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Biomedical subjects

A J Collins

Publications and source records attributed to A J Collins.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

In vitro effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on human polymorphonuclear cells and lymphocyte migration.

1. The action of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), sodium salicylate, aspirin, phenylbutazone and indomethacin was investigated on the migration of human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and lymphocytes, using the system of migration of leucocytes from glass capillary tubes. 2. All NSAID produced a dose-dependent inhibition of cell migration, and were more effective on the migration of the PMN than on lymphocytes. 3. Drugs optimally suppressed PMN migration after 20 to 24 h incubation, and lymphocytes after 3 to 6 h. 4. Prolonged incubation of cells with several concentrations of NSAID demonstrated an 'escape' from inhibition in PMNs prepared from one subject.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cell electrophoretic analysis of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Cell electrophoresis was performed on peripheral-blood lymphocytes obtained from 11 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) and 16 normal controls. On the basis of cell frequency/mobility histograms each subject's lymphocyte electrophoretic profile was resolved into a bimodal distribution of fast and slow cells. The mean electrophoretic mobility (E.P.M.) of the fast-cell population was similar in controls and in R.A. patients but the mean E.P.M. of the slow population was significantly slower in R.A. than in the controls. In the R.A. patients the E.P.M. of the polymorphonuclear cell population was significantly slower than that of P.M.N. cells in the peripheral blood of controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in patients with nodular lymphoma.

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) developed in four patients 66 to 157 months following the diagnosis of nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (PDL-N). The ANLL was signalled by increasing anemia and thrombocytopenia. A characteristic cytologic pattern of the leukemia was found. In each patient, a panmyelosis was present with striking morphologic abnormalities in leukocytes, erythrocytes and megakaryocytes. Marrow cytogenetic studies demonstrated abnormalities in all three patients studied. One of three patients treated with intensive chemotherapy obtained a complete remission. When long term survivors with PDL-N develop increasing anemia and thrombocytopenia, morphologic and cytogenetic marrow examinations are indicated to distinguish progressive lymphoma from therapy-induced myelosuppression or ANLL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Action of nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs on human and rat peripheral leucocyte migration in vitro.

Using an in vitro system of cell migration from glass capillary tubes, the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agents sodium salicylate, aspirin, ibuprofen, phenylbutazone, and indomethacin were shown to inhibit the migration of human peripheral leucocytes in a dose-related manner. This drug action was not confined to one species, as shown by the modification of rat peripheral leucocyte motility by sodium salicylate and aspirin. The relevance of the human findings to the clinical effectiveness of these agents is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of effects of aspirin and indomethacin on human platelet prostaglandin synthetase.

Human platelets were incubated in vitro with either aspirin or indomethacin and the prostaglandin synthetase activity of the resultant microsomal fraction from each incubation measured using a radiometric technique. Whereas aspirin produced a dose-related inhibition of the enzyme, indomethacin produced little or no inhibition over the same concentration range (10(-6) mol/l--10(-3) mol/l). Furthermore, administration of aspirin (600 mg) to volunteers produced a highly significant, prolonged inhibition of platelet microsomal prostaglandin synthetase whereas no inhibition was found with indomethacin (50 mg). As indomethacin is considerably more potent than aspirin as an inhibitor of human platelet prostaglandin synthetase in vitro, the results suggest a fundamental difference in the nature of the inhibition produced by each drug, aspirin being an essentially irreversible inhibitor whereas the inhibition produced by indomethacin is reversible. Studies with [3H-acetyl] aspirin have confirmed previous findings (Roth and Majerus, 1975) that aspirin produces an irreversible acetylation of a particulate fraction protein from human platelets.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1976

Prostaglandin synthetase activity from human rheumatoid synovial microsomes. Effect of 'aspirin-like' drug therapy.

Using a radiometric technique, prostaglandin synthetase activity was measured in vitro in the microsomal fraction of 19 synovial tissues taken from 17 rheumatoid arthritis patients. The enzyme was inhibited in vitro by low concentrations of several 'aspirin-like' drugs, though paracetamol and salicylic acid were virtually inactive. While the synthetase preparations from patients receiving indomethacin, ibuprofen, or naproxen therapy exhibited considerable activity in vitro, we were unable to show any activity in preparations from patients taking aspirin, even in low doses. These findings suggest that in vivo aspirin may be unique in being an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme, compared with other 'aspirin-like' drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Measurement of inflammation in man and animals by radiometry.

1. A radiometer is described, which is sensitive to infrared radiation in the range 0-25 mum, and which, after calibration with a black body standard can be used as a non-contact, fast reading thermometer.2. An example of acute joint inflammation in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis is described. The temperatures over the joint measured by radiometry, followed inflammatory changes in the joint effusion.3. Using rats, the method of measuring inflammation by radiometry was compared with measurements of increase in joint size. Changes measured by radiometry preceded changes shown by increase in joint size.4. The radiometer method was able to demonstrate the effect of an anti-inflammatory drug, given orally, against carrageenin inflammation.5. The procedure was found to be an accurate means of measuring inflammation and the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs. It was faster and less tedious than the other methods for the quantitative measurement of inflammation in man and animals.

Animals↗