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Biomedical subjects

A Kiss

Publications and source records attributed to A Kiss.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Neurotensin in the rat median eminence: the possible sources of neurotensin-like fibers and varicosities in the external layer.

The possible sources of neurotensin-like immunoreactive axons in the median eminence were studied after several experimental surgical approaches including unilateral lateral retrochiasmatic area transection, midsagittal knife cut through the median eminence, complete surgical isolation of the medial basal hypothalamus and bilateral paraventricular nucleus lesions. Both immunohistochemical and radioimmunoassay data demonstrate that neurotensin-containing neuronal somata located in the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei represent the main source of neurotensin occurring in the external zone of the median eminence of the rat: neither the complete isolation of the medial basal hypothalamus nor the transection of the major neuronal input channel to the median eminence in the lateral retrochiasmatic area altered neurotensin-like immunoreactivity in the median eminence; bilateral lesioning of the paraventricular nucleus resulted in insignificant changes of neurotensin level in the median eminence; and two days after lesioning the median eminence an increased amount of retrogradely accumulated neurotensin-like immunoreactivity was found in several perikarya of the arcuate nuclei due to the blockage of axonal transport in the transected fibers. Retrograde accumulation of neurotensin-like material in other cells scattered in the anterior hypothalamus (in the paraventricular, periventricular and anterior hypothalamic nuclei) indicates that in addition to the arcuate neurons these neurons may also participate in the neurotensin innervation of the median eminence.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Intravenous cisapride accelerates delayed gastric emptying and increases antral contraction amplitude in patients with primary anorexia nervosa.

Delayed gastric emptying is common in primary anorexia nervosa. We investigated in 12 patients whether gastric emptying could be accelerated by the prokinetic drug cisapride. Patients were studied on two occasions 1 wk apart and received, under random double-blind conditions, 8 mg of cisapride and placebo intravenously. Gastric emptying of an isotopically labeled semisolid meal and antral motor activity were measured using a dual-headed gamma-camera for 50 min. Emptying was significantly slower (half-emptying time, 50-191 min; median, 121 min) than in 24 healthy volunteers (half-emptying times, 21-119 min; median, 47 min). Cisapride accelerated emptying significantly (p less than 0.001; half-emptying time after cisapride, 22-80 min; median, 42 min). Antral contraction amplitude increased and contraction frequency decreased significantly (p less than 0.001), whereas the propagation velocity of contractions remained unchanged. We concluded that intravenous cisapride accelerates gastric emptying and increases antral contraction amplitude in patients with anorexia nervosa. Whether or not these effects can prove beneficial in diminishing the patients' symptoms and in helping them to gain weight can only be answered from studies involving long-term treatment with cisapride.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Factor XIII: a marker of mono- and megakaryocytopoiesis.

Previous studies have shown that human platelets, megakaryocytes and peripheral blood monocytes contain the subunit a of plasma factor XIII (FXIII) which plays a key role in fibrin stabilization. To study the expression of FXIII subunit a during differentiation of the mono- and megakaryocytic cell lines, bone marrow smears were examined by immunomorphological methods. In addition to megakaryocytes, FXIII was detected in a large number of cells by a highly sensitive immunoperoxidase staining. Characterization of these cells was carried out by double immunofluorescent labelling in which the detection of FXIII subunit a was combined by the labelling of either Leu M3 monocyte/macrophage surface antigen or platelet factor 4 (PF4) a marker for megakaryocytic cells. On the course of differentiation from early precursors to mature megakaryocytes all phenotypic form of the megakaryocytic cell line expressed FXIII subunit a though there were considerable changes in its subcellular distribution pattern. Leu M3 positive cells of monocytopoiesis, i.e. monocytes and promonocytes and in all probability monoblasts as well, were also labelled for FXIII. On this basis FXIII subunit a could be considered as a common marker of megakaryo- and monocytopoiesis and its immunomorphological detection might provide a useful diagnostic tool for identifying normal and perhaps also malignant differentiation forms of these cell lines.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1987

Galanin in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system.

In the rat median eminence immunoreactive galanin nerve fibers and terminals are present in high numbers in the external layer, and fibers in moderate numbers are seen in the internal layer. The possible sources of these galanin-containing fibers were studied by means of radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry in rats with different types of hypothalamic lesions. Galanin-like neurons were found both (1) in the magnocellular hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system and (2) in the parvocellular hypothalamo-median eminence-anterior pituitary system. Cell bodies containing galanin-like immunoreactivity were localized in the supraoptic, magnocellular paraventricular and accessory magnocellular neurons with axons traversing the internal layer and terminating in the posterior pituitary. Surgical isolation of these neurons from the median eminence resulted in a marked depletion of immunoreactive galanin from the internal layer of the median eminence and the posterior pituitary. Due to the retrograde accumulation of axonally transported substances in cells proximal to the lesions, immunoreactive galanin-like cells became visible in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei ipsilateral to the knife cuts, and levels of galanin-like immunoreactivity increased in these nuclei 7 days after bilateral transections of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract. Immunoreactive galanin fibers in the external layer of the median eminence around the portal capillaries were found to be of paraventricular and arcuate nucleus origin. Bilateral paraventricular lesions caused marked (70%) reduction in levels of galanin-like immunoreactivity in the median eminence. The remaining 30% of the galanin immunoreactivity in the external layer may arise from the arcuate nucleus, which contains a great number of galanin-containing cell bodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Transcatheter embolization of kidney tumors].

Artificial embolisation of the renal artery or its branches was performed in 48 patients with renal carcinoma. Occlusion was effected by using Gelaspon or Ivalon sponges, metal spirals or a combination of both. This surgical intervention created favourable conditions for surgery. In about 80% of the patients pain occurred after embolisation, whereas more than half of them had fever or subfebrile temperatures. The use of Gelaspon sponge is recommended as the simplest and cheapest method of preoperative embolisation. To cut short the unpleasant effects of the postembolisation syndrome it appears to be best to operate 24 hours after embolisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Phenytoin reduces early acetylcholine release after depolarization.

Phenytoin 10 microM inhibits the K-evoked release of acetylcholine (ACh) from synaptosomes, a process which is biphasic. Phenytoin acts only on the early phase of release. Replacement of external Na with Li does not modify phenytoin's effect. Phenytoin augments the spontaneous release of ACh from resting synaptosomes but this effect is eliminated in Li media. It is likely that phenytoin reduces K-evoked Ca uptake and the Na/Ca exchange by separate mechanisms.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

[Scleromyxedema].

In a 51-year-old man scleromyxedema developed gradually from mucinosis papulosa over 13 years. Paraproteins of the type IgG-lambda were discovered in this patient.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of inl+ transformants of Neurospora crassa obtained with a recombinant cosmid-pool.

We constructed a Neurospora crassa gene library in a cosmid vector and used the cosmid-pool DNA to transform an inl, rg Neurospora crassa strain to inositol prototrophy. The inl+ colonies obtained in this experiment proved to be integrative type transformants. Genetic analysis revealed that the integration event occurred at or near the inl locus. In one of the transformants the inl+ trait exhibited mitotic and meiotic instability. In hybridization experiments free plasmids were detected in the F1 progeny of the transformants. We were able to recover eleven different plasmids from the F1 progeny of the transformants. None of these plasmids proved to carry a functional copy of the inl+ gene as judged by its transforming ability. Possible explanations for the observed phenomena are discussed.

Cosmids↗