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Biomedical subjects

A Kurata

Publications and source records attributed to A Kurata.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of adrenal myelolipoma].

A case of adrenal myelolipoma is presented. The patient was a 61-year-old woman who complained of lumbago this time. A tumor of the left adrenal gland, however, had been found by computed tomography 4 years earlier. Judging from the CT, the size of this tumor had not changed at all, although the density of the mass on admission had reduced, compared with that of 4 years earlier. Laboratory examinations of adrenal function was normal. Left adrenalectomy was performed. Histologically, this tumor consisted of adipose and some hematopoietic tissue. We reviewed 43 cases of adrenal myelolipoma resected surgically in Japan.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Mixed gonadal dysgenesis with plasty in males].

A 13-year-old Korean boy is reported here as a case of mixed gonadal dysgenesis. The patient presented with perineal hypospadia. He had scrotal testis, epididymis, vas deferens on right side, and abdominal streak gonad, Fallopian tube on left side. He had also uterus and vagina. His chromosome was 46XY type. Among 59 reported cases in Japan, 12 had undergone plasty into male. All of them had hypospadia. In 51 cases, 17 had testes in scrotum. None of them had a testicular tumor. So we decided to do plasty in male, and to follow up his testis quite carefully.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of intracranial hemorrhage caused by cerebral arteriovenous malformations: with special reference to intraventricular hemorrhage].

Forty-two cases with intracranial hemorrhage caused by cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM), which was diagnosed by CT scan, were reviewed with regard to the clinical significance of intracranial hemorrhage, especially intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Twenty-one patients were defined as poor risk cases whose level of consciousness at admission was 100 to 300 according to the Japan Coma Scale, whereas the remaining 21 patients were defined as good risk cases. Surgical excision of AVM was undertaken in 35 out of the 42 cases. Urgent surgical removal of intracerebral hematoma and AVM within 24 hours following onset was undertaken in 11 cases. In 14 patients, urgent continuous ventricular drainage was carried out. The effects of the following factors on the level of consciousness at admission, and on the result of AVM treatment were investigated to clarify the clinical significance of intracranial hemorrhage; 1) cast formation of 3rd and/or 4th ventricle, 2) volume of intraventricular hematoma, 3) accompanying intracerebral hematoma and 4) acute hydrocephalus. It was confirmed that all these factors significantly contributed to the development of serious disturbance of consciousness in the acute stage following intracranial hemorrhage. For good risk cases, the rate of patients who showed a good recovery or only moderate disability according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale reached 91%, whereas for poor risk cases, it was only 43%. The presence of large intracerebral hematomas of more than 4 cm in diameter accompanied with IVH was significantly correlated with the result of AVM treatment. The presence or absence of cast formation of 3rd and/or 4th ventricle, volume of intraventricular hematoma and acute hydrocephalus were not significantly related to the result of AVM treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic value of histologic and clinical factors in 56 patients with gastrointestinal lymphomas.

To investigate the prognostic value of histologic and clinical factors in lymphomas of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the clinicopathologic findings in 56 Japanese patients with GI lymphomas were reviewed. They included 37 patients with gastric and 19 with intestinal lymphomas. The male to female ratio was 2.7:1 in gastric and 11:1 in small intestinal lymphomas. Histologically, all but one of intestinal lymphomas were high-grade lymphomas. Gastric lymphomas comprised 47% of low-grade and 53% of high-grade tumors. Significant factors for favorable prognosis identified by Cox's multivariate analysis were female sex, the presence of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) in the primary site, early stage of disease, gastric lymphomas, and low-grade histologic type. The important role of chronic lymphocytic infiltration for development of gastric lymphoma was suggested by the high incidence of RLH and the intermediate lymphocytic type of lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Germanium-induced nephropathy: report of two cases and review of the literature.

We report two cases of renal failure following long-term ingestion of germanium dioxide (GeO2) and comment on eight other cases reported in Japan. Ge-induced nephropathy is characterized by insidious onset of renal failure without proteinuria or hematuria after oral intake of Ge-containing compounds for more than several months, and by degeneration of renal tubular cells with minor glomerular abnormality in histology. When patients ceased to ingest Ge compounds, renal function gradually recovered but never returned to the normal range. Serious extrarenal complication can contribute to an unfavorable prognosis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

[Lipogranuloma with marked eosinophile infiltration in male genitalia].

A characteristic lipogranuloma in the male genitalia is presented. Histopathological examination revealed a granuloma resembling sclerosing lipogranuloma with marked eosinophile infiltration. Only 11 cases with such a histopathological feature have been reported. Including this case all cases have similar localization, shape and clinical course. The genesis of these granulomas is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case of dermatomyositis associated with breast cancer].

Presented is a case of a 48-year-old woman with dermatomyositis associated with breast cancer. A standard radical mastectomy against the breast cancer was performed in addition to the administration of adriamycin, 5-Fu, and tamoxifen as adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy. The symptoms of dermatomyositis were not that severe, so no steroid therapy was given. The patient now is ambulatory and has been discharged, and no symptoms of recurrence or exacerbations of dermatomyositis has occurred.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[A comparative morphological study of gastric and colorectal cancer--differences in early type IIc and advanced type 4 cancer].

Five hundred and nineteen gastric and 883 colorectal cancers have been compared macroscopically according to their Japanese classification. Most early cancers were found to be of a protruded (I and IIa) type in the intestine and a depressed (IIc) type in the stomach, and it is felt that their histogenesis in the mucosa may play an important role in causing this difference. Type 4 advanced cancer is common in the stomach, but rare in the intestine. Histologically, most type 4 gastric cancers present scirrhous findings. Type 4 colorectal cancers can be classified into 4 groups based on their pathological characteristics, such as lymphangiosis, muconodular, mixed, and scirrhous types.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Soft tissue sarcomas in Osaka, Japan (1962-1985): review of 290 cases.

Two hundred and ninety patients with soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in Osaka, Japan, were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from one month to 84 years (mean 51 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.23:1. The tumors were located in the extremities (120 cases), the trunk (76 cases), the abdominal cavity (40 cases), and the head and neck (43 cases). Histologically the tumors were classified as malignant fibrous histiocytoma (101 cases, 34.8%), liposarcoma (28 cases, 9.7%), synovial sarcoma (24 cases, 8.3%), rhabdomyosarcoma (23 cases, 7.9%), neurogenic sarcoma (20 cases, 6.9%), fibrosarcoma (16 cases, 5.5%), leiomyosarcoma (16 cases, 5.5%) and others. From the present study, it appears that there are no significant differences between STS in Japan and Western countries with regard to the distributions of histological type and primary site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A case of a non-invasive carcinoma of the breast with unusual clinicopathological appearance].

A rare case of a non-invasive carcinoma of the breast is reported. A 39-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of large breast lump (11.5 X 8.0 cm) and an abnormal nipple discharge. Mammography revealed widely dispersed microcalcifications and an echographic diagnosis indicated a fibrocystic disease. A cytologic examination of the nipple discharge showed malignant cells with a CEA level that was very high. The patient was treated with a standard radical mastectomy. Specimen mammography showed microcalcification in almost all sections. The histological examination, using serial sections, was seen to be consistent with a non-invasive ductal carcinoma. No lymph node or remote distant metastasis was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Collision tumor of the stomach].

In a gastric neoplasm, malignant lymphoma is a relatively rare disease and a malignant lymphoma complicated by a carcinoma is very rarely found in the same stomach. As far as we could determine in a search of the literature, the coexistence of a gastric cancer and a malignant lymphoma was found in only 30 cases including our case and collision was seen in 10 of these. Our report concerns a recent case of malignant gastric lymphoma colliding with II c early gastric cancer, and is followed by a discussion. The patient, a man of 68, had complained of epigastralgia. The case was diagnosed as a gastric malignant lymphoma after an upper gastrointestinal roentgenogram and endoscopy. A biopsy revealed a torous malignant lymphoma (diffuse medium-sized cell type) and an II c early gastric cancer (tub 2) and suggested the collision between them.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Myelopathy caused by hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament (HPLL): case report].

A case of myelopathy caused by hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament at the cervical spine is reported. A 71-year-old man was hospitalized with myelopathy with progressed during the last two months. Plain X-ray of the cervical spine revealed only mild spondylotic change. Myelography demonstrated completely blocked contrast medium at C4 to C5 vertebral height due to epidural mass. This epidural mass was localized ventral to the spinal cord from C3 to C5. CT scan revealed slightly high density area behind the vertebral body. On surgery, no evidence of disc fragment but only hypertrophied posterior longitudinal ligament which was removed was found to be a cause of cord compression. Excellent recovery of neurological symptoms after operation was obtained. On histological study, remarkable hypertrophy, edema, hyalinoid degeneration and a little calcification of the ligament was found, which did not show any evidence of new bone formation. HPLL was characterized by thickened and broad epidural mass in the ventral side of cervical cord with Hounsfield number of 90-156 on CT scan, which is not very easy to differentiate from metastatic epidural tumor. The cause of HPLL is not well elucidated, though, this may be a new category of compression myelopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Class II major histocompatibility complex antigen expression and cellular interactions in thyroid glands of Graves' disease.

Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens have been demonstrated on the surface of thyroid epithelial cells (thyrocytes) from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. The present study was designed to investigate how the expression of class II MHC antigens is involved in autoimmune processes in Graves' disease by studying cellular interactions among thyrocytes, lymphocytes within thyroid glands (TG), and peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes. Thyrocytes were prepared by collagenase digestion, and T or non-T cells were separated by E-rosette formation. Thyrocytes were cocultured in the presence or absence of interferon-gamma, and the expression of HLA-DR antigens on cultured thyrocytes was examined by an indirect immunofluorescence method using monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody and monoclonal anti-HLA-DQ antibody. The cellular interactions were assessed as the proliferative response of T cells to autologous stimulators, such as thyrocytes or lymphocytes. Expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyrocytes after culture for 18 h in the absence of interferon-gamma was found in two thirds of the patients with Graves' disease studied (n = 18). Interferon-gamma induced and maintained the expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyrocytes. The percentages of HLA-DR+T cells were significantly higher among TG-T cells than among PB-T cells [32.6 +/- 12.4% (+/- SD) vs. 12.2 +/-5.0%; n = 18; P less than 0.01]. Thyrocytes from Graves' patients induced proliferation of both autologous PB-T cells and TG-T cells, and TG-T cells stimulated proliferation of autologous PB-T cells. In conclusion, interferon-gamma induces HLA-DR antigen expression on thyrocytes from patients with Graves' disease, and these cells induce proliferation of autologous T cells, which may, in turn, act on thyrocytes to perpetuate the process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Serum from patients with autoimmune diseases induces in vitro production of disease-associated antibodies by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal subjects.

Antibodies present in serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune thyroid diseases, and myasthenia gravis are preferentially cytotoxic to suppressor T lymphocytes from normal subjects induced by Concanavalin A. The aim of this study was to determine whether the lymphocytotoxic antibodies found in patients with these diseases also react with regulatory T cells to facilitate production of the autoantibodies responsible for each disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from normal subjects were treated with serum from patients and complement. After washing, residual viable cells were cultured with pokeweed mitogen for 7 days. Immunoglobulin M rheumatoid factor and antihuman thyroglobulin antibody (anti-hTgAb) in the culture supernatants were measured by RIA. Anti-hTgAb was produced in culture supernatants of PBMC treated with serum samples from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, whereas serum samples from patients with RA, myasthemia gravis, or normal subjects did not stimulate production of detectable anti-hTgAb. In contrast, Immunoglobulin M rheumatoid factor was produced by normal PBMC treated only with serum from patients with RA. When normal T cells treated with serum were cultured with autologous untreated non-T cells in the presence of pokeweed mitogen, autoantibodies also were produced. Furthermore, the production of anti-hTgAb was suppressed by adding untreated T cells to the mixture of treated T cells and untreated non-T cells. These results suggest that lymphocytotoxic antibodies found in patients with autoimmune disorders may cause disease-associated suppressor T cell dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Primary leptomeningeal ependymoblastoma. Case report.

Ependymoblastoma is considered to be a primitive malignant glioma with ependymal differentiation. This rare tumor occurs in very early life and shows rapid growth and a diffuse infiltration through the leptomeningeal space. The tumor cells are highly immature, with numerous mitoses and multilayered ependymal rosettes. The ependymoblastoma described in this report was found in a 17-year-old girl. In spite of detailed clinical and postmortem examinations, no definite primary site was identified in the neuraxis. The lesion spread predominantly throughout the leptomeningeal space. Histological analysis strongly suggested that this tumor originated from a heterotopic glial nest in the subarachnoid space. The absence of immunohistochemical neural tissue markers, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, and neurofilaments ruled out neuronal or glial differentiation. The authors were unable to find any previous report of primary leptomeningeal ependymoblastoma.

Adolescent↗