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Biomedical subjects

A Munakata

Publications and source records attributed to A Munakata.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Experience of oral hormone-chemotherapy in prostatic cancer].

Two oral anticancer agents, cyclophosphamide and UFT (mixture of futraful and uracil), were combined with hormone therapy for 42 patients with prostatic cancer. Although UFT could be taken for long periods, cyclophosphamide arose many problems such as the bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal disturbances. The median length of the days they could take cyclophosphamide was sixty days. The survival rate of patients who were newly diagnosed and treated with this regimen was better than patients received hormone therapy only, and it suggests the possibility of the combined chemotherapy to inhibit the progression frequently observed after conventional hormone therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Intraluminal esophageal diverticulum.

An intraluminal esophageal diverticulum (IED) is an uncommon entity defined as a double-layered mucosal pouch lying within the lumen of the esophagus. Its characteristic radiological finding is an intraluminal barium collection surrounded by a radiolucent halo. True IED, which is different from a transient radiological artifact, has not been previously reported in the international literature. This article describes the first case of true IED. Differential diagnosis between a true lesion and a transient flow artifact on barium meal is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Extraintestinal cancers in Crohn's disease.

We have observed 4 cases of extraintestinal cancer complicating Crohn's disease (CD). They included renal cancer, urinary bladder cancer, ovarian cancer and myeloma. A review of the literature showed a considerable number of reports of extraintestinal cancer complicating CD with a total of 75 further cases. The significance of those and our cases is discussed. The possibility of extraintestinal cancer must be kept in mind following patients with CD. Our report suggests there may be a nonnegligible risk of extraintestinal cancer, particularly genitourinary tumor, in CD. The causal relationship, if any, remains undetermined.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Histopathological analysis of incidental prostatic carcinoma by step section technique].

In 244 cases treated by subcapsular prostatectomy during the period from April 1975 to December 1985, whole tissue specimens were prepared by a step section technique to examine them histopathologically in accordance with the handling agreement for prostatic cancer presented by the Urologic Society of Japan. The degree of differentiation, clinical stage of the disease, the size of the lesion and the distance to the margin were determined. Incidental carcinoma was found in 35 cases (14.3%), which increased with age. There were 21 cases of stage A1 and 14 cases of A2. Diffuse proliferation was found in 4 cases. Isolated carcinomatous focus was observed in 40 sites, and well, moderately, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in 33, 3 and 4 sites respectively. The maximum diameter of cancer was below 5 mm in 80%, while the distance from the center of the carcinomatous focus to the surgical margin was within 3.5 mm in 905. Seven cases had plural lesions. These lines of evidence mentioned above may support carcinogenesis from the subcapsular region as well as multicentric origin of cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Stone burden on extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy].

Based on the 89 stones treated by ESWL therapy alone, the factors which influence the number of ESWL shots were analyzed. Stone volume was calculated by summing up the value "length x short axis" for each stone. The value correlated well with the number of shots needed to disintegrate the stone (p less than 0.01). The stones below the pelvis-ureteral junction needed twice shots compared with stones in the pelvis and calyces (80.3: 40.2, p less than 0.005). Stones formed by a single component of cystine or calcium oxalate were hard to be disintegrated (53.2: 31.6, compared with other complex stones). The radiological figure could not predict the fragility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Factors of gastric lesions following after transcatheter arterial embolization for primary hepatoma].

To clarify the influence of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE) on the stomach, endoscopic examination was carried out before and after TAE. Forty-six TAE were performed in 27 patients with primary hepatoma. New gastric lesions, erosions and ulcers, were developed in 25 of 46 TAE. There was no significant relationship between the incidence of the lesions in the cases with esophageal varices (15/24) and the cases without (10/22) and there was no significant relationship between the incidence of the lesions after the first TAE (12/22) and after the second TAE (5/14). Period between the first and the second TAE had no statistical influence on the lesions after the second TAE. Hepatic functions (Child's classification; Rmax, K, R15 of ICG; serum total protein; serum albumin; total bilirubin; prothrombin time; hepaplastin test) before TAE were not statistically related to the appearance of the gastric lesions following TAE (Table 1). On the other hand, the cases which showed apparent effects of TAE including 0.2 time decrease of AFP had the more gastric lesions (P less than 0.05) (Table 2). The cases with upper abdominal pain after TAE had more gastric lesions (24/38) than the cases without (2/8) (P less than 0.05). But the cases undergone TAE with high possibility of the influx of gelatin sponge pieces, lipiodol or anticancer agents into the supplying vessels for the stomach did not exhibit significant incidence of the lesions (Table 3). Thus, when TAE is followed by a 0.2 time decrease in AFP, it is necessary to pay more attention to the gastric lesions. The prophylactic administration of H2 antagonist before or just after TAE did not seem useful to prevent the gastric lesions. These findings suggest that the influx of gelatin sponge pieces, lipiodol or anticancer agents to the stomach does not always cause gastric ulcer or erosion.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Electrophysiological properties of fast- and slow-adapting units and their generator potentials of the frog tongue].

The purpose of this study was to determine the stimulus response properties of fast and slow adapting units in the fungiform papillae of the frog tongue. Secondly, fast- and slow- adapting generator potentials were recorded from fast and slow-adapting mechanoreceptors in the single fungiform papilla glossopharyngeal nerve preparations, respectively. Results I. Impulse response properties of fast- and slow-adapting units 1) Most of the fungiform papillae were innervated by both fast- and slow-adapting units. Fast-adapting units evoked 1-4 impulses to each stimulus and the adaptation time was less than 17.5 msec. Slow-adapting units evoked 27.8 +/- 8.0 impulses (range: 11-49 impulses n = 18) during a pressure stimulation of 3 sec, and the adaptation time was 1.64 +/- 0.73 sec (range: 0.53-2.86 sec, n = 18). 2) Threshold, latency and absolute refractory period for fast-adapting units were 7.0 +/- 1.9 microns (range: 3.0-11.8 microns, n = 189), 2.31 +/- 1.29 msec (range: 0.85-6.80 msec, n = 31) and 2.9 +/- 1.0 msec (range: 1.8-5.6 msec, n = 33), respectively. Those for slow-adapting units were 4.6 +/- 1.8 microns (range: 2.0-11.8 microns, n = 152), 13.54 +/- 11.29 msec (range: 2.00-54.00 msec, n = 35) and 6.5 +/- 3.6 msec (range: 1.9-19.6 msec, n = 35), respectively. 3) A fast-adapting unit innervated 5.1 +/- 2.5 fungiform papillae (range: 1-13 fungiform papillae, n = 58) and the receptive area was 0.342 +/- 0.312 mm2 (range: 0.005-1.548 mm2, n = 55). A slow-adapting unit innervated 3.3 +/- 2.0 fungiform papillae (range: 1-12 fungiform papillae, n = 50) and the receptive area was 0.158 +/- 0.144 mm2 (range: 0.006-0.616 mm2, n = 29). 4) Conduction velocity of the fast-adapting unit was 23.0 +/- 3.1 m/sec (range: 15.0-30.6 m/sec, n = 528) and that of the slow-adapting unit was 12.8 +/- 2.2 m/sec (range: 4.4-21.1 m/sec, n = 495). The conduction velocity was calculated from the time necessary to conduct at two different points of the nerve fiber. 5) The upper limits of fast- and slow-adapting units for vibratory stimulation were 62.7 +/- 10.5 Hz (range: 50-80 Hz, n = 15) and 34.5 +/- 9.6 Hz (range: 15-45 Hz, n = 10), respectively. II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of combination of 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and mitomycin C (FEM) on advanced gastric carcinoma.

Fifteen patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were treated with the combination of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Epirubicin (EPI) and Mitomycin C (MMC). Twelve of 15 patients were evaluable. Three patients showed partial response (25%) and 4 showed no change (33%) according to the criteria of Japan Society for Cancer Therapy. Mean survival time for responders, nonresponders and all evaluable patients were 14. 3, 3.6 and 6.3 months, respectively. Two patients with partial response lived over 18 months. Major toxicities included myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia. These were mild in general and reversible by discontinuance. No cardiotoxicity developed. It was concluded that this combination therapy is beneficial in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma because it showed measurable clinical effectiveness with less toxicity than FAM therapy (a combination of 5-FU, Doxorubicin and MMC).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of LH-RH analogue on pituitary-testicular axis and bladder carcinogenesis of BBN administered male rats].

As a first step of investigating male predominance of bladder cancer incidence, we have studied relationships between rat bladder carcinogenesis, induced by BBN, and changes of pituitary-testicular axis, induced by a LH-RH analogue. The rats were divided into the following five groups. The first group (Age matched control group) was given normal drinking water for 30 weeks. The 2nd group (BBN group) was given a drinking water containing 0.05% BBN for 6 weeks. The 3rd group (LH-RH group) was given subcutaneous injections of a LH-RH analogue depot every four weeks. The 4th group (LH-RH + BBN group) was given subcutaneous injections of the LH-RH analogue depot every four weeks and a drinking water containing 0.05% BBN for 6 weeks. The 5th group (castration group) was castrated and given normal drinking water. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Serum LH, FSH and testosterone levels reached their peaks one day after the LH-RH analogue injection and decreased afterwards. Testosterone marked a castration level one week after the LH-RH analogue injection. 2) There was no significant difference between the BBN and non BBN groups in serum LH, FSH and testosterone levels. Thus, BBN did not influence the pituitary-testicular axis and the action of the LH-RH analogues. 3) Incidence of cancer was higher in the group of BBN + LH-RH than in the group of BBN 8 weeks after the start of the experiment. Then, the incidence was reversed between 20 weeks and 26 weeks; finally it became almost the same at 30 weeks. This phenomenon may be explained by the experimented schedule we applied; that is, BBN and LH-RH analogue were administered simultaneously. 4) Thus, changes of the pituitary-testicular axis induced by the LH-RH analogue seemed to have influence on bladder carcinogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Disappearance of bacteriuria after transurethral prostatectomy with special reference to the sensitivity to the used antimicrobials].

From 333 patients who underwent transurethral prostatectomy between May 1983 and April 1987, 123 strains of bacteria were isolated before surgery. Although all of the cocci which were sensitive to the used antimicrobials disappeared after surgery, significant difference was not observed between the disappearance rates of sensitive and non-sensitive gram-negative bacilli (disappearance rates were 86.4% and 77.8%). About two-third (34/57) of postoperative bacteria were those not isolated before surgery and patients with preoperatively infected urine had more chance than patients with sterile urine to develop infection by bacteria which was not pre-operatively detected. Precise preoperative condition is not known at the time of surgery and the sensitivity of preoperatively reported bacteria is, although important, not a sufficient information. We can only guess bacteria which might become apparent after prostatectomy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of gastrointestinal cancers with major responses to sequential methotrexate 5-FU plus 5'-DFUR].

We reported 2 patients treated with Methotrexate (MTX)-Fluorouracil (5-FU) sequential therapy combined with Doxifluridine (5'-DFUR). The method of administration was as follows: MTX 60 mg was given intravenously (iv) followed by 5-FU 600 mg iv 2 hours later in colon cancer and 5 hours later in gastric cancer. Leucovorin 20 mg was administered 3 times every 6 hours beginning 6 hours after 5-FU infusion. This cycle was repeated once a week for 5 weeks. 5'-DFUR 1,200 mg was given orally daily and continued after MTX.5-FU therapy. Patient 1 was a 60-yr-old female with recurrent colon cancer developed four years after sigmoidectomy. She was referred to our hospital for further examinations of elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The enlarged intraabdominal lymph nodes due to recurrence were demonstrated on computer tomography and the chemotherapy was performed as described above. The swelling of lymph nodes showed marked reduction in size and CEA value was normalized. Patient 2 was a 59-yr-old man with advanced gastric cancer accompanied by giant liver metastasis. Both primary and metastatic lesion responded favorably to this regimen. There was no remarkable side effect in either patient. These results suggest that this method is worth performing in further clinical trials for cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Phase II study of cisplatin in advanced esophageal cancer and gastric cancer].

Twenty-four patients with advanced gastric cancer and 4 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were treated with cisplatin at a dose of 80-100 mg/m2 for one day or 10-20 mg/m2 for 5 consecutive days every 3-4 weeks. As for gastric cancer, 21 of 24 were evaluable for this study according to the criteria of the Japan Society for Cancer Therapy. Four of 21 patients (19%) showed partial response (PR), 7 displayed no change (NC), and 10 evidenced progressive disease (PD). Among 4 PR cases, only one had effective primary lesion. As for esophageal cancer, all 4 patients were evaluable, while 2 showed no change (NC) and another 2 exhibited progressive disease (PD). Gastrointestinal toxicity occurred in 20 patients despite the use of anti-emetic drugs. Nephrotoxicity and hematological toxicity were observed in 14 patients and 22 patients, respectively. These did not impede the continuous treatment except one case of hematological toxicity. It was concluded that cisplatin is more effective for the metastatic lesion of gastric cancer than primary lesion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Retrospective study of renal images on bone scans].

Renal images shown on 254 bone scans employing Tc 99m MDP were analyzed to evaluate the renal abnormalities. Among these cases, there were 43 cases of abnormal renal visualization. Of these abnormal cases, 27 cases were proved by laboratory data, radiographs, echograms, CT findings and autopsy records. 14 cases of renal abnormalities were presented; hydronephrosis due to ureteral obstruction (4 cases), renal dysfunction (3 cases), renal cell carcinoma (2 cases), contracted kidney (2 cases), nephrectomy (2 cases) and renal stone (1 case). Three cases showed super bone images with widespread metastatic lesions of malignant tumors. The remaining 10 cases were not revealed renal abnormalities from other clinical findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Medullary sponge kidney and hyperparathyroidism.

Medullary sponge kidney (MSK), parathyroid adenoma, renal cell carcinoma, and renal-leak hypercalciuria coincided in 1 female patient. Renal-leak hypercalciuria was not corrected by removal of a parathyroid adenoma. Since the patient had renal tubular acidosis (RTA), alkali treatment was conducted and resulted in the correction of hypercalciuria. Renal cell carcinoma eventually developed and MSK was confirmed histologically. This case suggests that MSK and primary hyperparathyroidism occurred independently.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

[Controlled study of MQF-OK therapy with FT and with UFT on various advanced gastrointestinal cancers. Hirosaki Cooperative Study Group of Cancer Chemotherapy].

Our cooperative study group carried out a controlled study of MQF-OK therapy with tegafur (FT) (group A) and with UFT (group B), a compound of FT and uracil in the molar ratio of 1:4, on various advanced gastrointestinal cancers. From January 1985 to May 1987, 91 patients were entered into this study, and 11 cases were ineligible for the protocol (11%). Fifty of 80 cases had advanced gastric cancer, 30 had pancreatic cancer or other cancers, such as colon cancer, and biliary tract cancer. They were divided into group A or B at random. There was no difference in the patient characteristics between group A and B. In gastric cancer, 23 of 50 cases were randomized into group A and 27 cases into group B. Two cases in group A (8.7%) and 7 cases in group B (25.9%) showed PR. The response rate of group B was better than that of group A, but the value of P by Kruskal-Wallis test was 0.27. Thirteen of the 30 other cancers were randomized into group A and 17 cases into group B. Three cases in group A and B, respectively, showed PR. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of antitumor effect, prolongation of life or side effects. In conclusion, it was suggested that the MQF-OK therapy with UFT was beneficial for the Remission Induction Therapy in advanced gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical experience of fosfomycin tablet on cystitis].

Twenty-five adult female patients with acute cystitis were treated with 500 mg fosfomycin tablets, at a dose of 6 tablets per day for 7 days. The clinical effects were evaluated on the 3rd day, and the treatment was found effective in all the 18 patients evaluated. The cystitis recurred in 1 patient, one week after the treatment. As for the side effects, three patients complained gastric discomfort and/or diarrhea.

Acute Disease↗