[A case of granulosa cell tumor with unusual histologic features].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
A Kurata
Publications and source records attributed to A Kurata.
Phenotypic characteristics of T cells interacted with synovial cells.
We demonstrated the phenotypic characteristics of T cells interacted with synovial fibroblast-like cells. A small percentage of peripheral blood T cells adhered to synovial fibroblast-like cells. When synovial cells were treated with interferon-gamma or interleukin-1 beta, the percentage of T cells that adhered to the treated cells markedly increased in comparison with the value for untreated synovial cells. The kinesis of T cell adherence to treated synovial cells differed from that of HLA-DR antigen expression on synovial cells. T cell adherence was not blocked by mouse monoclonal anti-HLA-DR and anti-HLA-ABC antibodies. The phenotypes of the adherent and nonadherent T cells were investigated with a flow cytometer. The CD29 + subset was more adhesive than the CD45RA + subset to IL-1 beta-stimulated synovial cells. The proportions of high density lymphocyte function associated antigen (LFA)-1 alpha and LFA-1 beta were greater in the adherent than in the nonadherent T cells, and the mean fluorescence intensities of LFA-1 alpha, LFA-1 beta and CD2 molecules on adherent T cells were significantly higher than those on nonadherent T cells. Our results support the concept that an interaction between infiltrating lymphocytes and synovial cells occurs in the synovium, resulting in the initiation and perpetuation of immune responses in synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis.
Adult↗
[Adrenal adenoma with bilateral testicular Leydig cell tumor: a case report].
A case of left adrenal adenoma with bilateral testicular Leydig cell tumor in a 38-year-old man is reported. He had received bilateral orchiectomy for testicular Leydig cell tumor at the age of 37. After operation computed tomography revealed left adrenal mass and aldosterone-secreting adrenal tumor was suspected. Left adrenalectomy was performed and histopathological diagnosis was adrenocortical adenoma. Serum ACTH, aldosterone and plasma renin activity were still high after operation. The adrenal cortex and gonads are of common embryologic origin and the histologic pattern may overlap. Examination of the adrenal gland is necessary for the patient with a testicular Leydig cell tumor.
Adenoma↗
Analysis of peptide residues interacting with MHC molecule or T cell receptor. Can a peptide bind in more than one way to the same MHC molecule?
It has generally been assumed implicitly that one can define amino acid residues of a T cell antigenic determinant peptide that interact with the MHC molecule, i.e., residues that form the "agretope." However, if the same peptide can be seen in different conformations or orientations in the same MHC molecule by different T cells, then we would predict that some residues would appear to interact with the TCR of one T cell clone but with the MHC molecule as the peptide is seen by another T cell clone. To test this hypothesis, we synthesized 36 analogue peptides of an immunogenic fragment (P133-146) of sperm whale myoglobin with three different substitutions for each of 12 amino-acid residues and analyzed the role of each residue for I-Ed-binding and for activation of two Th clones, 14.1 and 14.5, specific for the peptide. The two T cell clones showed slightly different fine specificity from each other in that the truncated peptide P136-144 could stimulate 14.5 but not 14.1. The binding activity of nonstimulatory analogues to the I-Ed molecule was measured by functional inhibition analyses using truncated wild-type peptides as stimulators and nonstimulatory analogues as inhibitors. Paradoxical results were obtained that could not be explained by the peptide binding in a single way to the same I-Ed molecule. Some residues appeared to reciprocally reverse their roles for binding to I-Ed vs binding to the TCR when assessed using T-cell clone 14.5 compared to clone 14.1. These results fit the prediction of the above hypothesis and indicate the possibility that the same peptide, P133-146, can bind in more than one way to the same Ia molecule. The T cell clones, 14.1 and 14.5, appear to recognize different P133-146-I-Ed complexes in which the peptide is bound differently. Moreover, a given residue may not have a unique function of always interacting with the MHC molecule or TCR, but may change from one role to the other as it is presented to different T cells.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system in Japan: histologic and immunohistologic studies.
Ninety-seven Japanese patients with so-called primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS-NHL), unrelated to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or organ transplantation, were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 87 years (median: 58 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.77:1. The most frequent past histories were acute appendicitis (appendectomy), head injury, uveitis or iritis, and gastritis or gastric ulcer. These patients presented with symptoms suggesting an expanding intracranial lesion with no signs of extracranial lymphomatous disease. Combined computed tomographic scans, angiography, and findings at surgery or autopsy showed that the cerebrum was the commonest site of involvement, 87% of all cases, with the frontal to temporal region being the most commonly involved. Histologically, the diffuse large-cell type was most frequent and 26% of lymphomas were of high-grade malignancy as defined by the Working Formulation. The reported frequency of high-grade CNS-NHLs in AIDS patients in the United States is much higher (over 60%). Immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections revealed a B-cell nature of the present series of tumors. In 16% of the cases, large numbers of small lymphoid cells with a positive reaction predominantly for anti-T lymphocyte antibodies surrounded the tumors or aggregated around the capillaries. The tumors which were infiltrated by small lymphoid cells showed more favorable prognosis than those which were not, suggesting a host reaction to tumor growth in these patients.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Effect of transcatheter arterial embolization on the boundary architecture of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Daughter nodules and intrahepatic metastases are resistant to conventional transcatheter arterial embolization therapy. To clarify the mechanism of this resistance, the boundaries of hepatocellular carcinomas and their relationship to the blood supply were studied. The boundaries of the hepatocellular carcinomas studied were classified as one of five types: encapsulated, granulation, stromal, replacing, or sinusoidal. The granulation and stromal types had a capsule-like structure, but lacked the hyalinization which is the hallmark of a true tumor capsule. The granulation and stromal types could also be differentiated from the encapsulated type because of their different blood supplies and the differing effects of transcatheter arterial embolization. When barium sulfate was infused into the portal vein, it did not enter into encapsulated tumors, but it entered granulation and stromal type tumors. Small nodules such as daughter nodules and intrahepatic metastases do not have capsules, and so have a blood supply that makes them resistant to conventional transcatheter arterial embolization therapy.
Autopsy↗
Cytokine regulation of HLA on thyroid epithelial cells.
The regulation of class I and class II HLA expression in human thyroid follicular cells was studied in vitro. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) enhanced the expression of class I antigen on thyrocytes, but these cytokines had little effect on the expression of class II antigen. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) did not affect class I and class II antigen expression. The combination of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) with TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta enhanced the induction of class I and class II antigens, compared with the effect of IFN-gamma alone. Neither class I nor class II expression was induced by IL-6 alone or in combination with IFN-gamma. These findings suggest that TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta may have an important role in inappropriate expression of HLA antigens on thyrocytes in thyroid gland.
Cell Survival↗
Retrograde thrombosis of feeding arteries after removal of arteriovenous malformations.
Five cases of retrograde thrombosis of former feeding arteries after removal of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are reported. The clinical features of these patients were studied and compared to those of 71 patients without this complication. The following characteristics were found to correlate with retrograde thrombosis: 1) advancing age of the patient; 2) large AVM size; and 3) markedly dilated and elongated feeders. It is suggested that the slow flow in the former feeding arteries that was observed immediately after AVM removal and pathological changes in these vessels due to long-standing hemodynamic stresses contributed to the development of retrograde thrombosis. Neurological manifestations related to retrograde thrombosis were noted in three of the five cases. Although infrequent, this complication should be considered as a serious possibility following removal of an AVM.
Adolescent↗
[Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy: a case report].
A 30-year-old man with chronic sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) lasting more than seven years was treated with propranolol, 30 mg/day. This resulted in controlled cardiac rates of 90 to 130/min during sleep, and 100 to 195/min while awake. However, he experienced Adams-Stokes attacks twice, in September and December, 1986. During the second attack, ambulatory heart monitoring showed his VT rate of 212/min. An electrophysiological study revealed that the VT focal point was in the lower-mid region of the interventricular septum in the right ventricle. The VT was characterized by abnormal enhanced automaticity. This VT could not be interrupted either by single or multiple combinations of antiarrhythmic drugs. Cardiac catheterization revealed a diffusely enlarged hypokinetic left ventricle, even at the rate of 120/min VT (EF 27%, C.I. 2.3 l/min/m2). Because of his severe hemodynamic state, we performed electrical catheter ablation successfully. After the ablation, his left ventricular wall motion gradually improved. Nine months after the ablation, his left ventricular diastolic dimension decreased from 64 to 48 mm and the left ventricular systolic dimension decreased from 57 to 28 mm on M-mode echocardiography, while ejection fraction increased from 27 to 73% on the left ventriculography. Bi-ventricular myocardial biopsy specimens obtained prior to the ablation revealed only cellular hypertrophy of varying degrees, and vacuole degeneration consistent with non-specific cardiomyopathy. However, nine months after the ablation, these findings were no longer present. Thus, this case was considered tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy initiated by VT, lasting many years.
Adult↗
[A case of nephrogenic adenoma in the female urethral diverticulum].
A case of nephrogenic adenoma in the female urethral diverticulum is reported. A 39-year-old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of perineal pain. Observation of her perineum and transvaginal digital examination revealed urethral diverticulum, and then diverticulectomy was performed. Histological diagnosis was urethral diverticulum associated with nephrogenic adenoma. In Japan, this is the 1st report of nephrogenic adenoma arising in the female urethral diverticulum. We reviewed 305 cases of nephrogenic adenoma of the urinary tract in the English and Japanese literature.
Adenoma↗
[Primary carcinoma in situ of the ureter: a case report].
A case of primary carcinoma in situ of the ureter in a 77-year-old man is reported. The patient had been to another hospital with right flank pain and macroscopic hematuria. Ultrasound sonogram showed right hydronephrosis. An excretory urogram showed right hydronephrosis and stenosis of right ureter. He was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment. Retrograde pyelogram demonstrated a right ureteral stricture at the level of S1-2, but no space occupying lesion was detected in the ureter. Cytology of voided urine was negative for malignant cells and no other abnormal findings were present. Probe laparotomy was performed under the preoperative diagnosis of ureteral stricture. During the operation, frozen section examination of the stenotic ureter showed carcinoma in situ and so we performed right total nephroureterectomy with a bladder cuff. Pathologic diagnosis was primary carcinoma in situ of the right ureter. The patient has been doing well for six months postoperatively with no evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease.
Aged↗
Immunodominant sites of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 envelope protein for murine helper T cells.
HTLV-I (human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1) is the retrovirus causally related to adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and is also associated with a neurological disorder, tropical spastic paraparesis, or HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. The development of these two different diseases among HTLV-I-infected individuals may depend in part on differences in their T cell immunity associated with a difference of HLA phenotype. Peptides corresponding to 17 sites in the HTLV-I envelope protein were tested for their antigenicity for lymph node cells from B10.BR, B10.D2, B10.A(5R), and B10.HTT congenic mice, representing four independent MHC haplotypes, immunized with the native envelope protein. Ten of the 17 tested sites were predicted to be amphipathic alpha-helical sites and all of them were found to be antigenic for at least one of the four MHC congenic strains of mice. Three of the 17 sites were amphipathic 3(10)-helical sites and four sites were predicted to be non-helical sites: none of the 3(10)-helical sites were antigenic and only one of four non-predicted sites was found to be immunodominant. Furthermore, three potent immunodominant peptides, V1E1 (342-363), V1E8/SP4a (191-209), and V1E10 (141-156) were also shown to be immunogenic; i.e., these peptides could be used to immunize mice to elicit proliferative responses of lymph node cells to the native HTLV-I envelope protein. Furthermore, these three peptides were able to prime animals for an enhanced antibody response to the native protein. Because this priming followed the same Ir gene control as the proliferative response, it probably reflects the ability of these peptides to prime helper T cells. The localization of immunodominant sites in HTLV-I envelope protein in mice may be useful for finding antigenic and immunogenic sites in humans, for developing a peptide vaccine for the virus, and possibly for aiding in prognosis for the development of different disease manifestations of HTLV-I infection.
Algorithms↗
Molecular studies of antigen processing and presentation to T cells by class II MHC molecules.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Acoustic neurinoma presenting with repeated intratumoral hemorrhage. Case report].
A case of acoustic neurinoma with multiple intratumoral hemorrhages is reported. A 56-year-old male noted sudden hearing reduction in his left ear in October of 1985. The diagnosis of a local physician was sudden deafness. About 10 months later, he had two episodes of severe headache without nausea or vomiting. The patient was hospitalized in October of 1986. Neurological examination cerebellar ataxia. cerebellar ataxia. Plain and enhanced computed tomography revealed only an unremarkable low-density area at the left cerebellopontine angle. In contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly demonstrated a large (3 x 4 x 5 cm), multicystic tumor in the site. On exposure of the tumor at surgery, most of the cysts were found to be filled with a dark red or xanthochromic fluid. The tumor was completely removed following numerous cyst punctures to decrease its volume. There was no evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Histological examination showed a typical acoustic neurinoma. The cyst wall contained numerous telangiectasia-like lesions. The initial symptom of this patient was sudden hearing loss, which is an atypical manifestation of acoustic neurinoma. The massive intratumoral hemorrhage was thought to be caused by telangiectatic lesions in the cyst wall. MRI clearly demonstrated the hemorrhagic cysts within the tumor, especially in the posterior fossa.
Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
[Extramammary Paget's disease with a large mass in male genitalia: a case report].
A 57-year-old Japanese man presented with a mass 3 cm in diameter at the root of the penis. The patient had noticed the mass growing for 5 years, but had no pain or itching. Histological examination revealed it to be invasive Paget's disease, and the mass was resected along with skin of normal appearance within 3 cm around it. Regional lymph node metastasis was also revealed in the operation, and irradiation at the pelvic and inguinal region was done. Extramammary Paget's disease with a large mass is relatively rare, and invasive extramammary Paget's disease has a poor prognosis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[A case of papillary cystadenoma of epididymis].
We present a case of papillary cystadenoma of the right epididymis in a 52-year-old man. He visited our hospital complaining of painless mass in his right scrotum. This painless hard mass was palpable at the head of his right epididymis and was 1 cm in diameter. Right epididymectomy was performed. A histological examination revealed epithelial proliferation of ectatic efferent ducts and microcysts filled with papillary processes, and a diagnosis of papillary cystadenoma of the right epididymis was made. In Japan, our present case is the 12th of papillary cystadenoma of epididymis. We chiefly reviewed the clinical aspects of this disease, especially the relationship between this disease and von Hippel-Lindau's disease.
Cystadenoma↗
[Congenital unilateral multicystic kidney in an adult].
Congenital unilateral multicystic kidney is relatively rare in adult (16% in adult, and 84% in children). Most of the adult cases are asymptomatic, and should be followed up conservatively, but nephrectomy was performed in many cases reported in Japan, because it was difficult to distinguish those cases from renal tuberculosis. Here we present one adult case, and discuss its clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, etiology and embryology.
Female↗
[Localized amyloidosis of urinary bladder: a case report].
A case of localized amyloidosis of the urinary bladder is reported. A 82-year-old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of miction pain and residual urine sensation. Cystoscopic examination revealed a broad-based and nonpapillary tumor without bleeding on the right lateral wall. A transurethral biopsy of this tumor was performed. A histopathological examination with H.E. and Congo red stains demonstrated amyloid deposition in the submucosal layers of the vesical wall. Rectal biopsy and other findings suggested no deposition of amyloid in other organs. On the basis of these findings, we made a diagnosis of localized amyloidosis of the urinary bladder. To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the 23rd of localized amyloidosis of urinary bladder in Japan. The patient was asymptomatic after biopsy. We discuss the clinical features and management of this disease.
Aged↗