

The concentrations of mixed umbilical cord serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS) and total oestriol, were determined by radioimmunoassay in 301 infants. Of 280 infants born between 36 and 42 weeks of gestation, 260 were born by vaginal delivery and 20 were delivered by Caesarean (C-section). We found that there was a significant elevation of serum total oestriol (P < 0.005) after 35 weeks with no concomitant gestational change of DHAS. Within the vaginal delivery group steroid values were similar among infants born following spontaneous, oxytocin augmented, and oxytocin induced labour. Within the C-section delivery group, steroid values were similar in infants who experienced spontaneous labour and those who did not. However, DHAS level was significant higher (P < 0.005) in the vaginal delivery group than in the C-section group. We postulate that the higher DHAS levels in the vaginal delivery group are the result of stress during the late first stage of labour or later.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1980

Factors affecting the prognosis of patients with carcinoma of the thyroid.

Of 763 patients with carcinoma of the thyroid who had undergone a primary operation between 1948 and 1970, 705 were observed for more than five years. Included were 545 patients with papillary carcinoma. 123 with follicular carcinoma, 59 with microcancer, 30 with undifferentiated carcinoma and six with medullary carcinoma. The relative survival rate for patients with pure undifferentiated carcinoma one year after operation was 27 per cent and that for those with mixed undifferentiated carcinoma was 24 per cent. For patients with differentiated carcinomas, the most important factors affecting the prognosis were age and sex. The 15 year survival rates for women less than 40 years of age with papillary or follicular carcinoma were 102 and 100 per cent, respectively, while for women more than 40 years with papillary or follicular carcinoma, they were 90 and 84 per cent, respectively. For men more than 40 years of age with papillary carcinoma, the relative survival rate was 67 per cent. The size of the tumor and the types of operation did not affect the prognosis in patients less than 40 years. The presence of chronic thyroiditis also had no effect upon the prognosis. The relative survival rate with tumors up to 99 grams in weight, after 20 years, was almost 100 per cent in women less than 40 years of age, while for women more than 40 years of age the survival rates were 95 per cent with tumors weighing less than 20 grams and 72 per cent with those weighing 20 to 99 grams, an indication that tumor size may affect prognosis in older patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗